Int J Pharm Pharm Sci, Vol 6, Issue 10, ??-??Original Article
UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF SOLIFENACIN SUCCINATE IN TABLETS
B. RAKESH, P. BHARGAVI, S. RAKESH REDDY, A. ASHOK KUMAR*
Department of Pharmaceutical analysis and Quality Assurance, Vijaya college of pharmacy, Munaganur (village), Hayathnagar (mandal), Hyderabad 501511, India.
Email: ashok576@gmail.com
Received: 08 Jun 2014 Revised and Accepted: 01 Aug 2014
ABSTRACT
Objective: To develop a simple and cheap UV spectrophotometric method for the quantitative estimation of Solifenacin succinate (5mg) in tablets and validate as per ICH guidelines.
Methods: The optimized method uses a solvent 100% triethylammonium phosphate buffer (pH 2.5) for the estimation of assay of Solifenacin succinate in tablets at a detection wavelength of 215 nm.
Results: The developed method resulted in Solifenacin succinate exhibiting linearity in the range 5-15μg/ml. The precision is exemplified by relative standard deviation of 1.27%. Percentage Mean recovery was found to be in the range of 98‐102, during accuracy studies. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitiation (LOQ) were found to be 1.106µg/ml and 3.35µg/ml respectively.
Conclusion: A simple and a cheap UV spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the quantitative estimation of Solifenacin succinate in tablets as per ICH guidelines and hence it can be used for the routine analysis in various pharmaceutical industries.
Keywords: UV, Solifenacin succinate, Method development, Validation.
INTRODUCTION
Solifenacin succinate (Figure 1) is a competitive muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. Muscarinic receptor antagonists are widely used for treatment of the syndrome of overactive bladder and urge urinary incontinence [1-4]. The binding of acetylcholine to these receptors, particularly the M3 receptor subtype, plays a critical role in the contraction of smooth muscle. By preventing the binding of acetylcholine to these receptors, Solifenacin reduces smooth muscle tone in the bladder, allowing the bladder to retain larger volumes of urine and reducing the number of incontinence episodes. IUPAC name of Solifenacin succinate is Butanedioic acid, compound with (1S)-(3R)-1-azabicyclo [2.2.2] oct-3-yl 3,4-dihydro-1-phenyl-2(1H)-iso-quinolinecarboxylate (1:1), having an empirical formula of C23H26N2O2. C4H6O4 and a molecular weight of 480.55. It is freely soluble at room temperature in water, Glacial acetic acid, dimethyl sulfoxide and methanol [1-4].
Fig. 1: Structure of Solifenacin succinate
Literature survey reveals chromatographic methods for the analysis of Solifenacin succinate in various pharmaceutical dosage forms [1-7]. Very few literature is cited on spectrophotometric methods [8-9]. Hence we here report a new, cheap, simple, accurate and precise UV method for the determination of assay of solifenacin succinate in SOLITEN tablets and validate the developed method as per ICH guidelines.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Materials
Instrument
A double beam UV-visible spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, model 1800) having two matched quartz cells with 1 cm light path and loaded with UV probe software (version 2.41) was used for recording of spectra and measuring absorbance. An electronic analytical weighing balance (0.1mg sensitivity, Shimadzu AY 220), digital pH meter (DELUX model 101) and a sonicator (sonica, model 2200 MH) were used in this study.
Chemicals and Reagents
Analytically pure sample of Solifenacin succinate with purities greater than 99% was obtained as gift sample from RACHEM pharma, Hyderabad, India and tablet formulation [SOLITEN] was procured from MEDPLUS, Hyderabad, India with labelled amount 5mg of Solifenacin succinate. Triethylamine (AR Grade) and ortho phosphoric acid (AR Grade) were obtained from SD Fine chemicals (Hyderabad, India). 0.45μm Nylon membrane filters were obtained from Spincotech Private Limited, Hyderabad, India.
Method
Solvent
Solvent used is prepared by adding 5 ml of triethylamine to 1000 ml of distilled water and later pH was adjusted to 2.5 using 30% v/v of ortho phosphoric acid in water. Solvent was then filtered through 0.45 μm nylon membrane filter.
Selection of suitable detection wavelength
Suitable wavelength for the total experiment was determined by recording UV spectrum in the range of 200-400 nm for Solifenacin succinate and suitable wavelength selected was 215 nm (Figure 2).
Preparation of working standard solution
10mg of Solifenacin succinate was accurately weighed and taken in 100 ml clean and dry volumetric flask containing 80 ml of solvent and then the solution was made up to the mark using the solvent. This is considered as standard solution (10µg/ml), treated as working standard, 100% target concentration.
Preparation of stock and working sample solution
Ten tablets were weighed separately and the average weight wqas determined. The average weight was weighed from the ten tablets grinded in a pestle and mortar, transferred to a 100 ml volumetric flask containing 100 ml diluent and then sonicated for 3 minutes, followed by filtration through 0.45µ nylon membrane filter to get sample stock solution of 50µg/ml. 2 ml of the above stock solution was pipetted out and made up to 10 ml to get working sample solution equivalent to a concentration of working standard of 10 µg/ml.
Fig. 2: UV spectrum of Solifenacin succinate
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Method Development
Various solvents were explored, including Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate, triethylammonium phosphate and ammonium acetate buffers varying pH in the ranges of 2-7. Solifenacin succinate was found to be soluble and stable for minimum of 1 hour at room temperature using pH 2.5 triethylammonium phosphate buffer and hence this buffer was initiated for the determination of suitable detection wavelength and working concentration of standard. In order to test the applicability of the developed method to a commercial formulation, SOLITEN was studied at working concentration. Absorbance and assay for working concentration of sample at 215 nm was in acceptance limits (98-102%) with the standard working concentration during extraction of drug in the sample using the solvent for 3 minutes. The protocol affords reproducible quantification of the drug in the sample ranging between 98 and 102%, which is the standard level in any pharmaceutical quality control. Hence the method is optimized.
Method validation
Validation of the analytical method is the process that establishes by laboratory studies in which the performance characteristics of the method meet the requirements for the intended analytical application. UV spectrophotometric method developed was validated according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines [10] for validation of analytical procedures. The method was validated for the parameters like linearity, accuracy, system precision, intra-day precision, inter-day precision/ intermediate precision/ ruggedness, robustness, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitiation (LOQ).
Precision
System precision
Six replicate recording of absorbance at 215 nm of standard solution at working concentration showed % RSD (Relative Standard Deviation) less than 2 concerning absorbance for the drug, which indicates the acceptable reproducibility and thereby the precision of the system. System precision results are tabulated in table 1.
Method precision
Method precision was determined by performing assay of sample under the tests of repeatability (Intra day precision) at working concentration.
Table 1: System precision results of Solifenacin succinate.
| n | Absorbance |
| 1 | 0.322 |
| 2 | 0.321 |
| 3 | 0.322 |
| 4 | 0.320 |
| 5 | 0.324 |
| Average | 0.321 |
| SD | 0.0014 |
| % RSD | 0.43 |
Table 2: Intra day precision results of Solifenacin succinate
| n | % Assay |
| 1 | 99.61 |
| 2 | 98.07 |
| 3 | 99 |
| 4 | 101.45 |
| 5 | 100.22 |
| Average | 99.67 |
| S. D. | 1.273 |
| % RSD | 1.277 |
Table 3: Calibration data for Solifenacin succinate
| % Level | Concentration
(µg/ml) |
Absorbance
1 |
Absorbance
2 |
Absorbance
3 |
| 50 | 5 | 0.141 | 0.136 | 0.147 |
| 75 | 7.5 | 0.233 | 0.228 | 0.240 |
| 100 | 10 | 0.322 | 0.307 | 0.315 |
| 125 | 12.5 | 0.393 | 0.378 | 0.386 |
| 150 | 15 | 0.481 | 0.483 | 0.464 |
| Regression equation | y=0.033x-0.022 | y=0.033x-0.031 | y=0.031x-0.009 | |
| Regression coefficient | 0.998 | 0.996 | 0.997 |
Table 4: Results of Accuracy studies for Solifenacin succinate
| Concentration level (%) | *%Mean recovery |
| 50 | 98.38 |
| 100 | 101.45 |
| 150 | 99.20 |
*Mean of three replicates
Table 5: Robustness results of Solifenacin succinate sample
| Variation parameter | Variation | % Assay |
| pH(± 0.2) | 2.3 | 98.44 |
| 2.5 | 99.67 | |
| 2.7 | 101.03 | |
| Wave length
(± 2 nm) |
213 | 98.72 |
| 215 | 99.67 | |
| 217 | 99.34 |
Repeatability (Intra day precision)
Six consecutive recording of absorbance at 215 nm of the sample from the same homogeneous mixture at working concentration showed % RSD less than 2 concerning % assay for the drug which indicate that the method developed is method precise by the test of repeatability and hence can be understood that the method gives consistently reproducible results (Table 2).
Linearity
Standard solutions of Solifenacin succinate at different concentrations level (50%, 75%, 100%, 125% and 150%) were prepared. Calibration curve was constructed by plotting the concentration level of drug versus corresponding absorbance at 215 nm. The results show an excellent correlation between absorbance and concentration level of drug within the concentration range (5-15µg/ml) for the drug and the results are given in table 4. The correlation coefficients were greater than 0.995, which meet the method validation acceptance criteria and hence the method is said to be linear in the range of 5-15µg/ml.
Accuracy
Accuracy was determined by means of recovery experiments, by the determination of % mean recovery of sample at three different levels (50-150%). At each level, three determinations were performed. Percent mean recovery was calculated as shown in table 5. The accepted limits of recovery are 98% - 102% and all observed data are within the required range which indicates good recovery values and hence the accuracy of the method developed.
Robustness
The robustness of an analytical method is a measure of its capacity to remain unaffected by small but deliberate variations in method parameters and provides an indication of its reliability during normal usage. It is concluded that the method is robust as it is found that the % RSD is less than 2 for the drug concerning % assay despite deliberate variations done concerning pH ± 0.2 and detection wavelength ± 2 nm (Table 6).
Sensitivity
The sensitivity of measurement of Solifenacin succinate by use of the proposed method was estimated in terms of the limit of quantitation (LOQ), limit of detection (LOD) and Sandell’s sensitivity. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitiation (LOQ) were found to be 1.106µg/ml and 3.35µg/ml respectively. Optical characteristics and validation parameters results are summarized in table 7.
Table 6: Optical characteristics and validation parameters of Solifenacin succinate
| Parameters | Results |
| Detection wavelength (nm) | 215 |
| Beer’s Law limits (µg/ml) | 5-15 |
| Sandell’s sensitivity (µg/cm2/0.001 absorbance unit) | 0.05 |
| Regression equation (y = mx+c) | y=0.0328x-0.020 |
| Correlation coefficient (r2) | 0.997 |
| Slope (m) | 0.0328 |
| Intercept (c) | -0.020 |
| % Relative Standard Deviation (% RSD) System precision | 0.43 |
| (% RSD) Intra-day precision | 1.27 |
| (% RSD) Inter-day precision | |
| Accuracy (% Mean Recovery) | |
| 50 % Level | 98.38 |
| 100 % Level | 101.45 |
| 150 % Level | 99.20 |
| LOD (µg/ml) | 1.106 |
| LOQ (µg/ml) | 3.35 |
| Robustness | |
| pH(± 0.2) (% RSD) | ≤ 2 |
| Wavelength (± 2 nm) (% RSD) | ≤ 2 |
CONCLUSION
A cheap and a rapid UV spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the quantitative estimation of Solifenacin succinate in tablets as per ICH guidelines. The developed method resulted in Solifenacin succinate exhibiting linearity in the range 5-15 μg/ml. The precision is exemplified by relative standard deviation of 1.27%. Percentage Mean recovery was found to be in the range of 98‐102, during accuracy studies. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitiation (LOQ) were found to be 1.106µg/ml and 3.35 µg/ml respectively. Accordingly it is concluded that the developed UV spectrophotometric method is accurate, precise, linear and robust and therefore the method can be used for the routine analysis of Solifenacin succinate in tablets in various pharmaceutical industries.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors would like to thank the management of Vijaya college of pharmacy (VJYH), Hyderabad, for providing the necessary facilities to carry out of this research work. The authors are grateful to RACHEM pharma, Hyderabad for providing drug in form of gift sample.
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