ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT OF ESSENTIAL OILS, AND EXTRACT DETERMINED FROM NATURAL LEAVES, IN-VITRO LEAVES, AND CALLUS SOURCES OF MELALEUCA ALTERNIFOLIA – A COMPARATIVE STUDY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2021.v14i1.39338Keywords:
Melaleuca alternifolia, Essential oil, Hydrodistillation, Total phenolic content, 1-Diphenyl 2-picrylhyorazylAbstract
Objectives: Essential oil and their compounds are getting increasing interest due to their multipurpose functional as alternatives to artificial preservatives. The aim of this study was focused to comparative analyses on hydrodistillation, total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity of essential oil derived from Melaleuca alternifolia (M. alternifolia) leaves procured from natural leaves, in-vitro leaves, and callus sources.
Methods: The essential oil was extracted using hydrodistillation. The Folin-Ciocalteu method was used to determine the TPC equivalent and antioxidant activity of essential oils.
Results: TPC of essential oil from in-vitro sources of leaves contained 14.79 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry plant material and its IC50 value was found to be 70% in 1-diphenyl 2-picrylhyorazyl assay. Thus, this source of essential oil showed good free radical scavenging activity.
Conclusion: The estimated biological potential was obtained in the essential oil from in-vitro sources of leaves M. alternifolia.
Downloads
References
Satchell AC, Saurajen A, Bell C, Barnetson RS. Treatment of dandruff with 5% tea tree oil shampoo. J Am Acad Dermatol 2002;47:852-5.
Hammer K, Carson C, Riley T. Antifungal activity of the components of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil. J Appl Microbiol 2003;95:853-60.
Humphery EM. A new Australian germicide. Med J Aust 1930;1:417-8.
Penfold AR, Morrison FR. Bulletin No. 14. Part 1: Australian Tea Trees of Economic Value. 3rd ed. Sydney, Australia: Thomas Henry Tennant, Government Printer; 1946.
Lahkar S, Das MK, Bora S. An overview on tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil. Int J Pharm Phytopharmacol Res 2013;3:250-3.
Kim HJ, Chen F, Wu C, Wang X, Chung HY, Jin Z. Evaluation of antioxidant activity of Australian tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil and its components. J Agric Food Chem 2004;52:2849-54.
Carson CF, Hammer KA, Riley TV. Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil: A review of antimicrobial and other medicinal properties. Clin Microbiol Rev 2006;19:50-62.
Brophy JJ, Davies NW, Southwell IA, Stiff IA, Williams LR. Gas chromatographic quality control for oil of Melaleuca terpinen-4-ol Type (Australian tea tree). J Agric Food Chem 1989;37:1330-5.
Carson CF, Ashton L, Dry L, Smith DW, Riley TV. Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil gel (6%) for the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2001;48:450-1.
Vazquez JA, Zawawi AA. Efficacy of alcohol-based and alcohol-free Melaleuca oral solution for the treatment of fluconazole-refractory oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients with AIDS. HIV Clin Trials 2002;3:379-85.
Rao RS, Ravishankar G. Plant cell cultures: Chemical factories of secondary metabolites. Biotechnol Adv 2002;20:101-53.
Southwell IA, Hayes AJ, Markham JL, Leach DN. The search for optimally bioactive Australian tea tree oil. Acta Hort 1993;334:265-75.
Ibrahim MM, Al Sahli AA, Alaraidh IA, Al-Homaidan AA, Mostafa EM, El-Gaaly GA. Assessment of antioxidant activities in roots of Miswak (Salvadora persica) plants grown at two different locations in Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2015;22:168-75.
Williams BW, Cuvelier ME, Berset C. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT Food Sci Technol 1995;28:25-30.
Bouaziz M, Yangui T, Sayadi S, Dhouib A. Disinfectant properties of essential oils from Salvia officinalis L. cultivated in Tunisia. Food Chem Toxicol 2009;47:2755-60.
Kapoor LD, Singh A, Kapoor SL, Srivastava SN. Survey of Indian plants for saponins, alkaloids and flavonoids. Lloydia 1969;32:297-304.
Tchabo W, Ma Y, Engmann FN, Zhang H. Ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction (UAEE) of phytochemical compounds from mulberry (Morus nigra) must and optimization study using response surface methodology. Ind Crops Prod 2015;63:214-25.
Hou W, Zhang W, Chen G, Luo Y. Optimization of extraction conditions for maximal phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidant activity from Melaleuca bracteata leaves using the response surface methodology. PLoS One 2016;11:e0162139.
Lee KG, Shibamoto T. Antioxidant property of aroma extract isolated from clove buds [Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. et Perry]. Food Chem 2001;74:443-8.
Chaillou HI, Nazareno M. New method to determine antioxidant activity of polyphenols. J Agric Food Chem 2006;54:8397-402.
Aldo G, Timpanaro R, Benedetta B, Maria FP, Giuseppe B, Castro A. In vitro antiviral activity of Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil. Lett Appl Microbiol 2009;49:806-8.
Terzi V, Morcia C, Faccioli P, Valè G, Tacconi G, Malnati M. In vitro antifungal activity of the tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) essential oil and its major components against plant pathogens. Lett Appl Microbiol 2007;44:613-8.
Lan YW, Wen CH, Tian AS, Rong D, Yanping L. Chemical composition, antioxidant and bioactivities of essential oils from Melaleuca bracteata leaves. Plant Prot Sci 2020;56:18-29.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2020 Jeyakani M, Rajalakshmi Manikkam
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.