DRUG UTILIZATION PATTERN IN AN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT AT A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL IN OMAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i2.15148Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the drug prescribing trends in the ICU department and correlate them with the disease patterns and patients' outcomes.
Methods: The case records of patients admitted to the ICU at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH), a teaching hospital in Oman, during a 5-month period between June 1st to October 31st 2013 were analyzed. The variables collected included demographic and clinical characteristics as well as duration of hospitalization, indications and utilization of different drugs.
Results: A total of 138 patients were evaluated with an average of age ‎46±19‎ years. The average length of stay at ICU‎ was ‎4.5±3.5 days. The‎ average number of drugs per prescription was ‎8.0±4.6‎. The most common route used was the parenteral route (66%) followed by the enteral route (25%). Anti-infective drugs were the most commonly prescribed class of drugs (25%) followed by gastrointestinal drugs (20%). Antibiotics accounted for 12% of the total drugs prescribed. Trauma was the most common indication for the admission to the ICU (22%).
Conclusion: Drugs prescription patterns in the ICU appeared to be similar to those reported in previous studies. However, prescription protocols need to be addressed to guide appropriate use of drugs in the ICU setting.
Â
Downloads
References
Krähenbühl-Melcher A, Schlienger R, Lampert M, Haschke M, Drewe J, Krähenbühl S. Drug-related problems in hospitals: A review of the recent literature. Drug Saf 2007;30(5):379-407.
World Health Organization. Introduction to Drug Utilization Research.
st ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2003.
Yamashita SK, Louie M, Simor AE, Rachlis A. Microbiological
surveillance and parenteral antibiotic use in a critical care unit. Can J Infect Dis 2000;11(2):107-11.
Weber RJ, Kane SL, Oriolo VA, Saul M, Skledar SJ, Dasta JF. Impact of intensive care unit (ICU) drug use on hospital costs: A descriptive analysis, with recommendations for optimizing ICU pharmacotherapy. Crit Care Med 2003;31 1 Suppl: S17-24.
Shankar PR, Partha P, Dubey AK, Mishra P, Deshpande VY. Intensive care unit drug utilization in a teaching hospital in Nepal. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2005;3(2):130-7.
Williams A, Mathai AS, Phillips AS. Antibiotic prescription patterns at admission into a tertiary level intensive care unit in Northern India. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2011;3(4):531-6.
Kumar P, Walker JK, Hurt KM, Bennett KM, Grosshans N, Fotis MA.
Medication use in the neonatal intensive care unit: Current patterns and off-label use of parenteral medications. J Pediatr 2008;152(3):412-5.
Bobek M, Hoffman-Hogg L, Bair N, Mion L, Arroliga A, Slomka J.
Utilization patterns, relative costs, and length of stay following adoption of MICU sedation guidelines. Formulary 2001;36(9):664-73.
Hartmann B, Junger A, Brammen D, Röhrig R, Klasen J, Quinzio L, et al. Review of antibiotic drug use in a surgical ICU: Management with a patient data management system for additional outcome analysis in patients staying more than 24 hours. Clin Ther 2004;26(6):915-24.
Biswal S, Mishra P, Malhotra S, Puri GD, Pandhi P. Drug utilization pattern in the intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital. J Clin Pharmacol 2006;46(8):945-51.
Patel MK, Barvaliya MJ, Patel TK, Tripathi C. Drug utilization pattern in critical care unit in a tertiary care teaching hospital in India. Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci 2013;3(4):250-5.
Chatterjee S, Mandal A, Lyle N, Mukherjee S, Singh AK. Drug utilization study in a neonatology unit of a tertiary care hospital in Eastern India. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2007;16(10):1141-5.
John L, Devi P, John J, Guido S. Drug utilization study of antimicrobial agents in medical intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2011;4(2):81-4.
Abideen S, Vivekandan K, Mishra P. Assessment of prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions in medical intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital in India. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2015;8(1):125-30.
Smythe MA, Melendy S, Jahns B, Dmuchowski C. An exploratory analysis of medication utilization in a medical intensive care unit. Crit Care Med 1993;21(9):1319-23.
Tavallaee M, Fahimi F, Kiani S. Drug-use patterns in an intensive care unit of a hospital in Iran: An observational prospective study. Int J Pharm Pract 2010;18(6):370-6.
Boucher BA, Kuhl DA, Coffey BC, Fabian TC. Drug use in a trauma intensive-care unit. Am J Hosp Pharm 1990;47(4):805-10.
Bonmarchand G, Czernichow P, Chrétien P, Massari P, Lecomte F, Hantute N, et al. Drugs used in a medical intensive care unit. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 1986;5(5):497-501.
Paudel R, Palaian S, Giri B, Hom K, Sah A, Poudel A. Clinical profile and drug utilization pattern in an intensive care unit of a teaching hospital in Western Nepal. Arch Pharm Pract 2011;2(4):163-9.
Balaji V, Aithal S, Geetha S, Swetha ES. Drug utilization pattern among geriatric patients admitted in medical intensive care unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2015;8(2):281-3.
ASHP Therapeutic Guidelines on Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis. ASHP Commission on Therapeutics and approved by the ASHP Board of Directors on November 14, 1998. Am J Health Syst Pharm
;56(4):347-79.
Vincent JL. Nosocomial infections in adult intensive-care units. Lancet
;361(9374):2068-77.
Singh N, Yu VL. Rational empiric antibiotic prescription in the ICU.
Chest 2000;117(5):1496-9.
Fowler RA, Sabur N, Li P, Juurlink DN, Pinto R, Hladunewich MA, et al. Sex-and age-based differences in the delivery and outcomes of critical care. CMAJ 2007;177(12):1513-9.
Usluer G, Ozgunes I, Leblebicioglu H; Turkish Antibiotic Utilization Study Group. A multicenter point-prevalence study: Antimicrobial prescription frequencies in hospitalized patients in Turkey. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2005;4(16):16.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
