EFFECT OF PRE-OPERATIVE FASTING PERIOD ON BLOOD GLUCOSE AND URINE KETONE LEVELS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2023.v16i5.48286Keywords:
Pre-operative fasting, Aspiration,, Blood glucose levelsAbstract
Objective:- To analyze the duration of preoperative fasting period and its effects on blood glucose and urine ketone levels in patients undergoing various surgeries.
Materials and Methods: Study included 100, ASA grade 1 and 2 patients between age group of 18-80 years of either sex. They were divided into two groups of 50 each: Group A: Fasting period as per conventional preoperative instructions i.e., nil by mouth (NBM) after 12.00 midnight and; Group B: Fasting period followed as per fasting guidelines i.e., 6 hours prior for solids, up to 2 hours for liquids. The blood sugar levels and urine ketones and sugar were tested during pre-anaesthetic check-up and just prior to shifting the patient to operation room. SSPS 21.0 software was used for statistical analysis and p value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Results: The distribution of mean fasting blood glucose noted in pre anesthetic checkup (PAC) in Group A was 101.72 +/- 9.34 mg/dl and in Group B is 99.22 +/- 8.64 mg/dl (P=0.167) while mean fasting blood glucose before shifting to OT was significantly higher in Group B (95.18 +/- 7.34 mg/dl) compared to Group A (90.08 +/- 7.12 mg/dl) (P=0.0006). Mean percentage difference in fasting blood glucose levels was higher in Group A (11.12%) compared to Group B (5.97%) which was statistically significant (p<0.01). Of 50 cases studied in Group A, 42 (84.0%) had negative ketones while in Group B, 49 (98.0%) had negative ketones.
Conclusion: From our study we infer that fasting guidelines need to be implemented and reassessed periodically. This will help to enhance the quality and efficiency of anaesthesia care, stimulate evaluation of clinical practices and reduce the severity of complications.
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