HEMOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF CICER ARIETINUM L. EXTRACTS BY TWO EXTRACTION TECHNIQUES

Abstract

This study were designed to test the efficiency of saponin which extracted from C. arietinum L. by two different extraction techniques as hemolytic agent, one of them carried out by using ultra sonication-Oven assistance extraction (UOAE)with ethanol as extraction solvent of choice while the other technique deals with more than one solvent with longer extraction time Phytochemical analysis of both crude extracts was performed and revealed positive result for saponins, resins, tannins and alkaloids while resins appeared only in liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) meanwhile results showed that flavonoids, terpenes, steroids, glycosides and polyphenols were absent for both crude extracts. Reversed high performance liquid chromatography carried out to detect presence of saponin in these crude extracts.

The results of hemolytic effect on human erythrocytes showed that both crude extracts significantly potent as lytic agent compared with synthetic purchased saponin at P≤ 0.05. The highest hemolytic activity was76.27 ± 0.18percent at concentration 0.375mg/ml with UOAE technique while the opposite pattern appeared with LLE and the hemolytic activity increase to 79.40 ± 0.12percent with the lowest concentration 0.094mg/ml,statistical analysis proved that is saponins involved both of crude extracts which obtained by UOAE and LLE techniques considered as effective hemolytic agent.

 

Keywords: Saponin, Chickpea, Cicer arietinum, Hemolytic activity, Ultra-sonication