AMELIORATIVE EFFECT OF BAUHINIA VARIEGATA ON HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA-INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS IN RATS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i6.32440Keywords:
Oxidative stress,, Low-density lipoprotein,, Very low-density lipoproteins,, Cardiovascular diseasesAbstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of the methanolic extract of Bauhinia variegata (L.) stem bark in albino rats.
Methods: The coarsely powdered stem bark of B. variegata (L.) was extracted with methanol (BVMtE) and was finally filtered. The experimental animals were divided into five groups for the duration of 60 days: control group (Group I); high cholesterol diet (HCD)-fed group (Group II); BVME-treated (100 mg/g b. wt./day) HCD group (Group III); BVME-treated (200 mg/g b. wt./day) HCD group (Group IV); and atorvastatin-treated (40 μg/g b. wt./day) HCD group (Group V). Animals were sacrificed and blood and tissues were removed for biochemical and histological analysis.
Results: Oral BVMtE administration to high cholesterol diet (HCD)-fed rats significantly normalized the serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides (TGs), phospholipid, aspartate and alanine transaminase, and alkaline and acid phosphatase. Reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, as well as atherogenic index of BVMtE-treated HCD rats showed significant normalcy as compared to HCD-fed rats. The histoarchitecture of heart and aorta of BVMtE-treated HCD-fed rats depicted marked normalcy as compared to HCD rats. Phytochemical analysis showed that plant is rich in active constituents, i.e., flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, β-sitosterol, kaempferol-3-glucoside, and tannins.
Conclusions: B. variegata has proved lipid lowering as well as antioxidant activity in high cholesterol diet-fed animals.
Downloads
References
Azevedo CR, Maciel FM, Silva LB, Ferreira AT, da Cunha M, Machado OL, et al. Isolation and intracellular localization of insulin-like proteins from leaves of Bauhinia variegata. Braz J Med Biol Res 2006;39:1435-44.
Kapoor RB, Jayakar B, Anandan R, Kavimani S. Anti-ulcer effect of Bauhinia variegata Linn. In rats. J Nat Rem 2003;3 Suppl 2:215-7.
Ghaisas MM, Shaikh SA, Deshpandey AD. Evaluation of the immunomodulatory activity of ethanolic extract of the stem bark of Bauhinia variegata Linn. Int J Green Pharm 2009;3:70-4.
Saraswathy A, Gunalan G, Krishnamurthy V. In vitro antioxidant activity of Bauhinia variegata Linn. Leaves. J Pharm Res 2011;4 Suppl 10:3364-7.
Sayago CT, Camargo VB, Barbosa F, Gularte C, Pereira G, Miotto S, et al. Chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of hydro-ethanolic extracts from Bauhinia forficata subsp. Pruinosa and B. Variegata. Acta Biol Hung 2013;64:21-33.
Pandey AK, Ojha V, Yadav S, Sahu SK, Phytochemical evaluation and radical scavenging activity of Bauhinia variegata, Saraca asoka and Terminalia arjuna barks. Res J Phytochem 2011;5 Suppl 2:89-97.
Rao, Yerra K, Fang SH, Tzeng YM. Anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids and a triterpene caffeate isolated from Bauhinia variegata. Phytother Res 2008;22:957-62.
Pandey S, Agarwal RC. Effects of Bauhinia variegata bark extract on DMBA induced mouse skin carcinogenic: A preliminary study. Glob J Pharmacol 2009;3 Suppl 3:158-62.
Bodakhe SH, Ram A. Hepatoprotective properties of Bauhinia variegata bark extract. Yakugaku Zasshi 2007;127 Suppl 9:1503-7.
Rajkapoor B, Jayakar B, Murugesh N. Antitumour activity of Bauhinia variegata on Dalton’s ascetic lymphoma. J Ethnopharmacol 2003;89:107-9.
Sharma N, Bhardwaj R, Kumar S, Kaur S. Evaluations of Bauhinia variegata L. bark fractions for in vitro antioxidant potential and protective effect against H2O2-induced oxidative damage to pBR322 DNA. African J Pharm Pharmacol 2011;5 Suppl 12:1494-500.
Prashar Y, Kumar AS. Anti-obesity activity of Bauhinia variegata Linn. In high fat diet induced obesity in female rats. Pharmacologyonline 2010;2:1008-16.
Cechinel Filho V. Chemical composition and biological potential of plants from the genus Bauhinia. Phytother Res 2009;23 Suppl 10:1347-54.
Gupta AK, Vidyapati TJ, Chauhan JS. Chemical examination of the stem of Bauhinia variegata. Planta Med 1980;38 Suppl 2:174-6.
Lorke D. A new approach to practical acute toxicity testing. Arch Toxicol 1983;53:275-89.
Muramatsu K, Fukuyo M, Hara Y. Effect of green tea catechins on plasma cholesterol level in cholesterol-fed rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 1986;32 Suppl 6:613-22.
Xie W, Wang W, Su H, Xing D, Cai G, Du L, et al. Hypolipidemic mechanisms of Ananas comosus L. Leaves in mice: Different from fibrates but similar to statins. J Pharmacol Sci 2007;103:267-74.
Abbass A. Efficiency of some antioxidants in reducing cardio-metabolic risks in obese rats. J Am Sci 2011;7 Suppl 12:1146-59.
Lee KH, Park E, Lee HJ, Kim MO, Cha YJ, Kim JM, et al. Effects of daily quercetin-rich supplementation on cardiometabolic risks in male smokers. Nutr Res Pract 2011;5 Suppl 1:28-33.
Shinde S, Chivate N, Kulkarni P, Naikwade N. Hypolipidemic activity of Psidium guajava Linn leaves extracts in hyperlipidemic rats. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2013;5 Suppl 1:70-2.
Schafer FQ, Buettner GR. Redox environment of the cell as viewed through the redox state of the glutathione disulfide/glutathione couple. Free Radic Biol Med 2001;30 Suppl 11:1191-212.
Bonomini F, Tengattini S, Fabiano A, Bianchi R, Rezzani R. Atherosclerosis and oxidative stress. Histol Histopathol 2008;23:381-90.
Singh N, Dhalla AK, Seneviratne C, Singal PK. Oxidative stress and heart failure. Mol Cell Biochem 1995;147 Suppl 1:77-81.
Suanarunsawat T, Devakul Na Ayutthaya W, Songsak T, Thirawarapan S, Poungshompoo S. Antioxidant activity and lipid-lowering effect of essential oils extracted from Ocimum sanctum L. Leaves in rats fed with a high cholesterol diet. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2010;46 Suppl 1:52-9.
Jariyawat S, Kigpituck P, Suksen K, Chuncharunee A, Chaovanalikit A, Piyachaturawat P. Protection against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice by Curcuma comosa Roxb ethanol extract. J Nat Med 2009;63 Suppl 4:430-6.
Vincent HK, Powers SK, Dirks AJ, Scarpace PJ. Mechanism for obesity-induced increase in myocardial lipid peroxidation. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2001;25 Suppl 3:378-88.
Sharma H, Joshi A, Lad H, Bhatnagar D. Anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic effect of taurine on hypercholesterolemia induced atherosclerotic rats. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2018;10 Suppl 3:145-50.
Giboney PT. Mildly elevated liver transaminase levels in the asymptomatic patient. Am Fam Physician 2005;71 Suppl 6:1105-10.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.