PREVALENCE OF HYPOMAGNESEMIA IN CIRRHOSIS OF LIVER AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH SEVERITYOF THE DISEASE

VEENA G; REBECCA JAMES

doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2022.v15i8.45029

Authors

VEENA G Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India.
REBECCA JAMES Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2022.v15i8.45029

Keywords:

Liver cirrhosis, Hypomagnesemia, Hyperbilirubinemia, Prevalence, Serum albumin, Diazo method

Abstract

Objectives: The objectives of the study are as follows: (1) To study the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in liver cirrhosis patients. (2) To evaluate association between hypomagnesemia and severity of liver disease.

Methods: It was a cross-sectional study for 1 year. Seventy-one liver cirrhosis patients attending medicine OPD and those admitted in ward, ICU at Government Medical College, Kozhikode. Informed consent was taken from 71 liver cirrhosis patients. Samples for serum magnesium, total bilirubin, and albumin were collected from cases in blood collection tube without anticoagulant and centrifuged to get serum. Estimation of magnesium was done using colorimetric end point method. Estimation of total bilirubin was done using Diazo method and that of serum albumin with Bromocresol Green dye method. SPSS (Version 22.0) was used for analysis.

Results: Among the study patients, hypomagnesemia was prevalent in majority (71.8%) of cases. The mean magnesium levels between different grades of liver cirrhosis were statistically significant at p=0.001. Levels of serum magnesium were significantly decreased with advancement of liver cirrhosis.

Conclusion: Hypomagnesemia is prevalent in liver cirrhosis patients. Serum magnesium decreases significantly with severity of liver cirrhosis. A routine assessment of serummagnesium in liver cirrhosis patients may be effective in management protocol ofliver cirrhosis.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

VEENA G, Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India.

Senior Resident, Department of Biochemestry

REBECCA JAMES, Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India.

Associate Professor, Department of Biochemestry

References

Schuppan D, Afdhal NH. Liver cirrhosis. Lancet 2008;371:838- 51. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60383-9.

Roth GA, Abate D, Abate KH, Abay SM, Abbafati C, Abbasi N, et al. Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980-2017: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2017. Lancet 2018;392:1736-88. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32203-7, PMID 30496103.

Sepanlou SG, Safiri S, Bisignano C, Ikuta KS, Merat S, Saberifiroozi M, et al. The Global, regional, and national burden of cirrhosis by cause in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017. A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020;5:245-66.

Moreau R, Jalan R, Gines P, Pavesi M, Angeli P, Cordoba J, et al. Acute-on-chronic liver failure is a distinct syndrome that develops in patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 2013;144:1426-37.

Burtis CA, Bruns DE. Chapt 37. Liver disease. In: Tietz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry and Molecular Diagnostics. 7th ed. St. Louis: Saunders Elsevier; 2015. p. 719.

Swaminathan R. Magnesium metabolism and its disorders. Clin Biochem Rev 2003;24:47-66. PMID 18568054.

Wu L, Zhu X, Fan L, Kabagambe EK, Song Y, Tao M, et al. Magnesium intake and mortality due to liver diseases: Results from the third national health and examination survey cohort. Sci Rep 2017;7:17913.

Gowda PG, Tembad MM. Study of serum magnesium in liver diseases. J Evol Med Dent Sci 2015;4:3047-56. doi: 10.14260/jemds/2015/443.

Sherlock S, Dooley J. Chapt 8. Hepatic cirrhosis. Sherlock’s Diseases of the Liver and Biliary System. 13th ed. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley; 2018. p. 112.

Zhou WC, Zhang QB, Qiao L. Pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis. World J Gastroenterol 2014;20:7312-24. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i23.7312, PMID 24966602.

Das B, Chandra P, Thimmaraju KV. Serum magnesium level in patients with liver cirrhosis. Int J Biol Med Res 2011;2:709-11.

Kar K, Dasgupta A, Bhaskar MV, Sudhakar K. Alteration of micronutrient status in compensated and decompensated liver cirrhosis. Indian J Clin Biochem 2014;29:232-7. doi: 10.1007/s12291- 013-0349-5, PMID 24757308.

Koivisto M, Valta P, Höckerstedt K, Lindgren L. Magnesium depletion in chronic terminal liver cirrhosis. Clin Transplant 2002;16:325-8. doi: 10.1034/j.1399-0012.2002.01141.x, PMID 12225427.

Rocchi E, Borella P, Borghi A, Paolillo F, Pradelli M, Farina F, et al. Zinc and magnesium in liver cirrhosis. Eur J Clin Investig 1994;24:149-55. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1994.tb00980.x, PMID 8033947.

Arakawa Y, Moriyama M, Arakawa Y. Liver cirrhosis and metabolism (sugar, protein, fat and trace elements). Hepatol Res 2004;30S:46-58. doi: 10.1016/j.hepres.2004.10.009, PMID 15607139.

Sullivan JF, Blotcky AJ, Jetton MM, Hahn HK, Burch RE. Serum levels of selenium, calcium, copper magnesium, manganese and zinc in various human diseases. J Nutr 1979;109:1432-7. doi: 10.1093/ jn/109.8.1432, PMID 458498.