IN VITRO: EVALUATION OF BARANGAN (MUSA ACUMINATA LINN.) PEEL EXTRACT PASTE ON TOOTH COLOR
##semicolon##
Bleaching##common.commaListSeparator## Tooth color##common.commaListSeparator## Banana peel##article.abstract##
Objective: Tooth color is an important factor influencing the appearance of someone’s smile. Tooth discoloration can cause a significant change in appearance and loss of confidence, therefore, patients are carrying dental bleaching as a treatment for appearance improvement. Dental bleaching is a non-invasive treatment that uses chemical ingredients and was reported to have several negative effects on teeth. Banana peel extract was reported effective as a dental bleaching agent due to its saponin and mineral content. This study aimed to determine the effects of barangan (Musa acuminata Linn.) peel extract paste on tooth color changes.
Methods: Samples were human premolar teeth that were randomized and divided into four groups (n=15), which are group 1 (5% paste), groups 2 (discoloration teeth, 5% paste), groups 3 (10% paste), and group 4 (discoloration teeth; 10% paste). Barangan peel extract was made using ethanol (70%) maceration method and made into a paste with concentrations of 5% and 10%. Discoloration was conducted by soaking the samples in tobacco solutions for 9 d. Paste treatment was done for 12 d by applying the paste on the teeth surfaces (15 min/day). Tooth color measurement is by CIE-Lab method using a colorimeter (CS-10) for baseline and after treatment. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA for ΔE value and t-dependent for L value using GraphPad Prism software version 9.3.1.471 for Windows.
Results: There were significant differences in ΔE and L values before and after treatment in all groups.
Conclusion: Barangan peel extract paste with a concentration of 10% showed a greater color change than 5%, which lightened up the color of teeth.
##submission.citations##
KM, HC, MK, SN. Effect of tobacco on oral health an overview. J Evol Med Dent Sci. 2013;2(20):3523-34. doi: 10.14260/jemds/723.
Muthukrishnan A, Warnakulasuriya S. Oral Health consequences of smokeless tobacco use. Indian J Med Res. 2018;148(1):35-40. doi: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_1793_17, PMID 30264752.
Chemin K, Rezende M, Loguercio AD, Reis A, Kossatz S. Effectiveness of and dental sensitivity to at-home bleaching with 4% and 10% hydrogen peroxide: a randomized, triple-blind clinical trial. Oper Dent. 2018;43(3):232-40. doi: 10.2341/16-260-C, PMID 29676979.
Lekshmi J, Nair SS. Spectrophotometric analysis of color changes in enamel following exposure to herbal bleaching agents: an in vitro study. Conservative Dentistry and Endodontic Journal. 2018;3(2):62-6. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10048-0041.
Betur AP, S RO, B RK. Natural fruit peels as teeth whitening agents on primary teeth an in vitro study. IJAM. 2021;12(2):232-5. doi: 10.47552/ijam.v12i3.1738.
Hafsah K, Diah AL, Nipis PJ. (Citrus aurantifolia) terhadap indeks stain tembakau. MDJ. 2014;3(4):1-6.
Gasmi Benahmed A, Gasmi A, Menzel A, Hrynovets I, Chirumbolo S, Shanaida M. A review on natural teeth whitening. J Oral Biosci. 2022;64(1):49-58. doi: 10.1016/j.job.2021.12.002, PMID 34915121.
Amelia H, Febriani M, Rachmawati E. Potencial of various natural bleaching Ingridients on teeth discoloration. J Adv Med Dent Sci Res. 2022;10(1):109-14.
Sugianti N. Effect extract rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa) as an alternative to natural tooth bleaching agent on external discoloration case. Int Dent J. 2012;1(2):5-9.
Blandina B, Siregar LA, Setiado H, Barangan IFP (Musa acuminata Linn). Di kabupaten deli sedang sumatera utara. J Agroekoteknol FP USU. 2019;7(1):94-105.
Alzate Acevedo S, Diaz Carrillo AJ, Florez Lopez E, Grande Tovar CD. Recovery of banana waste-loss from production and processing: a contribution to a circular economy. Molecules. 2021;26(17):1-31. doi: 10.3390/molecules26175282, PMID 34500714.
Mohd Zaini H, Roslan J, Saallah S, Munsu E, Sulaiman NS, Pindi W. Banana peels as a bioactive ingredient and its potential application in the food industry. J Funct Foods. 2022;92:(105054). doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105054.
Aboul Enein AM, Salama ZA, Gaafar AA. Identification of phenolic compounds from banana peel (Musa paradisica L.) as antioxidant and antimicrobial agents. J Chem Pharm Res. 2016;8(4):46-55.
Harahap SA, Yudhit A, Wardani FK. Potency of banana (Musa acuminata linn.) stem fiber as a reinforcement material for heat-cured acrylic resin. Mater Sci Forum. 2022;1069:129-34. doi: 10.4028/p-y0c2x5.
Yudhit A, Prasetia W. Potency of banana (Musa paradisiaca var. Raja) peel extract as color changes agent of human teeth (in vitro). J Dent Med Sci. 2019;18(10):68-71.
Riwanti P, Izazih F, Amaliyah. Pengaruh perbedaan konsentrasi etanol pada kadar flavonoid total ekstrak etanol 50,70 dan 96%. J Pharm Care Anwar Med. 2020;2(2):82-95.
Dalrymple A, Bean EJ, Badrock TC, Weidman RA, Thissen J, Coburn S. Enamel staining with e-cigarettes, tobacco heating products and modern oral nicotine products compared with cigarettes and snus: an in vitro study. Am J Dent. 2021;34(1):3-9. PMID 33544982.
Mugri MH, Jain S, Sayed ME, Halawi AH, Hamzi SA, Aljohani RA. Effects of smokeless tobacco on color stability and surface roughness of 3D-printed, CAD/CAM-milled, and conventional denture base materials: an in vitro study. Biomedicines. 2023;11(2). doi: 10.3390/biomedicines11020491, PMID 36831026.
Kansal S, Jindal L, Garg K. Discoloration of teeth: a literature review. Int J Heal Clin Res. 2020;3(2):58-62.
Farcas CA, Socasi SA. An overview of saponins–a bioactive group. LT N Bull Univ Agric Sci Vet Med Cluj Napoca Food Sci Technol. 2020;77(1):25-35.
Chairunnisa S, Wartini NM, Suhendra L. Pengaruh suhu dan waktu Maserasi terhadap karakteristik ekstrak daun Bidara (Ziziphus mauritiana L.) sebagai sumber saponin. JRMA. 2019;7(4):551-660. doi: 10.24843/JRMA.2019.v07.i04.p07.
Greta DC, Colosi HA, Gasparik C, Dudea D. Color comparison between non-vital and vital teeth. J Adv Prosthodont. 2018;10(3):218-26. doi: 10.4047/jap.2018.10.3.218, PMID 29930792.
Pustina Krasniqi T, Shala K, Staka G, Bicaj T, Ahmedi E, Dula L. Lightness, chroma, and hue distributions in natural teeth measured by a spectrophotometer. Eur J Dent. 2017;11(1):36-40. doi: 10.4103/1305-7456.202635, PMID 28435363.
##submissions.published##
##issue.issue##
##section.section##
##submission.copyrightStatement##
##submission.license.cc.by4.footer##