EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF FENUGREEK (TRIGONELLA FOENUM-GRAECUM) EXTRACTS
Keywords:
Antimicrobial activity, Phytochemical analysis, TLC bioautography, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Trigonella foenum-graecumAbstract
Objective: The present investigation was performed to evaluate the antimicrobial potential of Trigonella foenum-graecum leaves extracts and to elucidate the presence of phytochemicals responsible for its biological activity.
Methods: The plant extracts were prepared by sequential cold maceration method by using four solvents viz., hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol and distilled water. Antimicrobial activity of extracts was carried out by agar well diffusion method against four bacteria and five fungi. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of different extracts was determined using the broth dilution method. Thin layer chromatography (TLC), TLC bioautography and phytochemicals analysis were also performed.
Results: The antibacterial activity of T. foenum-graecum leaves extracts was found maximum on Serratia marcescens with a zone of inhibition (ZOI) of 12.33±0.57 mm by aqueous extract followed by inhibition of Bacillus cereus (ZOI = 11.50±0.50 mm) by the methanol extract. The range of MIC of different extracts recorded was 6.25 to 25 mg/ml. Results of the antifungal activity showed that methanol extract showed a maximum zone of inhibition against Trichoderma viridae (ZOI = 14.5±0.5 mm) followed by ethyl acetate extract (ZOI = 12.0±1.0 mm). The MIC value for methanol extract against T. viridae was 6.25 mg/ml. The result of TLC bioautography revealed that compounds eluted at Rf 0.58 and Rf 0.67 exhibited strong while compounds eluted at Rf 0.31 and Rf 0.37 showed moderate antibacterial activity against S. marcescens. Phytochemicals analysis indicated that methanol and aqueous extracts contain more phytochemicals as compared to hexane and ethyl acetate extracts.
Conclusion: The results obtained in this study clearly indicate that T. foenum-graecum leaves extracts to have a significant potential to be used as an antimicrobial agent due to the presence of different phytochemicals.
Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, Phytochemicals analysis, TLC bioautography, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Trigonella foenum-graecumÂ
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