FLOURIDE REMOVAL FROM SEWAGE WATER USING CITRUS LIMETTA PEEL AS BIOSORBENT
Keywords:
Biosorbent, Elovich model, FTIR, Adsorbent DoseAbstract
Objective: The aim of this paper is to study the fluoride removal efficiency of the citrus limetta peel as low-cost biosorbent for defluoridation of sewage waste water.
Methods: For finding the best operating condition for maximum removal of fluoride, batch wise experiments were performed at different contact times and keeping other parameters to be constant such as pH, initial fluoride concentration, and adsorbent dose. Various kinetic models such as intraparticle diffusion model, Bangham's model, Elovich model had been investigated for determining the suitable adsorption mechanism. The rate of adsorption of fluoride on citrus limetta peel has been determined by pseudo first-order and pseudo second order rate models. SEM analysis has been used for describing the surface morphology of the peel. The surface characterization of the citrus limetta peel has been investigated by using the FTIR and EDAX analysis.
Results: The adsorption kinetics rate and the mechanism were best described by the pseudo-second order model and Bangham's model, respectively. The optimum pH, initial concentration, adsorbent dose and contact time were found to be 7, 20 mg/l, 10 g/l and 40 min. respectively for which there was maximum fluoride removal.
Conclusion: The result obtained from the experiments show that the citrus limetta peel has proved to be a low-cost biosorbent for the defluoridation of the sewage waste water and has high fluoride removal efficiency.
Keywords: Batchwise Biosorption Experiment, Bangham's Model, Langmuir Isotherm, SEM analysis, FTIR analysis
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