ASSESSING KNOWLEDGE OF HAND HYGIENE AMONG CBME AND NON-CBME MEDICAL UNDERGRADUATES: A QUESTIONNAIRE-BASED SURVEY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2023.v16i8.47632Keywords:
Hand hygiene, knowledge, medical students, questionnaireAbstract
Objective: The objective of the study is to evaluate the knowledge of hand hygiene among CBME and non-CBME medical undergraduates.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was carried out among 390 medical undergraduate students of CBME (1st, 2nd, and 3rd year) and non-CBME batches (4th year and interns). The data collection tool containing 25 close-ended questions from WHO’s “Hand Hygiene Knowledge Questionnaire for Health-Care Workers” was circulated to the participants as Google forms. Each correct response was given a score of “1” and each wrong response was given a score of “0”. Based on the total score obtained, the knowledge level of hand hygiene of each participant was categorized into good, moderate, or poor. Data were analyzed using OpenEpi software.
Results: A total of 390 medical students including interns participated in this study, of which 222 (57%) were from the CBME batch and 168 (43%) were from the non-CBME batch. Of the 25 questions, >75% of the participants responded correctly to 13 questions. Statistical significance (p<0.05) was observed with 5 questions in which the non-CBME students had better knowledge than CBME students. However, most of the participants (n=288) had a moderate level (73.85%) of knowledge of hand hygiene.
Conclusion: The knowledge gap about hand hygiene could lead to avoidance of regular usage of hand rub and poor compliance with it. Hence, it is important to address it during training sessions to ensure better hand hygiene practices.
Downloads
References
World Health Organization. Evidence of Hand Hygiene as the Building Block for Infection Prevention and Control: An Extract from the Systematic Literature Reviews Undertaken as the Background for the WHO Guidelines on Core Components of Infection Prevention and Control Programmes at the National and Acute Health Care Facility Level. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/330079
World Health Organization. Hand Hygiene: Why, How and When? Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009. Available from: https:// www.who.int/publications/m/item/hand-hygiene-why-how-when
World Health Organization. WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/9789241597906
Nair SS, Hanumantappa R, Hiremath SG, Siraj MA, Raghunath P. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of hand hygiene among medical and nursing students at a tertiary health care centre in Raichur, India. ISRN Prev Med 2014;2014:608927. doi: 10.1155/2014/608927. PMID: 24967144; PMCID: PMC4045463
Gore CA, Bindu M, Saxena L. A study on knowledge about hand hygiene among medical, dental and nursing students in Bangalore, Karnataka. Public Health Rev Int J Public Health Res 2018;5:111-6. doi: 10.17511/ijphr.2018.i3.02
Haque M, Sartelli M, McKimm J, Abu Bakar M. Health care-associated infections-an overview. Infect Drug Resist 2018;11:2321-33. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S177247. PMID: 30532565; PMCID: PMC6245375
World Health Organization. Hand Hygiene Knowledge Questionnaire for Health-care Workers (Revised August 2009): To Assess Knowledge on the Essential Aspects of Hand Hygiene; 2009. Available from: https://www.who.int/teams/integrated-health-services/infection-prevention-control/hand-hygiene/monitoring-tools
Bakarman MA, Baig M, Malik AA, Gazzaz ZJ, Mostafa MM, Zayed MA, et al. Hand hygiene knowledge and attitude of medical students in Western Saudi Arabia. PeerJ 2019;7:e6823.
Chakiri R, Lahlou L, Wakrim S, Lemkhenete Z, Ajdi F, Khabbal Y. Knowledge of hand hygiene among young medical students in the faculty of medicine and pharmacy, University Ibn Zohr: A cross-sectional study during a pandemic COVID-19. Br J Med Health Sci 2021;3:5.
Nawab T, Mehnaz S, Abedi AJ, Safwi SR, Khalique N, Ansari MA, et al. KAP study of hand hygiene among medical and nursing students in a tertiary teaching hospital. Int J Sci Appl Res 2015;2:29-39.
Mohesh G, Dandapani A. Knowledge, attitude and practice of hand hygiene among medical students-a questionnaire based survey. Unique J Med Dent Sci 2014;2:127-31. doi: 10.13140/2.1.1800.6408
Kamble VS, Biradar SM, Takpere A, Reddy S. Knowledge of hand hygiene practices among students of ESIC medical college, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India. Int J Community Med Public Health 2016;3:94-8. doi: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20151234
Jose GE, Valsan C. A study to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of hand hygiene in a health-care setting. J Acad Clin Microbiol 2017;19:93-100. doi: 10.4103/jacm.jacm_42_16
Mukerjee T, Mithra PS, Roy S, Chakraborty S, Mondal R, Majumdar M. A study to assess knowledge regarding hand hygiene amongst medical students in a tertiary care hospital of West Bengal. IOSR J Dent Med Sci 2018;17:24-8. doi: 10.9790/0853-1708032428
Thakker VS, Jadhav PR. Knowledge of hand hygiene in undergraduate medical, dental, and nursing students: A cross-sectional survey. J Family Med Prim Care 2015;4:582-6. doi: 10.4103/2249-4863.174298. PMID: 26985420; PMCID: PMC4776613
Modi PD, Kumar P, Solanki R, Modi J, Chandramani S, Gill N. Hand hygiene practices among Indian medical undergraduates: A questionnaire-based survey. Cureus 2017;9:e1463. doi: 10.7759/ cureus.1463. PMID: 28936375; PMCID: PMC5595270
Arthi E, Abarna V, Bagyalakshmi R, Anitharaj M, Vijayasree S. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice of hand hygiene among nursing and medical students in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, India. Int J Contemp Med 2016;3:1203-6.
World Health Organization. WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care: A Summary. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/ WHO-IER-PSP-2009.07
Goyal A, Narula H, Gupta PK, Sharma A, Bhadoria AS, Gupta P. Evaluation of existing knowledge, attitude, perception and compliance of hand hygiene among health care workers in a Tertiary care centre in Uttarakhand. J Family Med Prim Care 2020;9:1620-7. doi: 10.4103/ jfmpc.jfmpc_1183_19
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2023 Ramani Balaraman, Jayavarthinni Manavalan, Nandita Banaji
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
