A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON CLINICAL EVALUATION, TREATMENT PATTERN AND ADVERSE EFFECTS OF ANTICANCER DRUGS IN VARIOUS GYNAECOLOGICAL CANCER PATIENTS
Abstract
Objective: The aim was to determine the prevalence, clinical presentation, treatment pattern, outcomes and adverse drug reactions of the treatment
regimen in gynecological cancer patients.
Methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted at St. Ann's Cancer Hospital, Warangal, Telangana State, from January 2014 to
September 2014. 100 patients of gynecological cancer admitted in the hospital were divided into three groups, i.e. breast, cervical and ovarian
cancer. Patients receiving chemotherapy (CT) were interviewed for information on type of adverse effects (AE) and the other pertinent information
such as demographics, diagnosis, treatment pattern, drugs used to manage the AE were collected from the patient's medical records. The data were
categorized based on the type of cancers and AE of therapy.
Results: A total of 50 patients were with breast cancer, 40 patients were with cervical cancer and 10 patients were with ovarian cancer. Among
breast cancer patients, 24 patients (48%) belonged to a clinical sub group, 18 patients (45%) belonged to the early subgroup in cervical cancer
and 5 patients (50%) belonged to the advanced subgroup in ovarian cancer. Most of the patients with breast cancer were reported with Stage IIIa
(13 members, i.e. 26%), Stage I (13 members, i.e. 32.5%) in case of cervical cancer, Stage IIa (30%) and Stage IV (30%) in case of ovarian cancer.
Surgery, followed by CT and radiotherapy (RT) was preferred in all cancer patients studied, i.e. 78%, 67.5%, 80% of breast, cervical and ovarian
cancers respectively. 78% of patients with breast cancer, 67.5% of patients with cervical cancer and 80% of patients with ovarian cancer have shown
complete response respectively. Hair loss/alopecia is the most common AE seen in 98 patients, followed by nausea and vomiting in 72 patients, nail
pigmentation in 46 patients, pain in abdomen in 44 patients, loss of appetite in 31 patients, constipation in 29 patients, diarrhea in 27 patients, rash/
dermatitis in 19 patients and headache in 13 patients.
Conclusion: Breast cancer was found to be predominant. Most of the patients in gynecological cancer patients were found to be in the clinical stage
group and an advanced stage group indicating lack of awareness about various cancers. Combination therapy (CT, RT and surgery) is said to have a
major effect on cancer patients, which resulted in improved quality of life and symptoms. All patients receiving cytotoxic drugs suffer one or more AE.
The prevalence of AE was considerably high in spite of the using existing premedications.
Keywords: Gynecological cancer, Tumor, Nodal, Metastasis staging, Combination therapy, Adverse effects
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