ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LACTOSE AND NON- LACTOSE FERMENTING BACTERIA FROM TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTâ€
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i2.15186Abstract
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to identify the fermenting and non-fermenting gram negative bacteria from the tertiary care hospital.
Methods: The conventional method of identification by biochemical analysis and antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Furthermore, analysis of microbes was done by Vitek-2.
Results: 424strains of lactose fermenting and non-lactose fermenting gram negative bacilli were isolated from 3097 clinical samples. From the total lactose fermenting bacteria Escherichia coli was the predominant isolate accounting for 50.94% specimens, followed by Klebsiella pneumonia 27.59% and Enterobacter 0.47%. From the total non-lactose fermenting gram negative bacilli Acinetobacter baumannii was the predominant isolate accounting for 12.73% specimens followed by Pseudomonas aeroginosa 6.13%, other isolates were Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 1.17% , Burkholderia cepacia 0.94%. In the present study male were more infected than female. The study also showed that lactose fermenting bacteria were more infectious than non lactose-fermenting bacteria and isolates were from urine samples.
Conclusion: Both Non-Lactose Fermenting Gram Negative Bacilli and Lactose Fermenting Gram Negative Bacilli were found to be major contaminants, and are important pathogenic bacteria causing wide range of infections in the tertiary care hospital.
Keywords: Lactose fermenting gram negative bacteria, Vitek-2, Tertiary Care Hospital, Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion, Lactose non-fermenting gram negative bacteria
Â
Â
Downloads
References
Mofenson LM1, Brady MT, Danner SP, Dominguez KL, Hazra R, Handelsman E, et al. Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections among HIV-exposed and HIV-infected children: Recommendations from CDC, the national institutes of health, the HIV medicine association of the infectious diseases society of America, the Pediatric infectious diseases society, and the American Academy of Pediatrics. MMWR Recomm Rep 2009;58(RR-11):1-166.
Albrecht SJ, Fishman NO, Kitchen J, Nachamkin I, Bilker WB, Hoegg C, et al. Reemergence of gram-negative health care-associated bloodstream infections. Arch Intern Med 2006;166(12):1289-94.
Rao GG. Risk factors for the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Drugs 1998;55(3):323-30.
Fiorillo L, Zucker M, Sawyer D, Lin AN. The pseudomonas hot-foot syndrome. N Engl J Med 2001;345(5):335-8.
Mehrgan H, Rahbar M. Prevalence of extended-spectrum beta- lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in a tertiary care hospital in Tehran, Iran. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2008;31(2):147-51.
Astal Z, Sharif FA, Abdallah SA, Fahd MI. Extended spectrum beta- lactamases in E. coli isolated from community-acquired urinary tract infections in the Gaza Strip, Palestine. Ann Saudi Med. 2004;24:55-7.
Asensio A, Oliver A, González-Diego P, Baquero F, Pérez-DÃaz JC, Ros P, et al. Outbreak of a multiresistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain in an intensive care unit: Antibiotic use as risk factor for colonization and infection. Clin Infect Dis 2000;30(1):55-60.
Navon-Venezia S, Ben-Ami R, Carmeli Y. Update on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii infections in the healthcare setting. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2005;18(4):306-13.
Alekshun MN, Levy SB. Molecular mechanisms of antibacterial multidrug resistance. Cell 2007;128(6):1037-50.
Günseren F, Mamikoglu L, Oztürk S, Yücesoy M, Biberoglu K, Yulug N, et al. A surveillance study of antimicrobial resistance of gram- negative bacteria isolated from intensive care units in eight hospitals in Turkey. J Antimicrob Chemother 1999;43(3):373-8.
Cappuccino JG, Sherman N. Techniques for isolation of pure culture.
In: Microbiology: A Laboratory Manual. 4th ed. Singapore: Pearson Education Inc.; 2002. Collee JG, Duguid JP, Frasee AG, Marmion BP. Techniques for isolation of pure culture in Microbiology. Singapore: Pearson Education Pte. Ltd; 1987. p. 63-6, 149-85, 428-31.
Murray PR, editor-in-chief. Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 7th ed.
Washington, DC: ASM Press; 1999.
Kaur GJ, Arora DS. Antibacterial and phytochemical screening of Anethum graveolens, Foeniculum vulgare and Trachyspermum ammi. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2009 6;9:30.
Wadhwa R, Sharma Y, Upadhyay R, Bala K. Nosocomial infection by non-fermenting gram negative bacilli in tertiary care hospital: Screening and cure. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2016;8(3):274-7.
Noori M, Karimi A, Fallah F. High prevalence of metallo-beta- lactamase producing Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from two hospitals of Tehran, Iran. Arch Pediatr Infect Dis 2014;2(3):Article ID: e15439.
Pandya PN, Prajapati BS, Mehta JS, Kikani MK, Joshi JP.
Evaluation of various methods for detection of MBL production in
Gramnegative bacilli. Int J Biol Med Res 2011;2(3):775-7.
Gardam MA. Is surveillance for multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae an effective infection control strategy in the absence of an outbreak? J Infect Dis 2002;186:1754-60.
Alberti C, Brun-Buisson C, Burchardi H. Epidemiology of sepsis and infection in ICU patients from an International Multicentre Cohort Study. Intensive Care Med 2002;28:108-21.
Weller TM, MacKenzie FM, Forbes KJ. Molecular epidemiology of a large outbreak of multiresistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Med Microbiol 1997;46(11):921-6.
Raghunath D. Emerging antibiotic resistance in bacteria with special reference to India. J Biosci 2008;33(4):593-603.
Malini A, Deepa E, Gokul B, Prasad S. Nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli infections in a tertiary care hospital in Kolar, Karnataka. J Lab Physicians 2009;1(2):62-6.
Kumar AV, Pillai VS, Dinesh K, Karim S. The phenotypic detection of carbapenemase in meropenem resistant Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex in a tertiary care hospital in South India. J Clin Diagn Res 2011;5(2):223-6.
Kunin CM. Urinary tract infections in females. Clin Infect Dis
;18(1):1-10.
Gupta K, Hooton TM, Roberts PL, Stamm WE. Short-course nitrofurantoin for the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis in women. Arch Intern Med 2007;167(20):2207-12.
KaurA, Gupta V, Chhina D. Prevalence of metalo- ß-lactamase-producing
(MBL) Acinetobacter species in a tertiary care hospital. Iran J Microbiol
;6(1):22-5.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
