PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION AND EVALUATION OF HYPOGLYCEMIC ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF MUNTINGIA CALABURA L STEM BARK AGAINST NORMAL AND STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i6.33254Keywords:
Muntingia calabura,, Phytochemical analysis,, Hypoglycemic activity,, streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats,, GlucometerAbstract
Objective: This research was attributed to the investigation of preliminary phytochemical constituents and evaluation of hypoglycemic activity of the methanolic extract of Muntingia calabura L stem bark against normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetes.
Methods: The investigation of preliminary phytochemical study includes a methanolic extract of M. calabura L was prepared through using Soxhlet apparatus. The methanolic extract was qualitatively analyzed to find out the plant secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, and sterols. The hypoglycemic activity was determined by streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Screening for hypoglycemic activity of the methanol extract was performed on albino Wistar rats, and glibenclamide (2.5 mg/kg, p. o.) was used as a reference standard for activity comparison. All the test samples were administered by the oral route.
Results: The preliminary phytochemical investigation of the methanolic extract of M. calabura L stem bark revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, and sterols as secondary metabolites. The methanolic extract of M. calabura L stem bark showed a significant reduction in blood glucose levels. The antihyperglycemic activity of M. calabura L extract may be due to the presence of several bioactive antidiabetic principles such as alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, and sterols.
Conclusion: The results indicate that the hypoglycemic activity of crude methanolic extract of M. calabura L stem bark has been proved; hence, there is ongoing research to isolate and characterize the bioactive compound(s) responsible for the antidiabetic activity of M. calabura L stem bark in in vivo animal studies.
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