FORMULATION AND STORAGE STABILITY OF BETA CAROTENE ENRICHED VITAMIN D3 AND OMEGA 3 FORTIFIED COLD PRESSED VIRGIN COCONUT OIL
Keywords:
Coconut flakes, Nil, Vitamin D3, CPFSO, CPVCOAbstract
Objective: The general objective of this study is to formulate beta carotene enriched, vitaminD3 and omega 3 fortified Cold Pressed Virgin Coconut Oil (CPVCO) and to analyze proximate composition and shelf life of beta carotene, vitaminD3 and omega 3 enriched CPVCO.
Methods: The CPVCO was prepared out of fresh full fat coconut flakes by cold pressed method. Vitamin D3, beta carotene, Cold Pressed Flax Seed Oil (CPFSO) and orange oil were added to CPVCO and carefully homogenized for 15 to 30 minutes. Formulated oil was packed in High Density Poly Ethylene (HDPE) bottles and stored at room temperature. The shelf life study of this oil was carried out for a period of 10 months.
Results: The proximate compositions of formulated CPVCO with Vitamin D3, β- carotene and CPFSO with regard to the proportion of fatty acids caprylic acid, myristic acid, steric acid, palmitic acid were all within the recommended standard limits in accordance APCC standard for formulated CPVCO. Whereas, lauric acid and capric acid were found to be slightly differ from APCC standard. However, the comparison of oil was concerned, the original CPVCO was amounting to 88.5% and the remaining were 10% of CPFSO and 1.5% orange oil. In accordance with APCC (Asian and Pacific Coconut Committee), the microbial load and peroxide value of CPVCO were within safe limits up to 10 months.
Conclusion: In the present study, it was demonstrated that CPVCO was a suitable medium for producing value added functional oil. Apart from being healthy oil, CPVCO may also be used as a nutraceutical product.
Downloads
References
J., Rahayu RD. Handayani Extraction of coconut oil (Cocos nucifera L. J Through Fermentation System 2009;10:151-7.
Chiaw SY, S. M, L. M, Asian J. Choon virgin coconut oil:assessment of antimicrobiological potential. J Food and AgroIndustry 2010;3(6):567-79.
G. K, T., J. Beneficial effect of virgin coconut oil on lipid parameters and in vitro LDL oxidation. J Biochemistry 2004;37:830-5.
G. K, T., European J. Influence of virgin coconut oil on blood coagulation factors, lipid levels and LDL oxidation in cholesterol fed Sprague-Dawley rats. J Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism 2008;3:1-8.
S., A., K., J., D. K. Oungbho Characterization of aromatherapy massage oil prepared from virgin coconut oil and some essential oils. J of the American Oil Chemists Society 2007;87:93-107.
J. M. Foale Coconut in the human diet-an excellent component. J Information Int 2003;10:17-9.
V. V, Mendoza RCT, J. Garcia Comparative physico-chemical characteristics of virgin coconut oil produced by different methods. J Agricultural Sci 2005;88:462-75.
M. A, Man SAH, M. B, Amin I. Marina Anti-oxidant capacity and phenolic acids of virgin coconut oil. Int J of Food Sci an Nutrition 2009;60:114-23.
A. Sommer Blindness:Xerophthalmia and Keratomalacia1982.
S. S, J. Harris strategies for controlling micronutrients malnutrition:a technical workshop. 123.1993:773-87.
B., D. A, Dadzie KY. Thylelors grel R and Global data on blindness. J Bulletin of the World Health Organization 73.1995:115-21.
United SCN, Nations ACC, A., N. SC. Controlling Vitamin Based on the ACC/Group Meeting on Strategies for the Control of Vitamin Lavenham, Suffolk, England:Lavenham Press Ltda. Am J Public Health 1994;81.
Bendich A, Olson JA. Biological actions of carotenoids. FASEB journal:official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology 1989;3(8):1927-32.
D. RM, F. J, D. I, de Oliveira JE, J. Fa´varo Studies on fortification of refined soybean oil with all-trans retinyl palmitate in Brazil:stability during cooking and storage. J Comp Anal 4.1991:237-44.
Holick MF. Resurrection of vitamin D deficiency and rickets. J of Clinical Investigation 2006;116(8):2062-72.
Holick D, F. M, M., Favus MJ, Washington DC. photobiology, metabolism, mechanism of action, and clinical applications.p. 129-37.
Bouillon R, Vitamin D, De Groot LJ, Jameson JL. from photo-synthesis, metabolism, and action to clinical applications. J In Eds Endocrinology Philadelphia WB Saunders 2001:1009-28.
DeLuca HF. Overview of general physiologic features and functions of vitamin D. American J of Clinical Nutrition 2004;80(6 Suppl):1689S-96S.
J. Balasubramanian Ganesan Carl Brothersen & Donald Fortification of Foods with Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acidsâ€, Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. Am J Public Health 2014;54:98-114.
Association of Official Analytical Chemists official methods of analysis. J Washington Dc Association Chemists 1990.
Gopalan C. et al, ‘’Nutritive value of Indian Foods’’, NIN, ICMR. Am J Public Health 1996.
AOAC. Official methods of analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, International 18th Edn, Washington DC 2005.
AOCS method cd,†Iodine value of fats and oils wijis method†172.723 Revised. Am J Public Health 1993:1-25.
AOCS method cd,†Saponification value (Reapproved 184. 1472. 1989:3-25.
Aocs. Official methods and recommended practices of American oil chemist’s society method. Cc 725 Method for identify refractive index RI or n of oils. 2002:7-25.
Aocs. Official methods and recommended practices of the American oil chemist’s society,. 4th edition. edited by D Fierstone. J American Oil Chemists Society Champaign 1989:5a-40.
Manikandan E, A., R., Sciences VOL. Cold pressed virgin coconut oil from full fat coconut flakes-A functional food, Int J of Pharmacy and Pharm Am J Public Health 2014.
A. L, A., G. M, D. M, P. C, M. O. Kamariah Ching and Physico-chemical and quality characteristics of virgin coconut oil-survey. J Trop Agric and Fd Sc 2008;36(2)
Marina J, Cheman K and Amin I, Virgin coconut oil:emerging functional food oil. J Trends in Food Sci and Technology 2009;20:481-7.
Henna Lu, FS and Tan PP, A Comparative study of storage stability in virgin coconut oil and extra virgin Olive oil upon thermal treatment. Int Food Res J 2009.16:343-54.
Lide DR, Boco E, C. CR. Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,. 76th USA. Am J Public Health 1996.
Dayrit FM, Buenafe OEM, Chainani ET, de Vera IMS. Analysis of monoglycerides, diglycerides, sterols, and free fatty acids in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) oil by 31P NMR spectroscopy. J Agric Food Chem 2008;56(14):5765-9.