ANTILITHIATIC EFFECT OF CISSAMPELOS PAREIRA LEAVES IN AMMONIUM CHLORIDE AND ETHYLENE GLYCOL INDUCED UROLITHISIS IN RATS
Abstract
Â
 Objective: To study the antilithiatic activity of ethanolic extract of leaves of Cissampelos pareira (EELCP) in 2% ammonium chloride (AC) and 0.75% ethylene glycol (EG) induced urolithiasis in albino rats.
Methods: Kidney stones were induced in rats by feeding drinking water mixed with 2% (AC) and 0.75% (EG) for 10 days. Stones were confirmed by the increased urinary levels of calcium, uric acid and decreased levels of magnesium and increased levels of serum creatinine and calcium. The rats were treated with 03 doses of EELCP i.e. 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg respectively, orally in different groups of albino rats once daily for 10 days along with 2% (AC) and 0.75% (EG) containing drinking water. On 11th day, 3 rats from each group were kept in one metabolic cage and urine (pooled) collected for 24 hrs was subjected for assessment of various biochemical parameters. Blood was collected on the same day and analyzed for various parameters. Kidneys were observed for the histopathological changes.
Results: Rats treated with 03 doses of EELCP significantly (p≤0.05) decreases the urinary calcium, uric acid and enhanced urinary magnesium levels, decreased serum calcium, creatinine and enhanced serum magnesium. Histopathology of kidneys in groups treated with EELCP at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg doses revealed less tissue damage and the cytology of nephrotic tissue was almost similar to the control Group I rats.
Conclusion: Results showed EELCP has shown significant antilithiatic effect against chemical induced urolithiasis in rats.
Keywords: Cissampelos pareira, Leaf extract, Antilithiatic activity, Urolithiasis, Ethylene glycol.
Downloads
References
Tiselius HG. Etiology and investigation of stone disease. Curriculum in urology. Eur J Urol 1998;2(1):1-7.
Ramesh C, Nandakumar K, Rajesh R. Antiurolithic activity of heart wood extract of Cedrus deodara in rats. J Complement Integr Med 2010;7(1):11.
Agrawal SS, Tamrakar BP, Paridhavi M. Clinically Useful Herbal Drugs. 1st ed. New Delhi: Ahuja Publishers; 2009. p. 76.
Amresh G, Singh PN, Rao ChV. Antinociceptive and antiarthritic activity of Cissampelos pareira roots. J Ethnopharmacol 2007 22;111:531-6.
Singh BK, Pillai KK, Kohli K, Haque SE. Effect of Cissampelos pareira root extract on isoproterenol-induced cardiac dysfunction. J Nat Med 2013;67(1):51-60.
Issat T, Jakóbisiak M, Golab J. Berberine, a natural cholesterol reducing product, exerts antitumor cytostatic/cytotoxic effects independently from the mevalonate pathway. Oncol Rep 2006;16:1273-6.
Amresh G, Reddy GD, Rao ChV, Singh PN. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of Cissampelos pareira root in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2007;110:526-31.
Amresh, Reddy GD, Rao CV, Shirwaikar A. Ethnomedical value of Cissampelos pareira extract in experimentally induced diarrhoea. Acta Pharm 2004;54(1):27-35.
Ganguly M, Kr Borthakur M, Devi N, Mahanta R. Antifertility activity of the methanolic leaf extract of Cissampelos pareira in female albino mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2007;111:688-91.
Ye M, Fu S, Pi R, He F. Neuropharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties of berberine: A review of recent research. J Pharm Pharmacol 2009;61(7):831-7.
Surendran S, Eswaran MB, Vijayakumar M, Rao CV. In vitro and in vivo hepatoprotective activity of Cissampelos pareira against carbon-tetrachloride induced hepatic damage. Indian J Exp Biol 2011;49(12):939-45.
Bafna A, Mishra S. Antioxidant and immunomodulatory activity of the alkaloidal fraction of Cissampelos pareira linn. Sci Pharm 2010;78(1):21-31.
Sayana SB, Khanwelkar CC, Nimmagadda VR, Chavan VR, Bh R, S NK. Evalution of antiurolithic activity of alcoholic extract of roots of Cissampelos pareira in albino rats. J Clin Diagn Res 2014;8(7):HC01 4.
Amritpal S, Sanjiv D, Jaswinder S, Shankar K. An inside preview of ethnopharmacology of Cissampelos pareira L. Int J Bio Technol 2010;1(1):114-20.
Khandelwal KR. Practical Pharmacognosy Techniques and Experiments. 3rd ed. Pune: Nirali Prakashan; 2000. p. 149-56.
OECD. Guidelines on Acute Oral Toxicity. Environmental Health and Safety Monograph Series on Testing and Adjustment No.425; 2001.
Amresh G, Singh PN, Rao CV. Toxicological screening of traditional medicine Laghupatha (Cissampelos pareira) in experimental animals. J Ethnopharmacol 2008;116(3):454-60.
Suman KM, Satyaranjan M, Sahoo S, Panda PK. Antiurolithic activity of Crataeva magna Lour. bark. Indian J Nat Prod Resour 2011;2(1):28 33.
Choubey A, Choubey A, Jain P, Iyer D, Patil UK. Assessment of Ceiba pentandra on calcium oxalate urolithiasis in rats. Der Pharm Chem 2010;2(6):144-56.
Khan A, Khan SR, Gilani AH. Studies on the in vitro and in vivo antiurolithic activity of Holarrhena antidysenterica. Urol Res 2012;40(6):671-81.
Scheid CR, Koul HK, Kennington L, Hill WA, Luber-Narod J, Jonassen J, et al. Oxalate-induced damage to renal tubular cells. Scanning Microsc 1995;9(4):1097-105.
Kurien TB, Selvam R. Induction of lipid peroxidation in calcium oxalate stone formation. Indian J Exp Biol 1989;27(5):450-3.
Miller C, Kennington L, Cooney R, Kohjimoto Y, Cao LC, Honeyman T, et al. Oxalate toxicity in renal epithelial cells: Characteristics of apoptosis and necrosis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2000;162(2):132-41.
Vermeulen CW. Essays in Experimental Biology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; 1962. p. 253-69.
Richardson KE, Tolbert NE. Oxidation of glyoxylic acid to oxalic acid by glycolic acid oxidase. J Biol Chem 1961;236:1280-4.
Divakar K, Pawar AT, Chandrasekhar SB, Dighe SB, Divakar G. Protective effect of the hydro-alcoholic extract of Rubia cordifolia roots against ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2010;48(4):1013-8.
Lemann J Jr, Worcester EM, Gray RW. Hypercalciuria and stones. Am J Kidney Dis 1991;17(4):386-91.
Low RK, Stoller ML. Uric acid-related nephrolithiasis. Urol Clin North Am 1997;24(1):135-48.
Srinivasan S, Kalaiselvi P, Sakthivel R, Pragasam V, Muthu V, Varalakshmi P. Uric acid: An abettor or protector in calcium oxalate urolithiasis? Biochemical study in stone formers. Clin Chim Acta 2005;353(1-2):45-51.
Rushton HG, Spector M. Effects of magnesium deficiency on intratubular calcium oxalate formation and crystalluria in hyperoxaluric rats. J Urol 1982;127(3):598-604.
Khan SR. Animal models of kidney stone formation: An analysis. World J Urol 1997;15(4):236-43.
Mayee R, Thosar A. Evaluation of Lantana camara Linn for antiurolithiatic and antioxidant activities in rats. Int J Pharm Clin Res 2011;3(6):10-4.
Khajavi Rad A, Hadjzadeh MA, Rajaei Z, Mohammadian N, Valiollahi S, Sonei M. The beneficial effect of Cynodon dactylon fractions on ethylene glycol-induced kidney calculi in rats. Urol J 2011;8(3):179-84.
Touhami M, Laroubi A, Elhabazi K, Loubna F, Zrara I, Eljahiri Y, et al. Lemon juice has protective activity in a rat urolithiasis model. BMC Urol 2007;7:18.
Sayana SB, Khanwelkar CC, Nimmagadda VR, Chavan VR. Antiurolithic activity of aqueous extract of roots of Cissampelos pareira in albino rats. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2014;7(3):49-53.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.