ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERNS OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA CLINICAL ISOLATES AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN KATHMANDU, NEPAL
Abstract
Objective: Increasing  number of reports had documented the continued emergence of resistance among P. aeruginosa strains to common antimicrobial  drugs, world-wide. This study investigated the antimicrobial resistance patterns of P. aeruginosa clinical isolates obtained from hospitalized patients.
Methods: Between January 2012 and June 2012, one hundred and forty-five strains of P.aeruginosa were isolated from different clinical specimens   and fully characterized by standard bacteriological procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of each isolate was carried out by the Kirby- Bauer disk diffusion method as per guidelines of CLSI.
Results: Majority of isolates of P.aeruginosa (120, 83.75%) were obtained from specimens of pus, sputum, urine and tracheal aspirates. The isolated pathogens showed resistance to amikacin (17.25%), ciprofloxacin (27.59%) and cefoperazone -sulbactum (34.48%). Â Resistance rates to Co-trimoxazole, piperacillin, ceftriaxone and chloramphenicol varied from 51.00% to 73.00%. All the isolates were susceptible to imipenem. 30 (20.69%) of P.aeruginosa isolates were multi-drug resistant.
Conclusion: The results confirmed the occurrence  of drug resistant strains of P.aeruginosa. Imipenem, amikacin, and ciprofloxacin were found to be the most effective antimicrobial drugs. It therefore calls for a very judicious, rational treatment regimens prescription by the physicians to limit the further spread of antimicrobial resistance among the P.aeruginosa strains.
Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, clinical isolates, Nepal, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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