PRELIMINARY PHTOCEMICAL INVESTIGATION AND ANTI-VENOM ACTIVITY OF COIX LACRYMAJOBI ROOT EXTRACT AGAINST DABOIA RUSSELLI VENOM-INDUCED MYONECROSIS
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the study was to carry out the preliminary phytochemical investigation and to evaluate the inhibition of Daboia russelli
venom‑induced myonecrosis by root extract (RE) of Coix lacrymajobi.
Methods: The roots of C. lacrymajobi were subjected to differential extraction by soxhlet extraction using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate,
and ethanol. The resultant extracts were subjected to the preliminary phytochemical investigation to identify the different chemical groups present in
the extracts. Myonecrotic activity was conducted, to assess the ability of ethanolic RE to inhibit the myonecrosis induced by D. russelli venom in rats.
Results: The preliminary phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of triterpenoids, resins, steroids and fixed oils in petroleum ether extract,
flavonoids, triterpenoids, saponins and fixed oils in chloroform extract and alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, resins, saponins, steroids,
and tannins. Ethanolic extract was found to have maximum number of phytochemicals, and hence, it was used for further study. The ethanolic RE
significantly inhibited the myonecrotic activity at dose level 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight.
Conclusion: The screening of phytochemicals presents on the different fractions of the RE was studied successfully. Supporting the use of roots by
traditional healers, ethanolic extract successfully inhibited D. russelli venom‑induced myonecrosis in rats.
Keywords: Coix lacrymajobi, Daboia russelli, Myonecrosis.
Downloads
References
Duke JA. Coix_lacryma-jobi; 1983. Available from: https://www.hort.
purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/Coix_lacryma-jobi.html.
Whitaker R, Whitaker S. Venom, antivenom production and the
medically important snakes of India. Curr Sci 2012;103(6):635-43.
World Health Organization. WHO Guidelines for the Production,
Control and Regulation of Snake Antivenom Immunoglobulins.
Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010.
Warrell DA. Guidelines for the Clinical Management of Snake-bites in
the South-east Asia Region. New Delhi: World Health Organization,
Regional Office for South East Asia; 2005. p. 1-77.
Warrell DA. WHO/SEARO Guidelines for the clinical management of
snake bites in the Southeast Asian region. Southeast Asian J Trop Med
Public Health 2010;1:61-4.
Kalyan B, Nanda SS, Venkateshwarlu P, Kiran Y, Jadhav RT. Antisnake
venom serum (Asvs). Int J Pharm Biomed Res 2010;1:76-89.
Evans WC. Trease and Evans Pharmacognosy. 15
ed. Philadelphia:
Elsevier Sceince Ltd.; 2002. p. 414-5.
th
Kokate CK, Purohit PA, Gokhale SB. Pharmacognosy. Pune: Nirali
Prakashan; 2010. p. 30-3.
Khandelwals KR. Practical Pharmacognosy-techniques and
Experiments. Pune: Nirali Prakashan; 1996. p. 98-103.
Dhananjaya BL, Zameer F, Girish KS, D’Souza CJ. Anti-venom
potential of aqueous extract of stem bark of Mangifera indica L. against
Daboia russellii (Russell’s viper) venom. Indian J Biochem Biophys
;48(3):175-83.
Mors WB, Nascimento MC, Pereira BM, Pereira NA. Plant natural
products active against snake bite – The molecular approach.
Phytochemistry 2000;55(6):627-42.
Mukherjee AK, Doley R, Saikia D. Isolation of a snake venom
phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor (AIPLAI) from leaves of
Azadirachta indica (Neem): Mechanism of PLA2 inhibition by AIPLAI
in vitro condition. Toxicon 2008;51(8):1548-53.
Gomes A, Saha A, Chatterjee I, Chakravarty AK. Viper and cobra
venom neutralization by beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol isolated from
the root extract of Pluchea indica Less. (Asteraceae). Phytomedicine
;14(9):637-43.
Mors WB, do Nascimento MC, Parente JP, da Silva MH, Melo PA,
Suarez-Kurtz G. Neutralization of lethal and myotoxic activities of
South American rattlesnake venom by extracts and constituents of the
plant Eclipta prostrata (Asteraceae). Toxicon 1989;27(9):1003-9.
Da Silva SL, Calgarotto AK, Chaar JS, Marangoni S. Isolation and
characterization of ellagic acid derivatives isolated from Casearia
sylvestris SW aqueous extract with anti-PLA(2) activity. Toxicon
;52(6):655-66.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.