NIGELLA SATIVA AND ITS ACTIVE CONSTITUENTS THYMOQUINONE SHOWS PIVOTAL ROLE IN THE DISEASES PREVENTION AND TREATMENT
Abstract
Â
Medicinal plants and its constituents used as therapeutics drugs in the health management since ancient time and large population of the world relies
on traditional medicine for primary health treatment. However, medicinal plant has opened a new window of research in diseases prevention and
treatment due to safe, affordable and easy to access properties. In this vista, Nigella sativa (NS) are commonly used as traditional medicines worldwide
in the disease prevention due to less side-effect and affordable properties. NS and its constituents are a rich source of antioxidant, an influential free
radical scavenger and also modulator of various biological activities. In this review, we summarized the therapeutics effects of black seed and its
constituents in the diseases treatment and prevention through modulation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, hepato-protective and other
genetic activities.
Keywords: Nigella sativa, Therapy, Genetic activities, Antioxidant.
Downloads
References
Rahmani AH, Albutti AS, Aly SM. Therapeutics role of olive fruits/oil in the prevention of diseases via modulation of anti-oxidant, anti-tumour and genetic activity. Int J Clin Exp Med 2014;7(4):799-808.
Rahmani AH, Shabrmi FM, Aly SM. Active ingredients of ginger as potential candidates in the prevention and treatment of diseases via modulation of biological activities. Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol 2014;6(2):125-36.
Rahmani AH, Aly SM, Ali H, Babiker AY, Srikar S, Khan AA. Therapeutic effects of date fruits (Phoenix dactylifera) in the prevention of diseases via modulation of anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-tumour activity. Int J Clin Exp Med 2014;7(3):483-91.
Randhawa MA, Alghamdi MS. Anticancer activity of Nigella sativa (black seed) - A review. Am J Chin Med 2011;39:1075-91.
Ali BH, Blunden G. Pharmacological and toxicological properties of Nigella sativa. Phytother Res 2003;17(4):299-305.
Khan MA, Chen HC, Tania M, Zhang DZ. Anticancer activities of Nigella sativa (black cumin). Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2011;8 5 Suppl:226-32.
Al-Jassir MS. Chemical composition and microflora of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seeds growing in Saudi Arabia. Food Chem 1992;45:239-42.
Badary OA, Taha RA, Gamal el-Din AM, Abdel-Wahab MH. Thymoquinone is a potent superoxide anion scavenger. Drug Chem Toxicol 2003;26(2):87-98.
Nagi MN, Mansour MA. Protective effect of thymoquinone against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats: a possible mechanism of protection. Pharmacol Res 2000;41(3):283-9.
Gali-Muhtasib H, Roessner A, Schneider-Stock R. Thymoquinone: a promising anti-cancer drug from natural sources. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2006;38(8):1249-53.
Rahmani AH, Alzohairy MA, Khan MA, Aly SM. Therapeutic implications of black seed and its constituent thymoquinone in the prevention of cancer through inactivation and activation of molecular pathways. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2014;2014:724658.
Musa D, Dilsiz N, Gumushan H, Ulakoglu G, Bitiren M. Antitumor activity of an ethanol extractof Nigella sativa seeds. Biol Bratislava 2004;59(6):735-40.
Al-Bukhari MI. In: Al-Bukhari S, editor. The Collection of Authentic Sayings of Prophet Mohammad (Peace be Upon Him), Division 71 on Medicine. 2nd ed. Ankara, Turkey: Hilal Yayinlari; 1976.
Worthen DR, Ghosheh OA, Crooks PA. The in vitro anti-tumor activity of some crude and purified components of blackseed, Nigella sativa L. Anticancer Res 1998;18(3A):1527-32.
Sharma PC, Yelne MB, Dennis TJ. Database on medicinal plants used in Ayurveda. New Delhi: 2005:420-40.
Kalus U, Pruss A, Bystron J, Jurecka M, Smekalova A, Lichius JJ, et al. Effect of Nigella sativa (black seed) on subjective feeling in patients with allergic diseases. Phytother Res 2003;17(10):1209-14.
El-Abhar HS, Abdallah DM, Saleh S. Gastroprotective activity of Nigella sativa oil and its constituent, thymoquinone, against gastric mucosal injury induced by ischaemia/reperfusion in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2003;84(2-3):251-8.
Nagi MN, Alam K, Badary OA, Al-Shabanah OA, Al-Sawaf HA, Al-Bekairi AM. Thymoquinone protects against carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity in mice via an antioxidant mechanism. Biochem Mol Biol Int 1999;47(1):153-9.
al-Shabanah OA, Badary OA, Nagi MN, al-Gharably NM, al-Rikabi AC, al-Bekairi AM. Thymoquinone protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity without compromising its antitumor activity. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 1998;17(2):193-8.
Baynes JW. Role of oxidative stress in development of complications in diabetes. Diabetes 1991;40(4):405-12.
Harzallah HJ, Grayaa R, Kharoubi W, Maaloul A, Hammami M, Mahjoub T. Thymoquinone the Nigella sativa bioactive compound, prevents circulatory oxidative stress caused by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in erythrocyte during colon postinitiation carcinogenesis. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2012;2012:854065.
Abdel-Wahab WM. Protective effect of thymoquinone on sodium fluoride-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in rats. J Basic Appl Zool 2013;5:263-70.
Burits M, Bucar F. Antioxidant activity of Nigella sativa essential oil. Phytother Res 2000;14(5):323-8.24. Meziti A, Meziti H, Boudiaf K, Mustapha B, Bouriche H. Polyphenolic profile and antioxidant activities of Nigella sativa seed extracts in vitro and in vivo. World Acad Sci Eng Technol 2012;64:24-32.
Bourgou S, Pichette A, Marzouk B, Legault J. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antibacterial activities of extracts from Nigella sativa (black cumin) plant parts. J Food Biochem 2012;36:539-46.
Bashir MU, Qureshi HJ. Analgesic effect of Nigella sativa seeds extract on experimentally induced pain in albino mice. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2010;20(7):464-7.
Al-Ghamdi MS. The anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity of Nigella sativa. J Ethnopharmacol 2001;76(1):45-8.
Tanko Y, Mohammed A, Okasha MA, Shuaibu A, Magaji MG, Yaro AH. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanol seed extract of Nigella sativa (black cumin) in mice and rats. Eur J Sci Res 2007;18:277-81.
El Mezayen R, El Gazzar M, Nicolls MR, Marecki JC, Dreskin SC, Nomiyama H. Effect of thymoquinone on cyclooxygenase expression and prostaglandin production in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. Immunol Lett 2006;106(1):72-81.
Tekeoglu I, Dogan A, Demiralp L. Effects of thymoquinone (volatile oil of black cumin) on rheumatoid arthritis in rat models. Phytother Res 2006;20(10):869-71.
Hajhashemi V, Ghannadi A, Jafarabadi H. Black cumin seed essential oil, as a potent analgesic and antiinflammatory drug. Phytother Res 2004;18(3):195-9.
Khazaei M, Salehi H. Protective effect of falcaria vulgaris extract on ethanol induced gastric ulcer in rat. Iran J Pharmcol Ther 2006;5:43-6.
Kanter M, Demir H, Karakaya C, Ozbek H. Gastroprotective activity of Nigella sativa L oil and its constituent, thymoquinone against acute alcohol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats. World J Gastroenterol 2005;11(42):6662-6.
Tsuji S, Kawano S, Sato N, Kamada T. Mucosal blood flow stasis and hypoxemia as the pathogenesis of acute gastric mucosal injury: role of endogenous leukotrienes and prostaglandins. J Clin Gastroenterol 1990;12 Suppl 1:S85-91.
Zaidi SF, Yamada K, Kadowaki M, Usmanghani K, Sugiyama T. Bactericidal activity of medicinal plants, employed for the treatment of gastrointestinal ailments, against Helicobacter pylori. J Ethnopharmacol 2009;121:286-91.
El-Dakhakhny M, Barakat M, El-Halim MA, Aly SM. Effects of Nigella sativa oil on gastric secretion and ethanol induced ulcer in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2000;72 1-2:299-304.
Arslan O, Ethem G, Ferah A, Omer C, Ahmet G, Hale S, et al. The protective effect of thymoquinone on ethanol-induced acute gastric damage in the rat. Nutr Res 2005;25:673-80.
Abdel-Sater KA. Gastroprotective effects of Nigella Sativa oil on the formation of stress gastritis in hypothyroidal rats. Int J Physiol Pathophysiol Pharmacol 2009;1(2):143-49.
Akhtar AM, Ahmad KD, Gilani SN, Nazir A. Antiulcer effects of aqueous extracts of Nigella sativa and Pongamia pinnata in rats. Fitoterpia 1996;57:195-9.
Zaman R, Akhtar MS, Khan MS. Gastroprotective and anti-secretary effect of Nigella sativa seed and its extracts in indomethacin-treated rats. Pak J Biol Sci 2004;7:995-1000.
Gani MS, John SA. Evaluation of hepatoprotective effect of Nigella Sativa L. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2013;5:428-30.
Kanter M, Coskun O, Budancamanak M. Hepatoprotective effects of Nigella sativa L and Urtica dioica L on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme systems and liver enzymes in carbon tetrachloride-treated rats. World J Gastroenterol 2005;11(42):6684-8.
EL-Kholy WM, Hassan AH, Nour SE, Elmageed ZE, Matrougui K. Hepatoprotective effects of Nigella sativa and bees honey on hepatotoxicity induced by administration of sodium nitrite and sunset yellow. FASEB J 2009;23:733.2. [Meeting Abstract Supplement].
Hassan AS, Ahmed JH, Al-Haroon SS. A study of the effect of Nigella sativa (Black seeds) in isoniazid (INH)-induced hepatotoxicity in rabbits. Indian J Pharmacol 2012;44:678-82.
El-Gharieb MA, El-Masry TA, Emara AM, HashemMA. Potential hepatoprotective effects of vitamin E and Nigella sativa oil on hepatotoxicity induced by chronic exposure to malathion in human and male albino rats. Toxicol Environ Chem 2010;92:391-40.
Mansour MA, Ginawi OT, El-Hadiyah T, El-Khatib AS, Al-Shabanah OA, Al-Sawaf HA. Effects of volatile oil constituents of Nigella sativa on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in mice: evidence for antioxidant effects of thymoquinone. Res Commun Mol Pathol Pharmacol 2001;110(3-4):239-51.
Daba MH, Abdel-Rahman MS. Hepatoprotective activity of thymoquinone in isolated rat hepatocytes. Toxicol Lett 1998;95(1):23-9.
Mansour MA. Protective effects of thymoquinone and desferrioxamine against hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride in mice. Life Sci 2000;66(26):2583-91.
Ebru U, Burak U, Yusuf S, Reyhan B, Arif K, Faruk TH, et al. Cardioprotective effects of Nigella sativa oil on cyclosporine A-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2008;103(6):574-80.
Randhawa MA, Alghamdi MS, Maulik SK. The effect of thymoquinone, an active component of Nigella sativa, on isoproterenol induced myocardial injury. Pak J Pharm Sci 2013;26(6):1215-9.
Ahmed MA, Hassanein KM. Cardio protective effects of Nigella sativa oil on lead induced cardio toxicity: Antiinflammatory and antioxidant mechanism. J Physiol Pathophysiol 2013;4:72-80.
Javanbakht J, Hobbenaghi R, Hosseini E, Bahrami AM, Khadivar F, Fathi S, et al. Histopathological investigation of neuroprotective effects of Nigella sativa on motor neurons anterior horn spinal cord after sciatic nerve crush in rats. Pathol Biol (Paris) 2013;61(6):250-3.
Hobbenaghi R, Javanbakht J, Sadeghzadeh S, Kheradmand D, Abdi FS, et al. Neuroprotective effects of Nigella sativa extract on cell death in hippocampal neurons following experimental global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. J Neurol Sci 2014;337:74-9.
Akhtar M, Maikiyo AM, Najmi AK, Khanam R, Mujeeb M, Aqil M. Neuroprotective effects of chloroform and petroleum ether extracts of Nigella sativa seeds in stroke model of rat. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2013;5(2):119-25.
Ullah I, Ullah N, Naseer MI, Lee HY, Kim MO. Neuroprotection with metformin and thymoquinone against ethanol-induced apoptotic neurodegeneration in prenatal rat cortical neurons. BMC Neurosci 2012;13:11.
Mousavi SH, Tayarani-Najaran Z, Asghari M, Sadeghnia HR. Protective effect of Nigella sativa extract and thymoquinone on serum/glucose deprivation-induced PC12 cells death. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2010;30(4):591-8.
Sedaghat R, Roghani M, Khalili M. Neuroprotective effect of thymoquinone, the Nigella sativa bioactive compound, in 6-hydroxydopamine-induced hemi-parkinsonian rat model. Iran J Pharm Res 2014;13(1):227-34.
Al-Majed AA, Al-Omar FA, Nagi MN. Neuroprotective effects of thymoquinone against transient forebrain ischemia in the rat hippocampus. Eur J Pharmacol 2006;543(1-3):40-7.
Ali BH. The effect of Nigella sativa oil on gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats. Am J Chin Med 2004;32(1):49-55.
Yaman I, Balikci E. Protective effects of Nigella sativa against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Exp Toxicol Pathol 2010;62(2):183-90.
Begum NA, Dewan ZF, Nahar N, Mamun MI. Effect of n-hexane extract of Nigella sativa on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Bangladesh J Pharmacol 2006;1:16-20.
Basarslan F, Yilmaz N, Ates S, Ozgur T, Tutanc M, Motor VK, et al. Protective effects of thymoquinone on vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2012;31(7):726-33.
Badary OA, Nagi MN, al-Shabanah OA, al-Sawaf HA, al-Sohaibani MO, al-Bekairi AM. Thymoquinone ameliorates the nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin in rodents and potentiates its antitumor activity. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 1997;75(12):1356-61.
Ammar el-SM, Gameil NM, Shawky NM, Nader MA. Comparative evaluation of anti-inflammatory properties of thymoquinone and curcumin using an asthmatic murine model. Int Immunopharmacol 2011;11(12):2232-6.
El Gazzar M, El Mezayen R, Marecki JC, Nicolls MR, Canastar A, Dreskin SC. Anti-inflammatory effect of thymoquinone in a mouse model of allergic lung inflammation. Int Immunopharmacol 2006;6(7):1135-42.
Kanter M. Thymoquinone reestablishes spermatogenesis after testicular injury caused by chronic toluene exposure in rats. Toxicol Ind Health 2011;27(2):155-66.
Mukhalad AM, Mohamad MJ, Darka H. Effects of black seeds (Nigella sativa) on spermatogenesis and fertility of male albino rats. Res J Med Med Sci 2009;4:386-90.
Agarwal C, Narula A, Vyas DK, Jacob D. Effect of seeds of kalaunji on fertility and sialic acid content of the reproductive organs of male rat. Geo Bios 1990;17:269-72.
Parandin R, Yousofvand N, Ghorbani R. The enhancing effects of alcoholic extract of Nigella sativa seed on fertility potential, plasma gonadotropins and testosterone in male rats. Iran J Reprod Med
Asian J Pharm Clin Res, Vol 8, Issue 1, 2015, 48-53
Rahmani and Aly
;10(4):355-62.
Al-Sa’aidi JA, Al-Khuzai AL, Al-Zobaydi NF. Effect of alcoholic extract of Nigella sativa on fertility in male rats. Iraqi J Vet Sci 2009;23 Suppl II:123-8.
Arici M, Sagdic O, Gecgel U. Antibacterial effect of Turkish black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) oils. Grasas y Aceites 2005;56:259-62.
Hannan A, Saleem S, Chaudhary S, Barkaat M, Arshad MU. Antibacterial activity of Nigella sativa against clinical isolates of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2008;20:72-4.
Hosseinzadeh H, Bazzaz BS, Haghi MM. Antibacterial activity of total extracts and essential oil of Nigella Sativa L. seeds in mice. Pharmacol online 2007;2:429-35.
Morsi NM. Antimicrobial effect of crude extracts of Nigella sativa on multiple antibiotics-resistant bacteria. Acta Microbiol Pol 2000;49(1):63-74.
Rathee PS, Mishra SH, Kaushal R. Antimicrobial activity of essential oil, fixed oil and unsaponified matter of Nigella sativa L. Indian J Pharmacol 1982;44:8-10.
Hanafy MS, Hatem ME. Studies on the antimicrobial activity of Nigella sativa seed (black cumin). J Ethnopharmacol 1991;34(2-3):275-8.
Ferdous AJ, Islam SN, Ahsan M, Hasan CM, Ahmed ZU. In vitro antibacterial activity of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds against multiple drug resistance isolated of Shigella spp. and isolated of Vibrio chloerae and isolated of Escherichia coli. Phytother Res 1992;6:137-40.
Salman MT, Khan RA, Shukla I. Antimicrobial activity of Nigella sativa Linn. seed oil against multi-drug resistant bacteria from clinical isolates. Nat Prod Radiance 2008;7:10-4.
Al-Qurashi AR, Akhtar N, Al-Jabre S, AL-Akloby O, Randhawa MA. Anti-fungal activity of thymoquinone and amphotericine B against Aspergillus Niger. Sci J King Faisal Univ Basic Appl Sci 2007;8:143-9.
Aljabre SH, Randhawa MA, Akhtar N, Alakloby OM, Alqurashi AM, Aldossary A. Antidermatophyte activity of ether extract of Nigella sativa and its active principle, thymoquinone. J Ethnopharmacol 2005;101(1-3):116-9.
Bamosa AO, Kaatabi H, Lebdaa FM, Elq AM, Al-Sultanb A. Effect of Nigella sativa seeds on the glycemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2010;54(4):344-54.
Bamosa A, Ali BA, Sowayan S. Effect of oral ingestion of Nigella sativa seeds on some blood parameters. Saudi Pharmacol J 1997;5:126-9.
Kanter M. Protective effects of thymoquinone on β-cell damagein streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Tıp Araştırmaları Derg 2009;7:64-70.
Meddah B, Ducroc R, El Abbes Faouzi M, Eto B, Mahraoui L, Benhaddou-Andaloussi A, et al. Nigella sativa inhibits intestinal glucose absorption and improves glucose tolerance in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2009;121(3):419-24.
Al-Logmani A, Zari T. Long-term effects of Nigella sativa L. oil on some physiological parameters in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Diabetes Mellitus 2011;1:46-53.
el Tahir KE, Ashour MM, al-Harbi MM. The cardiovascular actions of the volatile oil of the black seed (Nigella sativa) in rats: elucidation of the mechanism of action. Gen Pharmacol 1993;24(5):1123-31.
Dehkordi FR, Kamkhah AF. Antihypertensive effect of Nigella sativa seed extract in patients with mild hypertension. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2008;22(4):447-52.
Leong XF, Rais Mustafa M, Jaarin K. Nigella sativa and its protective role in oxidative stress and hypertension. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2013;2013:120732.
Houghton PJ, Zarka R, de las Heras B, Hoult JR. Fixed oil of Nigella sativa and derived thymoquinone inhibit eicosanoid generation in leukocytes and membrane lipid peroxidation. Planta Med 1995;61(1):33-6.
Haq A, Lobo PI, Al-Tufail M, Rama NR, Al-Sedairy ST. Immunomodulatory effect of Nigella sativa proteins fractionated by ion exchange chromatography. Int J Immunopharmacol 1999;21(4):283-95.
Haq A, Abdullatif M, Lobo PI, Khabar KS, Sheth KV, al-Sedairy ST. Nigella sativa: effect on human lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear leukocyte phagocytic activity. Immunopharmacology 1995;30(2):147-55.
Hmza AJ, Osman MT, Adnan A, Omar E. Immunomodulatory effect of Nigella sativa oil in the disease process of type 1 diabetic rats. Res J Pharm Biol Chem Sci 2013;4:980-8.
Talib WH, Abukhader MM. Combinatorial effects of thymoquinone on the anticancer activity and hepatotoxicity of the prodrug CB 1954. Sci Pharm 2013;81(2):519-30.
Woo CC, Loo SY, Gee V, Yap CW, Sethi G, Kumar AP, et al. Anticancer activity of thymoquinone in breast cancer cells: possible involvement of PPAR-? pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 2011;82(5):464-75.
Attoub S, Sperandio O, Raza H, Arafat K, Al-Salam S, Al Sultan MA, et al. Thymoquinone as an anticancer agent: evidence from inhibition of cancer cells viability and invasion in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2013;27(5):557-69.
Al-Sheddi ES, Farshori NN, Al-Oqail MM, Musarrat J, Al-Khedhairy AA, Siddiqui MA. Cytotoxicity of Nigella sativa seed oil and extract against human lung cancer cell line. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014;15(2):983-7.
Peng L, Liu A, Shen Y, Xu HZ, Yang SZ, Ying XZ, et al. Antitumor and anti-angiogenesis effects of thymoquinone on osteosarcoma through the NF-κB pathway. Oncol Rep 2013;29:571-8.
Sethi G, Ahn KS, Aggarwal BB. Targeting nuclear factor-κB activation pathway by thymoquinone: Role in suppression of antiapoptotic gene products and enhancement of apoptosis. Mol Cancer Res 2008;6:1059-70.
Arafa el-SA, Zhu Q, Shah ZI, Wani G, Barakat BM, Racoma I, et al. Thymoquinone up-regulates PTEN expression and induces apoptosis in doxorubicin-resistant human breast cancer cells. Mutat Res 2011;706(1-2):28-35.
Wu ZH, Chen Z, Shen Y, Huang LL, Jiang P. Anti-metastasis effect of thymoquinone on human pancreatic cancer. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2011;46(8):910-4.
Gali-Muhtasib H, Diab-Assaf M, Boltze C, Al-Hmaira J, Hartig R, Roessner A, et al. Thymoquinone extracted from black seed triggers apoptotic cell death in human colorectal cancer cells via a p53-dependent mechanism. Int J Oncol 2004;25:857-66.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.