MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF CORONARY ARTERIES IN HARYANVI POPULATION

Objective: The present study aimed to record the length of coronary arteries was carried out for better anatomical knowledge about the branches of coronary arteries and its variation is essential for cardiologists and interpretation of coronary angiograms by radiologists. Methods: The study group was comprised 60 human cadaveric hearts retrieved from the dead bodies of the age group 18–50 years brought for medicolegal autopsy. Results: In 60 heart specimen’s length of right coronary artery (RCA)-I (34.4–128.8 mm, 81.5±18.1), RCA-II (6.2–43.4 mm, 20.3±9.9), RCA-III (9.6–69 mm, 38.2±18.7), length of left coronary artery (3.4–19 mm, 12.6±3.74 mm), length of left circumflex artery (31.9–144.5 mm, 79.2±26.2 mm), and length of left anterior descending artery (33.4–154.4 mm, 105.3±27 mm). Conclusion: The name and nature of a coronary artery or a branch define that vessel’s vascularization pattern or territory, rather than its origin. Better anatomical knowledge about the branches of the coronary artery and its variation is essential for cardiologists and interpretation of coronary angiograms by radiologists.


INTRODUCTION
The "Coronary" term meaning crown is derived from the Latin word "Corona."The heart pumps the blood for the entire tissues in the human body through the aorta.However, the heart itself gets its nutrition through coronary arteries.In congenital and acquired cardiovascular diseases, management of a good and precise knowledge of normal and anomalous coronary circulation is crucial [1].The normal and variations in the anatomy of the coronary arteries have been studied for a long time, utilizing cadaveric dissection and various medical imaging techniques.Some of the benefits of cadaveric studies are that they are typically more simplistic because the coronary arteries can be studied in a 3D structure and can be followed from their origin or termination [2].
The right coronary artery (RCA) originates from the right sinus of the Valsalva in the aortic root.The RCA almost immediately enters the right atrioventricular sulcus and courses between the right atrium and right ventricle [3].
The left coronary artery (LCA) originates from the left sinus of Valsalva in the aortic root.The LCA is a short trunk that may divide and can give two branches (bifurcate), three branches (trifurcate), or four branches (quadrifurcate).The trunk of the artery passes behind the pulmonary trunk and then appears forward and to the left between the pulmonary trunk and left auricle [1].

METHODS
The present study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy in collaboration with the Department of Forensic Medicine, Pt.B. D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, after obtaining due permission from the Institutional Ethical Committee.The study group was comprised of 60 human cadaveric hearts retrieved from the dead bodies of the age group 18-50 years brought for medicolegal autopsy which had been performed within 18 h of death, as the morphology and morphometry of the heart are not altered because of decomposition or putrefaction [4,5] by that time in the mortuary of the Department of Forensic Medicine, Pt.B. D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak.
Morphometric parameters analyzed 1. RCA a.Length i. RCA-I (A-B): Origin to right border of heart (Fig. 1).

RESULTS
The length of coronary arteries is measured as mentioned in Table 1.

DISCUSSION
The branching pattern and distribution of coronary arteries have been studied by various workers in the past.Coronary artery disease is one of the most common causes of death due to changing dietary habits, sedentary habits, smoking, etc., in developing countries such as India.
With the advancement of medical technology, the incidence of coronary angiography and coronary bypass surgeries, stunt, and balloon angioplasty is also increasing.The present study was done with the hope that the data analyzed in the study may help clinicians to interpret properly the findings which will lead to its remedy [2].In the present study, the range of RCA-I (34.