EXTRACELLULAR COLD ACTIVE ENDOGLUCANASE AND PIGMENT PRODUCING PSYCHROTOLERANT PENICILLIUM PINOPHILUM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2016v8i10.13441Keywords:
Cold active, Endoglucanase, Natural dye, Penicillium pinophilum strain F2, Psychrotolerant, Textile dyeingAbstract
Objective: The objective of the present study was on Penicillium pinophilum strain F2 from soil samples of Jammu city having the potentiality to produce alkaline cold active endoglucanase and pigment.
Methods: Penicillium pinophilum strain F2, a psychrotolerant micro-fungus was isolated from soil of Jammu city, India by taking Czapek's Dox agar incubated at 15 °C. The strain was screened for production of cold active enzymes by taking various substrates at 15 °C. Final production was done for cold active endoglucanase by using sugarcane bagasse and ground nut shell as substrates. Besides, the strain was also able to produce red color pigment at a low temperature which was further studied to optimize its production by changing pH and growth medium. The produced pigment was used for dyeing of wool and silk, and absorption percentages were also calculated.
Results: Screening for the production of cold active enzymes revealed it as a good producer of cellulose followed by lipase and amylase. Endoglucanase production revealed the total enzyme titer (total enzyme activity) was found to be 5.032 folds higher in sugarcane bagasse (38.91 units) than groundnut shell (7.732 units). Endoglucanase activity was maximum 9.82±0.33 units/ml and 2.29±0.31 units/ml after 120 h of incubation at 15 °C by sugarcane bagasse and groundnut shells, respectively. Red color pigment production was maxima at pH 5 in Czapek's Dox broth. Maximum absorption percentage was seen by the treatment soaked with mordant, i.e. 5% CuSO4 (51.52%) and without a mordant, it showed about 45.54%.
Conclusion: Due to the above unique features and capability to produce cold active endoglucanase and pigment by strain F2, can be used significantly in various industries.
Downloads
References
Kumar SP, Ghosh M, Pulicherla KK, Rao SKRS. Cold-active enzymes from the marine psychrophiles: a biotechnological perspective. Adv Biotechnol 2011;10:16-20.
Maharana AK, Ray P. Optimization and characterization of cold active endoglucanase produced by Aspergillus terreus strain AKM-F3 grown on sugarcane bagasse. Turk J Biol 2015;39:175-85.
Kamagata Y, Yachi M, Kurasawa T, Suto M, Sasaki H, Takao S, et al. Cellulase induction by cellobiose-octa acetate in Penicillium purpurogenum. J Biosci Bioeng 1991;72:217-20.
Hurst JL, Pugh GJF, Walton DWH. Fungal succession and substrate utilization on the leaves of three South Georgia phanerogams. Br Antarct Surv Bull 1983;58:89-100.
Duncan SM, Minasaki R, Farrell RL, Thwaites JM, Held BW, Arenz BE, et al. Screening fungi isolated from historical discovery hut on ross island, Antarctica for cellulose degradation. Antarct Sci 2008;20:463-70.
Dong S, Chi N, Zhang Q. Optimization of fermentation conditions for cold active cellulase production by response surface methodology. Adv Mater Res 2011;183:1025-9.
Singh SM, Singh SK, Yadav LS, Singh PN, Ravindra R. Filamentous soil fungi from Ny-Ã…lesund, Spitsbergen, and screening for extracellular enzymes. Arctic 2012a;65:45-55.
Maharana AK, Ray P. Low-temperature degradation of various substrates by psychrotolerant Fusarium spp. isolated from soil of Jammu city. J Adv Microbiol 2014;1:52-6.
Maharana AK, Ray P. Screening of psychrotrophic micro-fungi for cold active extracellular enzymes isolated from Jammu city, India. J Pure Appl Microbiol 2014;8:2369-75.
Maharana AK, Ray P. Isolation and screening of cold active extracellular enzymes producing psychrotrophic bacteria from soil of Jammu City. Biosci Biotechnol Res Asia 2013;10:267-73.
Techapun C, Poosaran N, Waanabe M, Sasaki K. Thermostable and alkaline-tolerant microbial cellulase-free xylanases produced from agricultural wastes and the properties required for use in pulp bleaching bioprocesses: a review. Process Biochem 2003;38:1327-40.
Yoon JH, Hong SB, Ko SJ, Kim SH. Detection of extracellular enzyme activity in Penicillium using chromogenic media. Mycobiology 2007;35:166-9.
Mapari SAS, Nielsen KF, Larsen TO, Frisvad JC, Meyer AS, Thrane U. Exploring fungal biodiversity for the production of water-soluble pigments as potential natural food colorants. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2005;16:231-8.
Engstrom GW, Stenkamp RE, McDorman DJ, Jensen LH. Spectral identification, X-ray structure determination, and iron chelating capability of erythro-glaucin, a red pigment from Aspergillus ruber. J Agric Food Chem 1982;30:304-7.
Suhr KI, Haasum I, Streenstrup LD, Larsen TO. Factors affecting growth and pigmentation of Penicillium caseifulvum. J Dairy Sci 2002;85:2786-94.
Dufossé L. Microbial production of food grade pigments. Food Technol Biotechnol 2006;44:313-21.
Méndez-Zavala A, Contreras-Esquivel JC, Lara-Victoriano F, RodrÃguez-Herrera R, Aguilar CN. Fungal production of a red pigment using a xerophilic strain of Penicillium purpurogenum GH2. Rev Mex Ing QuÃm 2007;6:267-73.
Hernández-Rivera JS, Méndez-Zavala A, Pérez-Berúmen C, Contreras-Esquivel JC, RodrÃguez-Herrera R, Aguilar CN. Culture conditions to improve the red pigment production by Penicillium purpurogenum GH2. In: Soto-Cruz O, Angel PM, Gallegos-Infante A, RodrÃguez-Herrera R. editors. Advance in Food Science and Food Biotechnology in Developing Countries. Mexico: Mex Asoc Food Sci Editions, Saltillo; 2008. p. 108-12.
Espinoza-Hernández TC, Rodriguez-Herrera RA, Contreras-Esquivel JC. Physiological characterization of fungal strains (pigment producers). In: Proceedings of the first congress of food science and food biotechnology in developing countries. Mexico: Durango, Dgo; 2004. p. 227-31.
Méndez A, Pérez C, Montañéz JC, MartÃnez G, Aguilar C. Red pigment production by Penicillium purpurogenum GH2 is influenced by pH and temperature. Biomed Biotechnol 2011;12:961-8.
Domschk H. Compendium of soil fungi. London: Academic Press; 1980. p. 859.
Gilman JC. A Manual of soil fungi. 2nd Indian Edition. Biotech Books Delhi; 2001.
Peterson RRM, Bridge PD. Biochemical techniques for filamentous fungi. IMI technical handbook 1, CAB Int; 1994.
Gupta P, Samant K, Sahu A. Isolation of cellulose-degrading bacteria and determination of their cellulolytic potential. Int J Microbiol 2012;1-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/578925.
Singh AK, Maharana AK, Masih H, Kumar Y, Mishra SK. Production, optimization and purification of bacterial cellulase by solid-state bioprocessing of agro biomass. Res J Pharm Biol Chem Sci 2012b;3:977-89.
Mandel’s M, Adreotti R, Roche C. Measurement of saccharifying cellulase. Biotechnol Bioeng Symp 1976;6:21-3.
Ghose TK. Measurement of cellulase activities. Pure Appl Chem 1987;59:257-68.
Sharma D, Gupta C, Aggarwal S, Nagpal N. Pigment extraction from fungus for textile dyeing. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2012;37:68-73.
Tiwari KL, Jadhav SK, Kumar A. Morphological and molecular study of different Penicillium species. Middle-East J Sci Res 2011;7:203-10.
Hon DNS. Chemical modification of lignocellulosic material. Marcel Dekker, New York; 1996.
Raju GU, Kumarappa S. Experimental study on mechanical properties of groundnut shell particle-reinforced epoxy composites. J Reinf Plast Compos 2011;30:1029-37.
Arifo N, Ogel ZB. Avicel-absorbable endoglucanase production by the thermophilic fungus Scytalidium thermophilum type culture Torula thermophila. Enzyme Microb Technol 2000;27:560-9.
Padmavathi T, Nandy V, Agarwal P. Optimization of the medium for the production of cellulases by Aspergillus terreus and Mucor plumbeus. Eur J Exp Biol 2012;2:1161-70.
Suto M, Tomita F. Induction and catabolite repression mechanisms of cellulose in fungi. J Biosci Bioeng 2001;92:305-11.
Cho YJ, Park JP, Hwang HJ, Kim SW, Choi JWM, Yun JW. Production of red pigment by submerged culture of Paecilomyces sinclairii. Lett Appl Microbiol 2002;35:195-202.
Gunasekaran S, Poorniammal R. Optimization of fermentation conditions for red pigment production from Penicillium sp. under submerged cultivation. Afr J Biotechnol 2008;7:1894-8.
Lin TF, Demain AL. Effect of nutrition of Monascus sp. on the formation of red pigments. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 1991;36:70-5.
Orozco SF, Kilikian BV. Effect of pH on citrinin and red pigments production by Monascus purpureus CCT3802. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2008;24:263-8.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
