PHARMACOGNOSTICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PHYLA NODIFLORA L. (VERBENACEAE): A VALUABLE MEDICINAL PLANT
Abstract
Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the pharmacognostical and histochemical characters of Phyla nodiflora L. (Verbenaceae)
an important medicinal plant.
Methods: Pharmacognostical characters such as macroscopic and anatomical characters of root, stem and leaf were studied. Physico-chemical
characteristics of crude drugs of aerial parts and root were determined. To localize various phytochemicals, histochemical studies were also
determined.
Results: Pharmacognostical studies helped in the identification and authentication of the plant material. Physico-chemical properties such
as water soluble extractive value (21.44±0.009% w/w), alcohol soluble extractive (13.39±0.03% w/w), total ash (20.85±0.09% w/w), loss on
drying (15.68±0.05% w/w) were calculated. Histochemical study indicated the presence of alkaloids, lignin, starch, proteins, lipids, phenolics, and
tannins in the plant parts examined.
Conclusion: This study revealed the pharmacognostical properties and characteristics of P. nodiflora, an important medicinal plant. The presence
of alkaloids, lignin, starch, proteins, lipids, phenolics, and tannins in the plant parts can be attributed to the cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antiviral, and
antifungal properties of P. nodiflora.
Keywords: Phyla nodiflora, Microscopy, Pharmacognosy, Stomatal index, Histochemistry.
Downloads
References
Manjunath BL. The Wealth of India. New Delhi: CSIR; 1962. p. 142-3.
Jayaweera DM. Medicinal Plants used in Ceylon, Part IV. Colombo, Sri Lanka: National Science Council of Sri Lanka; 1982. p. 274-5.
Terblanche FC, Kornelius G. Essential oil constituents of the genus Lippia (Verbenaceae). A literature review. J Essent Oil Res 1996;8:471‑85.
Kirtikar KR, Basu BD. Indian Medicinal Plants. Reprint Edition. New Delhi, India: Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR; 1975. p. 986-7.
Francisco A, Barbaran T, Harborne BJ, Self R. Twelve 6 - oxygenated flavone sulphates from Lippia nodiflora and L. Canescens. Phytochemistry 1987;26(8):2281-4.
Forestieri AM, Monforte MT, RagusaS, Trovato A, Lauk L. Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity in rodents of plant used in African medicine. Phytother Res 1996;10:100-6.
Pal Singh I, Bharate SB. Phloroglucinol compounds of natural origin. Nat Prod Rep 2006;23(4):558-91.
Basu AK, Chakraborti P, Sanyal PK. Nodifloretin – A new flavone from Lippia nodifloria. J Indian Chem Soc 1969;46(3):271-2.
Nair AG, Ramesh P, Nagarajan S, Subramanian S. New flavones glycosides from Lippia nodifloria. Indian J Chem 1973;2:1316-7.
Balamurugan R, Duraipandiyan V, Ignacimuthu S. Antidiabetic activity of γ - sitosterol isolated from Lippia nodiflora L. In streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2011;667(1-3):410-8.
Morton JF. Atlas of Medicinal Plants of Middle America. Springfield, Illinois, USA: CC Thomas; 1981. p. 745-50.
Hooker JD. Flora of British India. Vol. 4. Ashford, Kent, London: Reeve East House Book Publisher; 1885.
Kirtikar KR. The Indian Medicinal Plants, Part-II. Allahabad: Office Bhuwaneswari Asrama Bahadur Gang; 1918. p. 986-7.
Wallis TE. Textbook of Pharmacognosy. 5th ed. New Delhi, India: CBS Publishers and Distributors; 1985. p. 652.
Sass JE. Elements of Botanical Microtechnique. New York: McGraw Hill Book Co; 1940. p. 222.
Johansen D. Plant Micro Techniques. New York: McGraw Hill Publication; 1940.
Esau K. Plant Anatomy. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 1964a.
Esau K. Anatomy of Seeds. New York: John Wiley and Sons; 1964b.
Wallis TE. Textbook of Pharmacognosy. 5th ed. London: J and A Churchill Limited; 1997.
Wallis TE. Textbook of Pharmacognosy. 15th ed. London: T A Churchill Limited; 1967. p. 571-5.
Kokoski CJ, Kokoski RJ, Slama FJ. Fluorescence of powdered vegetable drugs under ultraviolet radiation. J Am Pharm Assoc Am Pharm Assoc (Baltim) 1958;47(10):715-7.
Chase CR Jr, Pratt R. Fluorescence of powdered vegetable drugs with particular reference to development of a system of identification. J Am Pharm Assoc Am Pharm Assoc 1949;38(6):324-31.
Anonymous. Quality Control Methods for Medicinal Plant Materials. Geneva: World Health Organisation; 1998. p. 25-30.
Indian Pharmacopoeia. Government of India. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. New Delhi: Controller of Publications; 1996. p. A53-5.
Mukherjee PK. Quality Control of Herbal Drugs. 1st ed. New Delhi: Business Horizons; 2002. p. 546-9.
Jensen WA. Botanical Histochemistry: Principles and Practice. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Co; 1962.
Harborne JB. In: Jackman H, editor. Phytochemical Methods. London: Butterworths; 1973. p. 70.
Pearse AG. Histochemistry Theoretical and Applied. 4th ed. Vol. 2. Edinburgh, UK: Churchill Livingston; 1980.
Singh S, Manchawal L, Chauhan MG. Pharmacognostic study of male leaves of Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. With special emphasis on microscopic technique. J Pharmacogn Phytother 2010;2(5):71-5.
Kumar D, Kumar K, Kumar S, Kumar T, Kumar A, Prakash O. Pharmacognostic evaluation of leaf and root bark of Holoptelea integrifolia Roxb. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2012;2(3):169-75.
Ansari SH. Essentials of Pharmacognosy. 1st ed. New Delhi: Birla Publications Pvt. Ltd; 2006.
Devi VG, Vijayan C, John A, Gopikumar K. Pharmacognostic and antioxidant studies on Clerodendrum inerme and identification of Ursolic acid as marker compound. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2012;4(2):145‑8.
Acharya NS, Acharya SR, Shah MB, Santani DD. Development of pharmacognostical parameters and estimation of beta-sitosterol using HPTLC in roots of Gmelina arborea Roxb. Pharmacog J 2012;4(30):1‑9.
World Health Organization. Quality Control Methods for Medicinal Plant Materials. WHO/PHARM/92.559; 1998. p. 4-46.
Anonymous. Ministry of health and family welfare. Indian Pharmacopoeia. Vol. 2. Govt of India, New Delhi: Controller of Publications; 1996. p. A - 53-4, A-95, A-97, A-109.
Tatiya A, Surana S, Bhavsar S, Patil D, Patil Y. Pharmacognostic and preliminary phytochemical investigation of Eulophia Herbacea Lindl. Tubers (Orchidaceae). Asian Pac J Trop Dis 2012;2 Suppl 1:S50-5.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.