CHIKUNGUNYA, SCRUB TYPHUS MONO, AND CO-INFECTION AMONG PATIENTS WITH UNDIFFERENTIATED FEBRILE ILLNESS: A HOSPITAL-BASED STUDY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijms.2023.v11i3.48049Keywords:
Chikungunya, Scrub typhus, Coinfection, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assayAbstract
Objectives: Chikungunya virus is a common arthropod-related acute febrile disease and it is transmitted by Aedes aegypti or Aedes albopictus species. On the other hand, the bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi causes scrub typhus, which is also an acute febrile illness with multiple organ involvement. Coinfection of chikungunya and scrub typhus may lead to severe manifestation including severe respiratory and central nervous system (CNS) complications. Coinfection of chikungunya and scrub typhus may lead to severe manifestation including severe respiratory and CNS complications. Therefore, the proper diagnosis can prevent the clinical complications. The aim and objective of our study is to find the seroprevalence of chikungunya and scrub typhus and coinfection of both through medical assessment and serological research of these patients presented with acute febrile infection at Diamond Harbour Government Medical College and Hospital.
Methods: A prospective study was conducted from August 2022 to January 2023 at VRDL, Department of Microbiology, Diamond Harbour Government Medical College and Hospital. Serum was collected for IgM antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for scrub typhus (In bios kit) and Chikungunya (NIV Chikungunya IgM Capture ELISA Kit) test. Four hundred and eighty-seven samples were tested for IgM antibody by chikungunya and scrub typhus ELISA kit.
Result: The present study demonstrated that, from the month of August 2022 to January 2023, 67% of chikungunya cases, 25% cases with only scrub typhus, and 8% cases with both chikungunya and scrub typhus presented positive. A present study shows that chikungunya is slightly more prevalent in males as compared to females, where scrub typhus is equally positive in both male and female patients.
Conclusion: Laboratory testing of both of the diseases can prevent the complication of other suspected disease in coinfected patients.
References
Carey DE, Myers RM, DeRanitz CM, Jadhav M, Reuben R. The 1964 chikungunya epidemic at Vellore, South India, including observations on concurrent dengue. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1969;63:434-45.
Lakshmi V, Neeraja M, Subbalaxmi MV, Parida MM, Dash PK, Santhosh SR, et al. Clinical features and molecular diagnosis of Chikungunya fever from South India. Clin Infect Dis 2008;46:1436-42.
Zeller H, Van Bortel W, Sudre B. Chikungunya: Its history in Africa and Asia and its spread to new regions in 2013-2014. J Infect Dis 2016;214 suppl 5:S436-40.
Walker DH. Scrub typhus-scientific neglect, ever-widening impact. N Engl J Med 2016;375:913-5.
Pathak S, Chaudhary N, Dhakal P, Yadav SR, Gupta BK, Kurmi OP. Comparative study of chikungunya only and chikungunya-scrub typhus coinfection in children: Findings from a hospital-based observational study from central Nepal. Int J Pediatr 2021;2021:6613564.
Lee VJ, Chow A, Zheng X, Carrasco LR, Cook AR, Lye DC, et al. Simple clinical and laboratory predictors of Chikungunya versus dengue infections in adults. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2012;6:e1786.
Mohanty I, Dash M, Sahu S, Narasimham MV, Panda P, Padhi S. Seroprevalence of chikungunya in southern Odisha. J Family Med Prim Care 2013;2:33-6.
Londhey V, Agrawal S, Vaidya N, Kini S, Shastri JS, Sunil S. Dengue and chikungunya virus co-infections: The inside story. J Assoc Physicians India 2016;64:36-40.
Vijayakumar KP, Anish TS, George B, Lawrence T, Muthukkutty SC, Ramachandran R. Clinical profile of chikungunya patients during the epidemic of 2007 in Kerala, India. J Glob Infect Dis 2011;3:221-6.
Mascarenhas M, Garasia S, Berthiaume P, Corrin T, Greig J, Ng V, et al. A scoping review of published literature on chikungunya virus. PLoS One 2018;13:e0207554.
Dinkar A, Singh J, Prakash P, Das A, Nath G. Hidden burden of chikungunya in North India; A prospective study in a tertiary care centre. J Infect Public Health 2018;11:586-91.
Bonell A, Lubell Y, Newton PN, Crump JA, Paris DH. Estimating the burden of scrub typhus: A systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017;11:e0005838.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Copyright (c) 2023 Pratiti Datta, Sujhenjit Roy, Mandal TK, Piyali Haldar, Utpal Dan, Santanu Saha, Sumantra Sarkar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.