APPLICATION OF NANOSILVER FOR PREVENTION OF RECURRENT DENTAL CARIES IN PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM XEROSTOMIA.
Keywords:
Xerostomia, Nanosilver, Dental composite, Abnormal oral milieu, BiofilmAbstract
Objective: Prevention of recurrent caries due to decreased oral clearance and an abnormal microbial milieu in patients suffering from xerostomia poses a significant challenge in restorative dentistry. The present study was designed to control Gram negative bacilli and S. aureus which comprise a majority of such atypical populations by using nanosilver modified dental composite.
Methods: Silver nanoparticles were synthesised by the chemical reduction process using polyvinyl pyrrolidone as a stabilizer and ethylene glycol as the reducing agent. Nanoparticles were characterized using UV visible spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray analyser. Additionally a nanoparticle analyzer was used to determine the particle size and zeta potential of the nanosilver synthesized. The minimum inhibitory concentration of nanosilver for the test organisms was determined. Further, nanoparticle impregnated Anterior/ Posterior Nano-Hybrid composite was used to evaluate microbial biofilm inhibition.
Results: The average size and charge of the nanoparticles were confirmed to be 80 nm and -10mV respectively. Atomic absorption spectroscopy revealed the concentration of the nanoparticles in solution to be 998.5 ppm. The minimum inhibitory concentration of nanosilver for E. coli and Ps. aeruginosa was found to be 0.49 ppm and 0.975 ppm respectively. A slightly higher concentration of 1.95 ppm nanosilver was required to inhibit S. aureus. The minimum bactericidal concentration/minimum inhibitory concentration ratio was ≤4 which indicated that nanoparticles displayed a predominant bactericidal activity against the test organisms. The Nano-Hybrid composite studies demonstrated a 102to105 fold decrease in the viable count of bacteria as compared to the control.
Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the potential of silver nanoparticles, for controlling the formation of secondary dental caries due to pathogenic oropharyngeal colonization in patients suffering from xerostomia.
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