TY - JOUR AU - HARMITA, HARMITA AU - SIMBOLON, DANNIS SAMUEL PY - 2020/03/23 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - SYNTHESIS AND ANALYSIS OF COPPER PROTEINATE AND MANGANESE PROTEINATE FROM REACTION OF COPPER SULFATE AND MANGANESE SULFATE WITH PROTEIN EXTRACTED FROM FISH WASTE JF - International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics JA - Int J App Pharm VL - 12 IS - 1 SE - Original Article(s) DO - 10.22159/ijap.2020.v12s1.FF031 UR - https://journals.innovareacademics.in/index.php/ijap/article/view/37556 SP - 139-142 AB - <p><strong>Objective</strong>: Copper and manganese are essential minerals needed for various biological processes in small amounts. However, essential minerals<br>are poorly absorbed in the form of salts or free form, leading to their low bioavailability. Forming complexes of essential minerals with protein can<br>increase their bioavailability. Metal proteinate complexes are non-polar, thereby reducing their excretion from the body. Fish waste is quite abundant<br>in Indonesia, and therefore, we used fish waste to synthesize metal-proteinate complexes.<br><strong>Methods</strong>: Protein was extracted from fish waste using pancreatin. The extracted protein was mixed with copper or manganese in various ratios. The<br>metal content in the complexes was analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry; ion exchange chromatography was used for separating the<br>complexes from free unbound metals.<br><strong>Results</strong>: The optimum condition which yielded the highest protein content was the ratio of pancreatin enzyme to fish waste powder of 2:100. The<br>optimum concentration of pancreatin was found to be 2% of the substrate. The yield of copper-proteinate complexes ranged from 97.87% to 98.55%,<br>whereas the yield of manganese proteinate ranged from 97.05% to 98.36%. The free metal content was only found in the manganese proteinate<br>complex in the 1.2:1 ratio, which was determined to be 0.0198 mg/g.<br><strong>Conclusion</strong>: We demonstrated that copper and manganese can react with proteins extracted by enzymatic hydrolysis of fish waste.</p> ER -