ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE, MECA GENE DETECTION, AND BIOFILM FORMATION ABILITY AMONG COAGULASE-NEGATIVE STAPHYLOCOCCI IN CANCER PATIENTS

DILSHA TK; SAJANI SAMUEL; PARTHIBAN RUDRAPATHY; SARAVANAN MURUGESAN; SARATH KE

doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2022.v15i1.43416

Authors

DILSHA TK Department of Biotechnology, M S Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
SAJANI SAMUEL Department of Clinical Laboratory Services and Translational Research, Microbiology Division, Malabar Cancer Centre, Kannur, Kerala, India.
PARTHIBAN RUDRAPATHY Department of Clinical Laboratory Services and Translational Research, Microbiology Division, Malabar Cancer Centre, Kannur, Kerala, India.
SARAVANAN MURUGESAN Department of Clinical Laboratory Services and Translational Research, Microbiology Division, Malabar Cancer Centre, Kannur, Kerala, India.
SARATH KE Department of Clinical Laboratory Services and Translational Research, Microbiology Division, Malabar Cancer Centre, Kannur, Kerala, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2022.v15i1.43416

Keywords:

Coagulase- Negative bacteria, Biofilm, Nosocomial Infection

Abstract

Objective: The objective of the study was to identify coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) from various clinical samples and to determine the antibiotic resistance of the isolates by means of automation (VITEK-2), as well as to detect biofilm formation using Congo red agar method and to detect mecA gene by automated identification method (VITEK-2).

Methods: All the clinical samples (blood, urine, sputum, BAL, throat swab, wound swab, aspirated fluid, pleural fluid, and pus) received in the microbiology laboratory were processed by aseptic techniques. Clinical samples were inoculated on appropriate media (blood agar, MacConkey agar, and chocolate agar [HIMEDIA]). After inoculation, the culture plates were incubated at 37°C aerobically for 18–24 h for growth. Positive cultures were picked up and further bacterial species identification was done using automated techniques (MALDI- TOF).

Results: Among 28 isolates, the most recurrent strains of CoNS are Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus lugdunensis, and Staphylococcus haemolyticus. The assessment of antibacterial drugs sensitivity shows that all the isolates were more sensitive to daptomycin (S. epidermidis 100%, S. hominis 100%, S. lugdunensis 100%, and S. haemolyticus 42.85%) followed by linezolid (S. epidermidis [69.23%], S. hominis [100%], S. lugdunensis [100%], and S. haemolyticus [57.14%]) and vancomycin (S. epidermidis [100%], S. hominis [40%], S. lugdunensis [100%], S. haemolyticus [42.85%]). The analysis revealed the presence of the mecA gene (67.85%) and biofilm production (85.71%), respectively.

Conclusion: Our data indicate that the hospital environment can be colonized by biofilm forming CoNS and transmission of these strains can cause an increased risk of serious nosocomial infections.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Shrestha LB, Bhattarai NR, Khanal B. Antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation among coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from clinical samples at a tertiary care hospital of Eastern Nepal. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2017;6:89.

Dauner DG, Nelson RE, Taketa DC. Ceftobiprole: A novel, broad-spectrum cep shalosporin with activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Am J Health Syst Pharm 2010;67:983-93.

Kitti T, Seng R, Saiprom N, Thummeepak R, Chantratita N, Boonlao C, et al. Molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant staphylococci clinical isolates from a tertiary Hospital in Northern Thailand. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol 2018;2018:8457012.

Becker K, Heilmann C, Peters G. Coagulase-negative staphylococci. Clin Microbiol Rev 2014;27:870-926.

Ligozzi M. Evaluation of the VITEK 2 system for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of medically relevant gram-positive cocci. J Clin Microbiol 2002;40:1681-6.

Freeman DJ, Falkiner FR, Keane CT. New method for detecting slime production by coagulase negative staphylococci. J Clin Pathol 1989;42:872-4.

Jain A, Agarwal J, Bansal S. Prevalence of methicillin-resistant, coagulase-negative staphylococci in neonatal intensive care units: Findings from a tertiary care hospital in India. J Med Microbiol 2004;53 Pt 9:941-4.

Munda V, Prasad A, Dinesh M, Maroof A. Isolation, identification and antibiogram of coagulase positive and negative staphylococci from bovine mastitis in Ranchi district. Indian J Anim Sci 2009;25:72-5.

Martineau F, Picard FJ, Paradis S, Roy PH, Ouellette M, Bergeron MG. Development of a PCR assay for identification of staphylococci at genus and species levels. J Clin Microbiol 2001;39:2541-7.

Uekötter A, Peters G, Becker K. Is there any rationale for treatment of Staphylococcus aureus infections with antimicrobials that are determined to be ineffective in vitro? Clin Microbiol Infect 2011;17:1142-7.

Natoli S, Fontana C, Favaro M, Bergamini A, Testore GP, Minelli S, et al. Characterization of coagulase-negative staphylococcal isolates from blood with reduced susceptibility to glycopeptides and therapeutic options. BMC Infect Dis 2009;9:83.

Khadri H, Alzohairy M. Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of methicillin-resistant and coagulase-negative staphylococci in a tertiary care hospital in India. Int J Med Sci Public Health 2010;22:116-20.

Sangwan J, Kumari S. Isolation, identification and antibiogram of coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) Isolated from various clinical samples at a tertiary care Teaching Hospital, Jaipur, India. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 2018;7:3048-59.