IN VITRO ANTHELMINTIC EFFICACY OF EXTRACTS OF CITRUS AURANTIFOLIA (CHRISTM) SWINGLE FRUIT PEELS AGAINST HELIGMOSOMOIDES BAKERI OVA AND LARVAE
Keywords:
Citrus aurantifolia, Anthelmintics, Plant extracts, Heligmosomoides bakeriAbstract
In vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activities of extracts of Citrus aurantifolia fruit were investigated on the eggs and first stage larvae of Heligmosomoides bakeri. The fruit peels of Citrus aurantifolia were extracted with methanol. The crude methanol extract (CME) was dissolved in water and serially partitioned with hexane and ethylacetate to give hexane extract (HE), ethylacetate extract (EE) and aqueous methanol extract (AME). Different concentrations (0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg/ml) of the extracts were prepared by dissolving the extracts in distilled water. Two hundred microlitres of each concentration was incubated with the larvae and eggs of H. bakeri contained in 0.2 ml solution in a 96-well microtitre plates and incubated at room temperature for 24 and 48 hours, respectively. Distilled water and albendazole were used as non-treated and treated controls, respectively. At 20 mg/ml, the CME, EE, HE and AME inhibited the hatching of H. bakeri eggs by 100, 98.2, 97.8 and 97.7 %, respectively. Similarly, CME, AME, EE and HE caused death of the larvae of H. bakeri by 100, 90.8, 85.9 and 83.3 %, respectively. All the extracts showed significant (***p<0.001) anthelmintic effect when compared with the non-treated (DW) control. This study demostrates that Citrus aurantifolia fruit peels possess anthelmintic activity that might be caused by one or more of the secondary metabolites contained in the plant.
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