ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF BACILLUS SPP. ISOLATED FROM CALOTROPIS PROCERA AIT. RHIZOSPHERE AGAINST CANDIDA ALBICANS
Abstract
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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the antifungal activity of a microbial strain isolated from a non-exploited habitat (southeast region of
Morocco) against Candida albicans.
Methods: The antifungal producing strains were isolated from the rhizosphere of Calotropis procera Ait. The isolate (Cp-LMA-9) was selected based
on the primary antimicrobial screening. The optimization of the culture media for an antifungal production, and the extraction of bioactive metabolites
were performed. The bioautography and a partial characterization of these metabolites were also done.
Results: Based on the molecular identification, it was identified as Bacillus spp. with a similarity percentage of 98% with Bacillus tequilensis and
Bacillus subtilis. The maximum antifungal production against C. albicans was observed with malt extract-yeast extract-agar by solid-state fermentation
and malt extract-yeast extract-broth under stationary conditions. Antifungal fraction was extracted successfully from the solid-state fermentation by
acetone and methanol. It maintained the anti-Candida activity after heat treatment (autoclaving at 121°C for 15 minutes and boiling for 30 minutes),
within a pH range of 2-10, and after treatment with proteolytic enzymes.
Conclusion: The bacterium isolated and selected exhibit a remarkable antifungal effect against C. albicans. The resistance of the antifungal metabolites
extracted to heat, alkaline, and acidic conditions and to proteolitic enzymes making theme a promising antifungal compounds for the control of
Candida infections.
Keywords: Antifungal activity, Bacillus spp, C. albicans, Rhizosphere, Molecular identification.
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