PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND DETERMINATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITIES OF SUAEDA MONOICA
Keywords:
Suaeda monoica, Phytochemical analysis, Antibacterial activity, MDAMB-231, Anticancer activityAbstract
Objective: The aim of the study is to screen the whole plant extract of Suaeda monoica for its phytochemicals, determine its antibacterial and anticancer activities by sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay.
Methods: The powdered form of S. monoica with different solvents (ethanol, methanol, acetone, and diethyl ether) was used to screen its phytochemicals. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were performed using microdilution methods. Based on the results of MIC, the lowest concentration of antibacterial agent was subcultured on agar plates for MBC values. The zone of inhibition was determined using agar well diffusion method. The percentage of cell-growth inhibition for breast cancer cell line (MDAMB-231) was studied using SRB assay.
Results: The analysis revealed the presence of varied classes of phytochemicals except for acidic compounds with ethanol extract showing maximum compounds. All the extracts showed effective antibacterial activity against tested pathogens with MIC, MBC values ranging from 0.0156 to 0.625 mg/ml and 2.5 to 10 mg/ml, respectively. A significant zone of inhibition was observed with diethyl ether extract against Staphylococcus epidermis. The lowest concentration that showed 50% cell growth inhibition against MDAMB-231 was that of diethyl ether extract (60.18 μg/ml).
Conclusion: The present study depicts S. monoica as a natural source of bioactive compounds with significant antibacterial and anticancer activities. Further studies concerning the separation and isolation of the compounds are required.
Downloads
References
Veeresham C. Natural products derived from plants as a source of drugs. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2012;3:200-1.
Bindu AR, Rosemary J, Akhila S. Antimicrobial activity screening of M. Minuta extracts. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2014;6:581-3.
Scalbert A. Antimicrobial properties of tannins. Phytochemistry 1991;30:3875-83.
Cowan MM. Plant products as antimicrobial agents. Clin Microbiol Rev 1999;12:564-82.
Sathvika Ch, Swathi MS, Narasu ML. Anticancer activity on whole plant extracts of Sesuvium portulacastrum on estrogen receptor positive breast cancer cell line. Int J Res Eng Appl Manage 2018;4:711-5.
Minocha PK, Tiwari KP. A triterpenoidal saponin from roots of Acanthus ilicifolius. Phytochemistry 1981;20:135-7.
Patra JK, Mohapatra AD, Rath SK, Dhal NK, Thatoi H. Screening of antioxidant and antifilarial activity of leaf extracts of Excoecaria agallocha L. Int J Integr Biol 2009;7:9-15.
Ravikumar S, Gnanadesigan M, Seshserebiah J, Inbaneson SJ. Hepatoprotective effect of an Indian salt marsh herb Suaeda monoica Forsk. Ex. Gmel against concanavalin-A induced toxicity in rats. Life Sci Med Res 2010;2:1-9.
Satyavani K, Gurudeeban S, Ramanathan T, Balasubramanian T. Toxicity study of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Suaeda monoica on hep-2 cell line. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol 2012;4:35-9.
Ganesh S, Vennila JJ. Phytochemical analysis of Acanthus ilicifolius and Avicennia officinalis by GC-MS. Res J Phytochem 2011;5:60-5.
Ugochukwu SC, Uche A, Ifeanyi O. Preliminary phytochemical screening of different solvent extracts of stem bark and roots of Dennettia tripetala G. Baker. Asian J Plant Sci Res 2013;3:10-3.
Eloff JN. A sensitive and quick microplate method to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration of plant extracts for bacteria. Planta Med 1998;64:711-3.
M100-S9: Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). 9th International Supplement, M100-S9. Wayne PA: National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards; 1999.
Balouiri M, Sadiki M, Ibnsouda SK. Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review. J Pharm Anal 2016;6:71-9.
Orellana EA, Kasinski AL. Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay in cell culture to investigate cell proliferation. Bio Protoc 2016;6:e1984.
Vajrabhaya LO, Korsuwannawong S. Cytotoxicity evaluation of a Thai herb using tetrazolium (MTT) and sulforhodamine b (SRB) assays. Anal Sci Technol 2018;9:15.
Rajiv P, Deepa A, Vanathi P, Vidhya D. Screening for phytochemicals and ftir analysis of Myristica dactyloids fruit extracts. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2017;9:315-8.
Bandaranayake WM. Bioactivities, bioactive compounds and chemical constituents of mangrove plants. Wetl Ecol Manag 2002;10:421-52.
Bernhoft A, editor. A brief review. In: Bioactive Compounds in Plants Benefits and Risks for Man and Animals. Oslo, Norway: The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters; 2010. p. 11-7.
Bonev B, Hooper J, Parisot J. Principles of assessing bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics using the agar diffusion method. J Antimicrob Chemother 2008;61:1295-301.
Bano S, Siddiqui BS, Farooq AD, Begum S, Siddiqui F, Kashif M, et al. In vitro growth inhibition and cytotoxicity of Euphorbia caducifolia against four human cancer cell lines and its phytochemical characterisation. Nat Prod Res 2017;31:2936-40.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.