GREEN TEA CATECHIN LOADED NANODELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR THE TREATMENT OF PANDEMIC DISEASES

Authors

  • SATHEESH BABU NATARAJAN Department of Formulation Development, Tropicana Herbals, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India.
  • SURIYAKALA PERUMAL CHANDRAN Department of Formulation Development, Tropicana Herbals, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India.
  • ANJANEYULU VINUKONDA Department of Formulation Development, Alembic Pharmaceuticals Ltd. and Research, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India.
  • SENTHIL RAJAN D Department of Pharmaceutics, Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Tiruchengode, Tamil Nadu, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i5.27308

Keywords:

Camellia sinensis, green tea, catechine, flavonoids, nanoparticles, nanaoemulsion, liposomes

Abstract

Tea (Camellia sinensis, Family: Theaceae) is one of the extremely consumed beverages around the world, behind to water. The brew tea is the merely food product contains abundant quantity of the catechins. Green tea is the least processed and thus contains rich antioxidant, polyphenols, especially catechin called epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), which is whispered to be responsible for a wide range of the health benefits. The key to the amazing health benefits that are derived from green tea is that the leaves are steamed which preserves the EGCG compound from being oxidized. However, the other varieties of teas are under go fermentation process, which breaks down the potential EGCG and destroy from its healing properties. In reality, green tea has very extensive history dating back thousands and thousands of years ago. However, the pharmacological efficacy and stability of green tea catchiness are primarily depended on the formulation and way to drink to alleviate the deadly diseases with scientific evidence. Nanotechnology is a vibrantly emerging field especially in the pharmaceutical industry to explore a lot of application. The promising nano-delivery system used to enhance the therapeutic efficacy with a minimal dose, minimize the dose-related toxicity, target delivery, site-specific delivery, and controlled/sustain the delivery application. In recent decades, the application of nanotechnology has been utilized for phytopharmaceutical industry including green tea catechins to maximize the health benefits. In this review, we tried our level best retrieve the value of information on nanodelivery application of green tea catchiness for various devastating diseases.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

SATHEESH BABU NATARAJAN, Department of Formulation Development, Tropicana Herbals, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India.

Product development Manager

References

Yadav D, Suri S, Choudhary AA, Sikender M, Hemant K, Beg NM. Novel approach: Herbal remedies and natural products in pharmaceutical science as nano drug delivery systems. Int J Pharm Tech 2011;3:3092-116.

Parasuraman S, Thing GS, Dhanaraj SA. Polyherbal formulation: Concept of Ayurveda. Pharmacogn Rev 2014;8:73-80.

Ganjhu RK, Mudgal PP, Maity H, Dowarha D, Devadiga S, Nag S, et al. Herbal plants and plant preparations as remedial approach for viral diseases. Virusdisease 2015;26:225-36.

Martin KW, Ernst E. Herbal medicines for treatment of bacterial infections: A review of controlled clinical trials. J Antimicrob Chemother 2003;51:241-6.

Calixto JB. Efficacy, safety, quality control, marketing and regulatory guidelines for herbal medicines (phytotherapeutic agents). Braz J Med Biol Res 2000;33:179-89.

Clement YN, Williams AF, Khan K, Bernard T, Bhola S, Fortuné M, et al. A gap between acceptance and knowledge of herbal remedies by physicians: The need for educational intervention. BMC Complement Altern Med 2005;5:20.

Ekor M. The growing use of herbal medicines: Issues relating to adverse reactions and challenges in monitoring safety. Front Pharmacol 2014;4:177.

Piyush M, Vividha D. A comprehensive review on pharmacokinetic profile of some traditional Chinese medicines. New J Sci 2016;1:1-31.

Lorkowski G. Gastrointestinal absorption and biological activities of serine and cysteine proteases of animal and plant origin: Review on absorption of serine and cysteine proteases. Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol 2012;4:10-27.

Rein MJ, Renouf M, Cruz-Hernandez C, Actis-Goretta L, Thakkar SK, da Silva Pinto M, et al. Bioavailability of bioactive food compounds: A challenging journey to bioefficacy. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2013; 75:588 602.

Jahangirian H, Lemraski EG, Webster TJ, Rafiee-Moghaddam R, Abdollahi Y. A review of drug delivery systems based on nanotechnology and green chemistry: Green nanomedicine. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:2957-78.

Din FU, Aman W, Ullah I, Qureshi OS, Mustapha O, Shafique S, et al. Effective use of nanocarriers as drug delivery systems for the treatment of selected tumors. Int J Nanomedicine 2017;12:7291-309.

Arruebo M, Fernandez-Pacheco R, Ibarra MR, Santamaria J. Magnetic nanoparticles for drug delivery. Nano Today 2007;2:22-32.

Khan N, Mukhtar H. Tea and health: Studies in humans. Curr Pharm Des 2013;19:6141-7.

Mukhtar H, Ahmad N. Tea polyphenols: Prevention of cancer and optimizing health. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71:1698S-702S.

Costa LM, Gouveia ST, Nóbrega JA. Comparison of heating extraction procedures for Al, Ca, Mg, and Mn in tea samples. Anal Sci 2002;18:313-8.

Rietveld A, Wiseman S. Antioxidant effects of tea: Evidence from human clinical trials. J Nutr 2003;133:3285S-3292S.

Sabu MC, Priya TT, Ramadasan K, Ikuo N. Beneficial effects of green tea: A literature review. Chin Med 2010;5:1-9.

Taylor PW, Hamilton-Miller JM, Stapleton PD. Antimicrobial properties of green tea catechins. Food Sci Technol Bull 2005;2:71-81.

Sharangi AB. Medicinal and therapeutic potentialities of tea (Camellia sinensis L). A review. Food Res Int 2009;42:529-35.

Ahmed S, Stepp JR, Orians C, Griffin T, Matyas C, Robbat A, et al. Effects of extreme climate events on tea (Camellia sinensis) functional quality validate indigenous farmer knowledge and sensory preferences in tropical China. PLoS One 2014;9:e109126.

Wanda CR. An update on the health benefits of green tea. Beverages 2017;3;1-14.

Paini SW, Werdani YD, Christine S, Kartikasari A. In vitro antioxidant capacities and antidiabetic properties of Pluchea leaves and green tea mixtures at various proportions. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2015;9:203-8.

Chu C, Deng J, Man Y, Qu Y. Green tea extracts epigallocatechin-3- gallate for different treatments. Biomed Res Int 2017;2017:5615647.

Chacko SM, Thambi PT, Kuttan R, Nishigaki I. Beneficial effects of green tea: A literature review. Chin Med 2010;5:13.

Tomás-Barberán FA, Andrés-Lacueva C. Polyphenols and health: Current state and progress. J Agric Food Chem 2012;60:8773-5.

Singh BN, Shankar S, Srivastava RK. Green tea catechin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG): Mechanisms, perspectives and clinical applications. Biochem Pharmacol 2011;82:1807-21.

Lucilene DM, Tiele GT. Influence of permanganate index in the parameters as total phenol content and total antioxidant activity of extracts of Camellia sinensis. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2017;9:110-3.

Jabeen S, Sahib A, Maria S, Waqar A, Rukhsana B, Farrukh SH, et al. Withering timings affect the total free amino acids and mineral contents of tea leaves during black tea manufacturing. Arab J Chem 2015. Doi: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2015.03.011.

Yumen H. Morphology, manufacturing, types, composition and medicinal properties of tea (Camellia sinensis). J Basic Appl Plant Sci 2017;1:1-10.

Lee LS, Kim SH, Kim YB, Kim YC. Quantitative analysis of major constituents in green tea with different plucking periods and their antioxidant activity. Molecules 2014;19:9173-86.

Rabiatul AZ, Nurliyana AR, Faridah AB. Determination of flavonoid and caffeine content in black and oolong teas. J Sci Technol 2016; 8:18 24.

Sanderson WG, Grahamm NH. Formation of black tea aroma. J Agric Food Chem 1973;21:576-85.

Sinija VR, Mishra HN. Green tea: Health benefits. J Nutr Environ Med 2008;17:232-42.

Ansari SH, Islam F, Sameem M. Influence of nanotechnology on herbal drugs: A review. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2012;3:142-6.

Krishnasis C, Arun S, Sundaram R. Nano-technology in herbal medicines: A review. Int J Herb Med 2016;4:21-7.

Singh RP, Singh SG, Naik H, Jain D, Bisla S. Herbal excipients in novel drug delivery system. Int J Compr Pharm 2011;2:1-7.

Sungthongjeen S, Pitaksuteepong T, Somsiri A, Sriamornsak P. Studies on pectins as potential hydrogel matrices for controlled-release drug delivery. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 1999;25:1271-6.

Bonifácio BV, Silva PB, Ramos MA, Negri KM, Bauab TM, Chorilli M, et al. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems and herbal medicines: A review. Int J Nanomedicine 2014;9:1-5.

Chandirika JU, Sindhu R, Selvakumar S, Annadurai G. Herbal extract encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticle: A novel strategy for the treatment of urolithiasis. Indo Am J Pharm Sci 2018;5:1955-61.

Vani M, Amukta MA, Padmalatha K. Nanoparticles for herbal extracts. Asian J Pharm 2016;10:S54-60.

Martínez-Ballesta M, Gil-Izquierdo Á, García-Viguera C, Domínguez- Perles R. Nanoparticles and controlled delivery for bioactive compounds: Outlining challenges for new “smart-foods” for health. Foods 2018;7:e72.

Viktor N, Kalusevica A, Verica M, Steva L, Branko B. An overview of encapsulation technologies for food applications. Proc Food Sci 2011; 1:1806-15.

Lambert JD, Yang CS. Cancer chemopreventive activity and bioavailability of tea and tea polyphenols. Mutat Res 2003; 523 524:201 8.

Chen Z, Zhu QY, Tsang D, Huang Y. Degradation of green tea catechins in tea drinks. J Agric Food Chem 2001;49:477-82.

Mereles D, Hunstein W. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) for clinical trials: More pitfalls than promises? Int J Mol Sci 2011;12:5592-603.

Lambert JD, Lee MJ, Lu H, Meng X, Hong JJ, Seril DN, et al. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate is absorbed but extensively glucuronidated following oral administration to mice. J Nutr 2003;133:4172-7.

Cai ZY, Li XM, Liang JP, Xiang LP, Wang KR, Shi YL, et al. Bioavailability of tea catechins and its improvement. Molecules 2018; 23:e2346.

Lu H, Meng X, Li C, Sang S, Patten C, Sheng S, et al. Glucuronides of tea catechins: Enzymology of biosynthesis and biological activities. Drug Metab Dispos 2003;31:452-61.

Hong J, Lambert JD, Lee SH, Sinko PJ, Yang CS. Involvement of multidrug resistance-associated proteins in regulating cellular levels of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate and its methyl metabolites. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003;310:222-7.

Roberts JD, Roberts MG, Tarpey MD, Weekes JC, Thomas CH. The effect of a decaffeinated green tea extract formula on fat oxidation, body composition and exercise performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2015;12:1.

Chow HH, Hakim IA, Vining DR, Crowell JA, Ranger-Moore J, Chew WM, et al. Effects of dosing condition on the oral bioavailability of green tea catechins after single-dose administration of polyphenon E in healthy individuals. Clin Cancer Res 2005;11:4627-33.

Lin LC, Wang MN, Tseng TY, Sung JS, Tsai TH. Pharmacokinetics of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in conscious and freely moving rats and its brain regional distribution. J Agric Food Chem 2007;55:1517-24.

Catterall F, King LJ, Clifford MN, Ioannides C. Bioavailability of dietary doses of 3H-labelled tea antioxidants (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin in rat. Xenobiotica 2003;33:743-53.

Lambert JD, Sang S, Yang CS. Biotransformation of green tea polyphenols and the biological activities of those metabolites. Mol Pharm 2007;4:819-25.

Huo C, Wan SB, Lam WH, Li L, Wang Z, Landis-Piwowar KR, et al. The challenge of developing green tea polyphenols as therapeutic agents. Inflammopharmacology 2008;16:248-52.

Lambert JD, Sang S, Hong J, Kwon SJ, Lee MJ, Ho CT, et al. Peracetylation as a means of enhancing in vitro bioactivity and bioavailability of epigallocatechin-3-gallate. Drug Metab Dispos 2006; 34:2111-6.

Stalmach A, Mullen W, Steiling H, Williamson G, Lean ME, Crozier A, et al. Absorption, metabolism, and excretion of green tea flavan-3-ols in humans with an ileostomy. Mol Nutr Food Res 2010;54:323-34.

Stalmach A, Troufflard S, Serafini M, Crozier A. Absorption, metabolism and excretion of choladi green tea flavan-3-ols by humans. Mol Nutr Food Res 2009;53 Suppl 1:S44-53.

Friedman M, Levin CE, Lee SU, Kozukue N. Stability of green tea catechins in commercial tea leaves during storage for 6 months. J Food Sci 2009;74:H47-51.

Qin YZ, Anqi Z, David T, Yu H, Zhen-Yu C. Stability of green tea catechins. J Agric Food Chem 1997;45:4624-8.

Lestari AB, Trisusilawati MY. The effect of fumaric acid-sodium bicarbonate on the green tea effervescent granule’s quality made by dry granulation. Indones J Pharm 2010;21:209-17.

Krook MA, Hagerman AE. Stability of polyphenols epigallocatechin gallate and pentagalloyl glucose in a simulated digestive system. Food Res Int 2012;49:112-6.

Zhang L, Zheng Y, Chow MS, Zuo Z. Investigation of intestinal absorption and disposition of green tea catechins by caco-2 monolayer model. Int J Pharm 2004;287:1-2.

Owuor PO, Nyirenda HE, Wilson L. Influence of region of production on clonal black tea chemical characteristics. Food Chem 2008; 108:263 71.

Hirun S, Roach PD. A study of stability of (-)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) from green tea in a frozen product. Int Food Res J 2011; 18:1261-4.

Nurlaela E, Sugihartini N, Ikhsanudin A. Optimasi komposisi tween 80 dan span 80 sebagai emulgator dalam repelan minyak atsiri daun sere (Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf) terhadap nyamuk Aedes aegypti BETINA PADA basis vanishing cream dengan metode simplex lattice design. Pharmaciana 2012;2:41-54.

Prayong P, Weerapreeyakul N, Sripanidkulch B. Validation of isocratic eluting and stepwise flow rate gradient for HPLC determination of catechins, gallic acid and caffeine in tea. Science Asia 2007;33:113-17.

Thomson WN, Fudholi A, Sudarsono, Setyowati EP. Stability of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) from green tea (Camellia sinensis) and its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 and propionibacterium acnes ATCC 6919. Asian J Biol Sci 2015;8:93-101.

Hirun S, Roach PD. An improved solvent extraction method for the analysis of catechins and caffeine in green tea. J Food Nutr Res 2011;50:160-6.

Wang R, Zhou W, Wen RA. Kinetic study of the thermal stability of tea catechins in aqueous systems using a microwave reactor. J Agric Food Chem 2006;54:5924-32.

Tatsiana GS, Shantanu SB, Pranitha V. Layer-by-layer-coated gelatin nanoparticles as a vehicle for delivery of natural polyphenols. ACS Nano 2009;3:1877-85.

Siddiqui IA, Adhami VM, Bharali DJ, Hafeez BB, Asim M, Khwaja SI, et al. Introducing nanochemoprevention as a novel approach for cancer control: Proof of principle with green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin- 3-gallate. Cancer Res 2009;69:1712-6.

Ana PR, Marcos AE, Camila BT, Pietro C. Biomedical applications of nanotechnology. Biophys Rev 2017;9:79-89.

Rizvi SAA, Saleh AM. Applications of nanoparticle systems in drug delivery technology. Saudi Pharm J 2018;26:64-70.

Aura-Ileana M, Teresa G, Rosa-Elvira N, Laura-Susana A, Castaño V. Polymeric and ceramic nanoparticles in biomedical applications. J Nanotechnol 2012;1:10.

Alotaibi A, Bhatnagar P, Najafzadeh M, Gupta KC, Anderson D. Tea phenols in bulk and nanoparticle form modify DNA damage in human lymphocytes from colon cancer patients and healthy individuals treated in vitro with platinum-based chemotherapeutic drugs. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2013;8:389-401.

Elsabahy M, Wooley KL. Design of polymeric nanoparticles for biomedical delivery applications. Chem Soc Rev 2012;41:2545-61.

Yang CS, Wang X, Lu G, Picinich SC. Cancer prevention by tea: Animal studies, molecular mechanisms and human relevance. Nat Rev Cancer 2009;9:429-39.

Dube A, Nicolazzo JA, Larson I. Chitosan nanoparticles enhance the intestinal absorption of the green tea catechins (+)-catechin and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate. Eur J Pharm Sci 2010;41:219-25.

Manea AM, Andronescu C, Meghea A. Green tea extract loaded into solid lipid nanoparticles. UPB Sci Bull Series B 2014;76:125-36.

Wang S, Noh SK, Koo SI. Green tea catechins inhibit pancreatic phospholipase A(2) and intestinal absorption of lipids in ovariectomized rats. J Nutr Biochem 2006;17:492-8.

Gopal J, Muthu M, Paul D, Kim DH, Chun S. Bactericidal activity of green tea extracts: The importance of catechin containing nano particles. Sci Rep 2016;6:19710.

Chyu KY, Babbidge SM, Zhao X, Dandillaya R, Rietveld AG, Yano J, et al. Differential effects of green tea-derived catechin on developing versus established atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-null mice. Circulation 2004;109:2448-53.

De Pace RC, Liu X, Sun M, Nie S, Zhang J, Cai Q, et al. Anticancer activities of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate encapsulated nanoliposomes in MCF7 breast cancer cells. J Liposome Res 2013;23:187-96.

Barras A, Mezzetti A, Richard A, Lazzaroni S, Roux S, Melnyk P, et al. Formulation and characterization of polyphenol-loaded lipid nanocapsules. Int J Pharm 2009;379:270-7.

Wang S, Su R, Nie S, Sun M, Zhang J, Wu D, et al. Application of nanotechnology in improving bioavailability and bioactivity of diet-derived phytochemicals. J Nutr Biochem 2014;25:363-76.

Zhang J, Nie S, Wang S. Nanoencapsulation enhances epigallocatechin- 3-gallate stability and its antiatherogenic bioactivities in macrophages. J Agric Food Chem 2013;61:9200-9.

Pradeep P, Chulkyoon M, Sanghoon K, Liang J, Neeraja R. Nanotechnological approaches to enhance the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of green tea polyphenols. J Funct Foods 2017; 34:139-51.

Shi M, Shi YL, Li XM, Yang R, Cai ZY, Li QS, et al. Food-grade encapsulation systems for (-)-epigallocatechin gallate. Molecules 2018; 23:445.

Hong J, Lu H, Meng XF, Ryu JH, Hara Y, Yang CS. Stability, cellular uptake, biotransformation, and efflux of tea polyphenol (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in ht-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells. Cancer Res 2002;62:7241-6.

Dube A, Nicolazzo JA, Larson I. Chitosan nanoparticles enhance the plasma exposure of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate in mice through an enhancement in intestinal stability. Eur J Pharm Sci 2011;44:422-6.

Sharma RK, Shikha G, Shilpa M. Preparation of gold nanoparticles using tea: A green chemistry experiment. J Chem Educ 2012;89:1316 8.

Nune SK, Chanda N, Shukla R, Katti K, Kulkarni RR, Thilakavathi S, et al. Green nanotechnology from tea: Phytochemicals in tea as building blocks for production of biocompatible gold nanoparticles. J Mater Chem 2009;19:2912-20.

Hsieh DS, Wang H, Tan SW, Huang YH, Tsai CY, Yeh MK, et al. The treatment of bladder cancer in a mouse model by epigallocatechin-3- gallate-gold nanoparticles. Biomaterials 2011;32:7633-40.

Hearnden V, Sankar V, Hull K, Juras DV, Greenberg M, Kerr AR, et al. New developments and opportunities in oral mucosal drug delivery for local and systemic disease. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2012;64:16-28.

Dag D, Oztop MH. Formation and characterization of green tea extract loaded liposomes. J Food Sci 2017;82:463-70.

Zou LQ, Peng SF, Liu W, Gan L, Liu WL, Liang RH, et al. Improved in vitro, digestion stability of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate through nanoliposome encapsulation. Food Res Int 2014;64:492-9.

Fang JY, Lee WR, Shen SC, Huang YL. Effect of liposome encapsulation of tea catechins on their accumulation in basal cell carcinomas. J Dermatol Sci 2006;42:101-9.

Rashidinejad A, Birch EJ, Sun-Waterhouse D, Everett DW. Delivery of green tea catechin and epigallocatechin gallate in liposomes incorporated into low-fat hard cheese. Food Chem 2014;156:176-83.

Kazi AS, Tanzia T, Kazi M, Reza H, Mohammad S. Proceedings of the AAPS Annual Meeting and Exposition. Denver: Formulation and Optimization of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) Nano Drug Delivery System Using QbD Approach; 2016.

Chung JE, Tan S, Gao SJ, Yongvongsoontorn N, Kim SH, Lee JH, et al. Self-assembled micellar nanocomplexes comprising green tea catechin derivatives and protein drugs for cancer therapy. Nat Nanotechnol 2014; 9:907-12.

Tan S. Self Assembled Nanocomplexes Comprising of Green Tea Catechin Derivatives and Protein Drugs for Cancer Therapy. Ph.D Dissertation. London: Imperail College London; 2014.

Green Tea Based Nanocarrier Kills Cancer Cells More Effectively. Singapore: Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology Singapore; 2014. Available from: https://www.a-star.edu.sg/News-and-Events/News/Press-releases/ID/3640/IBN-develops-green-tea-based-missiles-to-kill-cancer-cells-more-effectively.aspx.

Kim YJ, Houng SJ, Kim JH, Kim YR, Ji HG, Lee SJ, et al. Nanoemulsified green tea extract shows improved hypocholesterolemic effects in C57BL/6 mice. J Nutr Biochem 2012;23:186-91.

Patricia BS, Giovana MF, João AO. Structural features and the anti-inflammatory effect of green tea extract-loaded liquid crystalline systems intended for skin delivery. Polymers 2017;9:1-19.

Attama AA, Momoh MA, Builders PF. Lipid Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Systems: A Revolution in Dosage form Design and Development. Rijeka, Croatia: Intech Open Access Publisher; 2012.

Published

07-05-2019

How to Cite

SATHEESH BABU NATARAJAN, SURIYAKALA PERUMAL CHANDRAN, ANJANEYULU VINUKONDA, and SENTHIL RAJAN D. “GREEN TEA CATECHIN LOADED NANODELIVERY SYSTEMS FOR THE TREATMENT OF PANDEMIC DISEASES”. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, vol. 12, no. 5, May 2019, pp. 1-7, doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i5.27308.

Issue

Section

Review Article(s)