A CASE REPORT ON WELL KNOWN BUT HAS TO BE REPORTED ADVERSE EFFECT OF PHENYTOIN-INDUCED RASH AND ASSESSMENT OF ITS SEVERITY BASED ON ADVERSE DRUG REACTION REPORTING SCALES

AMANJOT KAUR; JASNINDER SINGH

doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2022.v15i12.46006

Authors

AMANJOT KAUR Department of Pharmacology, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, Punjab, India.
JASNINDER SINGH Department of Paediatrics, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, Punjab, India.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2022.v15i12.46006

Keywords:

Phenytoin, Hypersensitivity reaction, Antiepileptic agent

Abstract

Phenytoin is an aromatic antiepileptic drug, commonly used for the purpose of treating generalized tonic clonic and partial seizures. The drug has been known to cause hypersensitivity reaction, which can be life-threatening by involving internal organs, and is referred as anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome. The treatment in such cases is the immediate discontinuation of the agent causing the reaction and replacing the treatment with other non-aromatic anticonvulsant agent. This case report presents an adverse drug reaction and occurs within 1 week of starting the treatment, a well-known but has to report this adverse effect.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

JASNINDER SINGH, Department of Paediatrics, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, Punjab, India.

Department of Paediatrics

(Assistant Professor)

References

Chen YC, Chiu HC, Chu CY. Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms: A retrospective study of 60 cases. Arch Dermatol 2010;146:1373-9. doi: 10.1001/archdermatol.2010.198, PMID 20713773

Choudhary S, McLeod M, Torchia D, Romanelli P. Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2013;6:31-7.

Shivamurthy S, Manchukonda R. Carbamazepine induced anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome. Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol 2015;4:1037-9. doi: 10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20150891

Schlienger RG, Shear NH. Antiepileptic drug hypersensitivity syndrome. Epilepsia 1998;39 Suppl 7:S3-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1998. tb01678.x, PMID 9798755

Pillai LV, Ambike DP, Pataskar S, Hussainy SM, Vishwasrao S, Gaikwad MM. Hypersensitivity and dose related side effects of phenytoin mimicking critical illness. Indian J Crit Care Med 2005;9:22-7. doi: 10.4103/0972-5229.16265

Gupta D, Forbes M, McKean M. Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome. J Pharm Pract Res 2016;46:143-4. doi: 10.1002/jppr.1177

Brown SC, Dauterive RL. Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome secondary to carbamazepine. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 2017;30:94-6. doi: 10.1080/08998280.2017.11929545, PMID 28127149

Kano Y, Inaoka M, Shiohara T. Association between anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome and human herpesvirus 6 reactivation and hypogammaglobulinemia. Arch Dermatol 2004;140:183-8. doi: 10.1001/archderm.140.2.183, PMID 14967790

Cumbo-Nacheli G, Weinberger J, Alkhalil M, Thati N, Baptist AP. Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: Is there a role for immunomodulation? Epilepsia 2008;49:2108-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1528- 1167.2008.01720.x, PMID 18637830

Kim DH, Koh YI. Comparison of diagnostic criteria and determination of prognostic factors for drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 2014;6:216-21. doi: 10.4168/aair.2014.6.3.216, PMID 24843796

Bocquet H, Bagot M, Roujeau JC. Drug induced pseudolymphoma and drug hypersensitivity syndrome (drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms: DRESS). Semin Cutan Med Surg 1996;15:250-7. doi: 10.1016/S1085-5629(96)80038-1

Rodrigues MN, Cabreira JA, Nobre RK. Phenytoin induced drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS): Case report. Case Rep Clin Med 2020;9:343-53. doi: 10.4236/crcm.2020.911048

Pande S, Dashore S. A case of phenytoin drug hypersensitivity syndrome. Indian J Drugs Dermatol 2015;1:53-5.