PERFORMANCE OF CHROM AGAR MEDIUM AND CONVENTIONAL METHODS FOR DETECTION OF METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9i6.13916Abstract
Background:- Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are responsible for hospital and community acquired infections. There are many laboratory methods for detection of MRSA. Chromogenic media have been used for the last few years for the quick detection of MRSA. Objective:- Aim of this study was to compare the performance of  conventional methods and chromogenic media for the detection of MRSA in a tertiary care hospital. Material and method: - 200 consecutive isolates of S. aureus confirmed by conventional methods, collected in a tertiary care hospital were used for this study. Cefoxitin and oxacillin disc diffusion test used as conventional methods and Chromogenic media i.e. oxacillin resistant screen agar base (ORSAB) was used for detection of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. All confirmed MRSA were checked by gold standard mecA base PCR method. Result: - Out of 200 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, 50,52 and 47 strains were MRSA by Cefoxitin disc diffusion method, oxacillin disc diffusion method and oxacillin resistant screen agar base (ORSAB) method respectively. Specificity was 100%, 98.66%, 98.66% by Cefoxitin disc diffusion, oxacillin disc diffusion and ORSAB method respectively. Conclusion: - In conclusion, cefoxitin disc diffusion was the best for the phenotypic detection of MRSA because their sensitivity and specificity were better than oxacillin and ORSAB.
Downloads
References
Klevens RM, Morrison MA, Nadle J, et al; For the Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) MRSA Investigators. Invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in the United States. JAMA. 2007;298:1763-1771.
Archer, G. L. 1998. Staphylococcus aureus: a well-armed pathogen. Clin. Infect. Dis. 26:1179–1181.
Voss, A., and B. N. Doebbeling. The worldwide prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Int. J. Antimicrob Agents. 1995, 5:101–106.
Jernigan J. A., M. A. Clemence, G. A. Stott, M. G. Titus, C. H. Alexander, C. M. Palumbo, and B. M. Farr. Control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus at a university hospital: one decade later. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 1995. 16:686–696.
Papia, G., M. Louie, A. Tralla, C. Johnson, V. Collins, and A. E. Simor. Screening high-risk patients for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus on admission to the hospital: Is it cost-effective? Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 1999. 20:473–477.
Szczepanik A., Koziol-Montewka M., Al-Doori Z., Morrison D. and Kaczor D. Spread of a single multiresistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clone carring a variant of staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec type III isolated in a university hospital†European J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2007, 26: 29–35.
Felten, A., Grandry, B., Lagrange, P. H. & Casin, I. Evaluation of three techniques for detection of low-level methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): a disk diffusion method with cefoxitin and moxalactam, the Vitek 2 system, and the MRSA-screen latex agglutination test. J Clin Microbiol, 2002. 40, 2766–2771.
Perry, J. D., and A. M. Freydiere. The application of chromogenic media in clinical microbiology. J. Appl. Microbiol. 2007. 103:2046–2055.
Kumar SM, Abrahantes J, Lamme SC. Evaluation of chromogenic media for detection of MRSA. J. Clin Microbiol . 2010. 48:1040-1046.
Malhotra-Kumar, S., K. Haccuria, M. Michiels, M. Ieven, C. Poyart, W. Hryniewicz, and H. Goossens. Current trends in rapid diagnostics for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and glycopeptide-resistant enterococcus species. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2008. 46:1577–1587
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, 15th informational supplement, M100–S15. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (2005).
Ausubel FM, Brent R, Kingston R, Moore DE, Seidman, et al. Protocols in Molecular Biology, 4th edn. John Wiley and Sons Inc. New York (1999).
Unal S, Werner K, Degirolami P, Barsanti F, Eliopoulos G. Comparison of tests for detection of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a clinical microbiology laboratory. Antimicrob Agents Chemother; 1994, 38:345-47.
Jonas D, Grundmann H, Hartung D, Daschner FD, Towner KJ. Evaluation of the mecA-fem B Duplex Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis; 1999, 18: 643-47.
Arnold, M. S., Dempsey, J. M., Fishman, M., McAuley, P. J., Tibert, C. & Vallande, N. C. The best hospital practices for controlling methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: on the cutting edge. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, 2002, 23, 69–76.
Krishnan, P. U., Miles, K. & Shetty, N. Detection of methicillin and mupirocin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolates using conventional and molecular methods: a descriptive study from a burns unit with high prevalence of MRSA. J Clin Pathol, 2002. 55, 745–748
Skov, R., Smyth, R., Larsen, A. R., Bolmstrom, A., Karlsson, A., Mills, K., Frimodt-Moller, N. & Kahlmeter, G. Phenotypic detection of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus by disk diffusion testing and Etest on Mueller-Hinton agar. J Clin Microbiol , 2006. 44, 4395–4399.
Blanc, D. S., Wenger, A. & Bille, J. Evaluation of a novel medium for screening specimens from hospitalized patients to detect methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Clin Microbiol, 2003. 41, 3499–3502.
Hardy KJ, Hawkey PM, Gao F, Oppenheim BA. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the critically ill. Br. J. Anaesth., 2004. 92: 121-130.
avakoli H., Bayat M., Kousha A. and Panahi P. The Application of Chromogenic Culture Media for Rapid Detection of Food and Water Borne Pathogen†Am-Euras. J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 2008, 4 (6): 693-698,.
Kluytmans, J., Van Griethuysen, A., Willemse, P. et al. Performance of CHROM agar selective medium and oxacillin resistance screening agar base for identifying Staphylococcus aureus and detecting methicillin resistance. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2002. 40, 2480–2.
Flayhart D, Hindler JF, Bruckner DA, Hall G, Shrestha RK Vogel SA, Richter SS, Howard W, Walther R, Carroll KC. Multicenter evaluation of BBL CHROMagar MRSA medium for direct detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from surveillance cultures of the anterior nares. J. Clin. Microbiol., 2005. 43:5536-5540.
Nahimana I, Francioli P, Blanc DS. Evaluation of three chromogenic media (MRSA-ID, MRSA-Select and CHROMagar MRSA) and ORSAB for surveillance cultures of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Clin. Microbiol. Infect, 2006,.12:1168-1174.
Stoakes L, Reyes R, Daniel J, Lennox G, John MA, Lannigan R, and Hussain Z. Prospective comparison of a new chromogenic media, MRSASelect, to CHROMagar MRSA and mannitol-salt medium supplemented with oxacillin or cefoxitin for detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2006. 44:637–639.
Velasco D, Tomas MM, Cartelle M, BecceiroA, Perez A, Molina F, Moure R, Villanueva R, Bou G. Evaluation of different methods for detecting methicillin (oxacillin) resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. J Antimicrob Chemother., 2005, 55:379–382.
. Simor, A. E., J. Goodfellow, L. Louie, and M. Louie. Evaluation of a new medium, oxacillin resistance screening agar base, for the detection of
Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus from clinical specimens. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2001. 39:3422. (Letter.)
Becker, A., D. H. Forster, and E. Kniehl. Oxacillin resistance screening agar base for detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J. Clin. Microbiol. 2002, 40:4400-4401.
Van Loo IH, van Dijk S, Verbakel-Schelle IAGM, Buiting AGM. Evaluation of a chromogenic agar (MRSASelect) for the detection of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with clinical samples in The Netherlands. J. Med. Microbiol., 2007, 56(4):491-494.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
