EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC FLOWER EXTRACT OF SPATHODEA CAMPANULATA ON STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC NEUROPATHY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i5.21968Keywords:
Spathodea campanulata, Neuropathy, Hyperalgesia, StreptozotocinAbstract
Objective: To evaluate the effect of ethanolic extract of the flower of Spathodea camapanulata (EFESC) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy.
Methods: Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) was induced in overnight fasted adult wistar strain albino male rats weighing 160-200g by a single intraperitoneal injection (i. p) of streptozotocin (STZ-65 mg/kg). The rats were randomized into six groups, with six animals each, namely normal control (NC) (Treated with 1% carboxymethyl cellulose solution), diabetic control (DC) (65 mg/kg., i. p. STZ), test group treated at various doses of EFESC250, EFESC500, and EFESC750, standard control-glibenclamide0.25 mg/kg b.w.(SCG) and the treatment has begun from the day of blood sugar level (BSL) detection after the STZ treatment. Body weight was checked daily and serum glucose levels were measured at 48 h, 15th and 28th d of study. Reaction time to thermal hyperalgesia and cold allodynia were measured after induction of diabetes. In vitro, aldose reductase inhibition assay was carried out.
Results: The preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the steroids, terpenoids, coumarins, carbohydrates, tannins, glycosides, and flavonoids in EFESC. DC group showed decreased in reaction time (hyperalgesia) compared to NC while a significant increase in reaction time was observed at various doses EFESC250, EFESC500, EFESC750 and SCG0.25. EFESC at various doses showed the significant reduction in BSL and body weight on 15th and 28th d in STZ diabetic rat at various dose levels. In vitro, aldose reductase inhibition was observed with an IC50 at 131 μg/ml.
Conclusion: EFESC showed reduced in BSL and prevents hyperalgesia in experimental diabetic neuropathy. It also reduced aldose-reductase level that may play an important role in reducing the complication of diabetic neuropathy.
Downloads
References
Edwin E, Sheeja E, Dhanabal S, Suresh B. Antihyperglycemic activity of Passiflora mollissima bailey. Indian J Pharm Sci 2007;69:570-1.
Kamenov ZA, Parapunova RA, Georgieva RT. Earlier development of diabetic neuropathy in men than in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Gend Med 2010;7:600-15.
Inukai T, Fujiwara Y, Tayama K, Aso Y, Takemura Y. Serum levels of carboxy-terminal propeptide of human type I procollagen are an indicator for the progression of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2000;48:23-8.
Chait A, Bornfeldt KE. Diabetes and atherosclerosis: is there a role for hyperglycemia? J Lipid Res 2009;50 Suppl:S335-S9.
Romero Aroca P, Fernandez Balart J, Baget Bernaldiz M, Martinez Salcedo I, Mendez Marin I, Salvat Serra M, et al. Changes in the diabetic retinopathy epidemiology after 14 y in a population of type 1 and 2 diabetic patients after the new diabetes mellitus diagnosis criteria and a more strict control of the patients. J Diabetes Complications 2009;23:229-38.
Dyck PJ, Kratz K, Karnes J, Litchy WJ, Klein R, Pach J, et al. The prevalence by staged severity of various types of diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy in a population-based cohort the rochester diabetic neuropathy study. Neurology 1993;43:817.
Yadav SK, Nagori BP, Desai PK. Pharmacological characterization of different fractions of Calotropis procera (Asclepiadaceae) in streptozotocin-induced experimental model of diabetic neuropathy. J Ethnopharmacol 2014;152:349-57.
Boulton A, Ward J. Diabetic neuropathies and pain. Clin Endocrinol Metabol 1986;15:917-31.
Pulipati S, Parveen SH, Babu RK. Pharmacognostical and physicochemical standardization of leaves of Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv J Pharmacogn Phytochem 2013;2:189-92.
Trigo J, dos Santos W. Insect mortality in Spathodea campanulata Beauv. (Bignoniaceae) flowers. Rev Bras Biol 2000;60:537-8.
Liu J. Pharmacology of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid. J Ethnopharmacol 1995;49:57-68.
Kovoor A. Comparative effect of the intra-calicinal fluid of Spathodea campanulata Beauv. on the growth of plant tissue cultures. C R Hebd Seances Acad Sci 1953;237:832.
Houghton P, Hylands P, Mensah A, Hensel A, Deters A. In vitro tests and ethnopharmacological investigations: wound healing as an example. J Ethnopharmacol 2005;100:100-7.
Amusan OO, Adesogan EK, Makinde JM. Antimalarial active principles of Spathodea campanulata stem bark. Phytother Res 1996;10:692-3.
Niyonzima G, Laekeman G, Witvrouw M, Van Poel B, Pieters L, Paper D, et al. Hypoglycemic, anti-complement and anti-HIV activities of Spathodea campanulata stem bark. Phytomedicine 1999;6:45-9.
Ofori Kwakye K, Kwapong A, Adu F. Antimicrobial activity of extracts and topical products of the stem bark of Spathodea campanulata for wound healing. Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med 2009;6:168-74.
Kowti R, Harsha R, Ahmed MG, Hareesh A, Gowda ST, Dinesha R, et al. Antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract of leaf and flower of Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv. Res J Pharm Biol Chem Sci 2010;1:691-8.
Niyonzima G, Scharpe S, Van Beeck L, Vlietinck A, Laekeman G, Mets T. Hypoglycaemic activity of Spathodea campanulata stem bark decoction in mice. Phytother Res 1993;7:64-7.
Scogin R. Anthocyanin of bignoniacea. Biochem Syst Ecol 1980;8:273-6.
Ghosh D, Konishi T. Anthocyanins and anthocyanin-rich extracts: role in diabetes and eye function. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr 2007;16:200-8.
KR Khandelwal. Practical pharmacognosy techniques and experiments. 19th ed. Nirali Prakashan Pune; 2007. p. 149–56.
Harbone JB. Phytochemical methods: a guide to modern techniques of plant analysis. 5th Edn. Chapman and Hill, London; 2007. p. 279-83.
Wagner H, Bladt S, Zgainski EM. TLC screening of an unknown commercial drug. Germany: Springerâ€Verlag Berlin; 2001. p. 291†305.
Frank B. Low dose streptozotocin induction protocol (Mouse). animal models of diabetic complication consortium. Available from: http://www.amdcc.org/. [Last accessed on 15 Apr 2014]
Nadig PD, Revankar RR, Dethe SM, Narayanswamy SB, Aliyar MA. Effect of Tinospora cordifolia on experimental diabetic neuropathy. Indian J Pharmacol 2012;44:580-3.
Anjaneyulu M, Chopra K. Quercetin attenuates thermal hyperalgesia and cold allodynia in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Indian J Exp Biol 2004;42:766-9.
Morani A, Bodhankar S. Neuroprotective effect of early treatment with Pioglitazone and pyridoxine hydrochloride in alloxan induced diabetes in rats. Pharmacologyonline 2007;2:418-28.
Adhikteari R, Jyothi Y, Bora D, Vamsee VA. Combined effect of aqueous extract of Curcuma longa Linn. with metformin in diabetes induced neuropathic pain in rats. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2015;8:166-70.
Hayman S, Kinoshita JH. Isolation and properties of lens aldose reductase. J Biol Chem 1965;240:877-82.
Gul H, Yildiz O, Dogrul A, Yesilyurt O, Isimer A. The interaction between IL-1β and morphine: possible mechanism of the deficiency of morphine-induced analgesia in diabetic mice. Pain 2000;89:39-45.
Calcutt NA, Chaplan SR. Spinal pharmacology of tactile allodynia in diabetic rats. Br J Phamacol 1997;122:1478-82.
Popâ€Busui R, Sima A, Stevens M. Diabetic neuropathy and oxidative stress. Diabetes/Metab Res Rev 2006;22:257-73.
Hoybergs YM, Biermans RL, Meert TF. The impact of bodyweight and body condition on behavioral testing for painful diabetic neuropathy in the streptozotocin rat model. Neurosci Lett 2008;436:13-8.
Ilnytska O, Lyzogubov VV, Stevens MJ, Drel VR, Mashtalir N, Pacher P, et al. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition alleviates experimental diabetic sensory neuropathy. Diabetes 2006;55:1686-94.
Serra J, Sola R, Quiles C, Casanova Molla J, Pascual V, Bostock H, et al. C-nociceptors sensitized to cold in a patient with small-fiber neuropathy and cold allodynia. PAIN 2009;147:46-53.
Fruhstorfer H. Thermal sensibility changes during ischemic nerve block. Pain 1984;20:355-61.
Yarnitsky D, Ochoa JL. Release of cold-induced burning pain by block of cold-specific afferent input. Brain 1990;113:893-902.
Ochoa JL, Yarnitsky D. The triple cold syndrome. Brain 1994;117:185-97.
Campero M, Baumann T, Bostock H, Ochoa J. Human cutaneous C fibres activated by cooling, heating and menthol. J Physiol 2009;587:5633-52.
Ngouela S, Tsamo E, Sondengam BL. Extractives from bignoniaceae: constituents of the stem bark of Spathodea campanulata. Planta Med 1988;54:476-85.
Kumaresan M, Palanisamy P, Kumar P. Chemical investigation of flower of Spathodea campanulata by GC-MS. J Nat Prod Plant Resour 2011;1:14-7.
Baluchnejadmojarad T, Roghani M, Khastehkhodaie Z. Chronic treatment of silymarin improves hyperalgesia and motor nerve conduction velocity in diabetic neuropathic rat. Phytother Res 2010;24:1120-5.
Ilodigwe EE, Akah PA, Nworu CS. Anticonvulsant activity of ethanol leaf extract of Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv (Bignoniaceae). J Med Food 2010;13:827-33.
Ilodigwe EE, Akah PA. Spathodea campanulata: an experimental evaluation of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of a traditional remedy. Asian J Med Sci 2009;1:235-8.
Brownlee M. Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications. Nature 2001;414:813-20.
Gupta NK, Shrivastav N, Puri S, Bubber P, Puri V. Neuroprotective potential of Azadirachta indica leaves in diabetic rats. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2017;10:243-8.
Jaspan J, Herold K, Maselli R, Bartkus C. Treatment of severely painful diabetic neuropathy with an aldose reductase inhibitor: relief of pain and improved somatic and autonomic nerve function. J Lance 1983;322:758-62.
Akharaiyi F, Boboye B, Adetuyi F. Antibacterial, phytochemical and antioxidant activities of the leaf extracts of Gliricidia sepium and Spathodea campanulata. World Appl Sci 2012;16:523-30.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
