EVALUATION OF FREE RADICAL SCREENING AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF MORINGA CONCANENSIS NIMMO-A MEDICINAL PLANT USED IN INDIAN TRADITIONAL MEDICATION SYSTEM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i7.26403Keywords:
Moringa concanensis, Liver, Antioxidants, Free-radicals, Oxidative stress, AlkaloidsAbstract
Objective: We aimed to investigate the free radical scavenging, antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of M. concanensis Nimmo leaves.
Methods: Free radical scavenging activity was evaluated by employing various accepted in vitro systems, such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), hydroxyl (OH) and nitric oxide (NO) radical. Antioxidant potential of M. concanensis Nimmo extract was assessed against H2O2 in goat liver by determination of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH), total reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin C, vitamin E activity, and lipid peroxidation (LPO).
Results: Results showed that the amount of plant extract of M. concanensis Nimmo required to scavenge 50% of the DPPH radicals was 401.80 μg/ml, ABTS radical was 353.14 μg/ml, OH radical was 433.71 μg/ml and NO radical was 371.24 μg/ml. Also, the pre-treatment of ethanolic extract of M. concanensis Nimmo leaves in goat liver showed a significant protection against H2O2 induced oxidative stress by retaining of antioxidants of SOD (4.76±0.25), CAT (26.81±0.25), GPx (6.41±0.34), GST (2.31±0.10), G-6-PDH (0.84±0.02), GSH (37.30±1.12), vitamin C (3.01±0.07), vitamin E (14.43±0.45) within normal range.
Conclusion: In conclusion, promising free radical scavenging, the antioxidant activity of M. concanensis Nimmo leaves can be able to treat various diseases caused by free radicals.
Downloads
References
Nazeema TH, Brindha V. Antihepatotoxic and antioxidant defense potential of Mimosa pudica. Int J Drug Dis 2009;1:1-4.
Samuel EO, Edifofon A, Omolola TF, Kevwe BE, Oluyemisi FK. Annona senegalensis persoon (Annonaceae): a review of its ethnomedicinal uses, biological activities and phytocompounds. J Pharm Phytochem 2016;5:211-9.
Gomathi D, Ravikumar G, Kalaiselvi M, Vidya B, Uma C. In vitro free radical scavenging activity of ethanolic extract of the whole plant of Evoluulus alsinoides L. Chinese J Int Med 2015;21:453-8.
http://www.frame-uk.demon.co.uk/atlahome.htm. [Last accessed on 01 Mar 2018]
Anbazhagan S, Dhandapani R, Anandhakumar P, Balu S. Traditional medicinal knowledge on Moringa concanensis nimmo of perambalur district, Tamilnadu. Ancient Sci Life 2007;26:42-5.
Ravichandran V, Arunachalam G, Subramanian N, Suresh B. Pharmacognostical and phytochemical investigations of Moringa concanensis (Moringaceae) an ethnomedicine of Nilgiris. J Pharm Phytother 2009;1:76-81.
Jayabharathi M, Chitra M. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activity of Moringa concanensis nimmo. J Chem Pharm Res 2011;3:802-6.
Santhi K, Sengottuvel R. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of Moringa concanensis Nimmo. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 2016;5:633-40.
Rao CV, Hussain T, Verma AR, Kumar N, Vijaykumar M, Reddy GD. Evaluation of the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Moringa concanensis tender fruits. Asian J Trad Med 2008;3:95-2.
Balamurugan V, Balakrishnan V, Robinson JP, Ramakrishnan M. Anticancer and apoptosis-inducing effects of Moringa concanensis using hepG2 cell lines. Bang J Pharmacol 2014;9:604-9.
Shukla S, Mathur R, Prakash AO. Anti-implantation efficacy of Moringa concanensis nimmo in rats. Int J Crude Drug Res 2008;26:29-32.
Joy AE, Kunhikatta SB, Manikkoth S. Anti-convulsant activity of ethanolic extract of Moringa concanensis leaves in swiss albino mice. Arch Med Health Sci 2015;1:6-9.
Balamurugan V, Balakrishnan V. Evaluation of phytochemical, pharmacognostical and antimicrobial activity from the bark of Moringa concanensis nimmo. Int J Curr Micobiol Appl Sci 2013;2:117-5.
Brindha Banu B, Kalaivani K. Moringa concanensis nimmo ameliorates hyperglycemia in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by upregulating PPAR-γ, C/EBP-α via Akt signalling pathway and STZ-induced diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2018;108:719-28.
Makris DP, Boskou G, Andrikopoulos NK. Recovery of antioxidant phenolics from white vinification solid by-products employing water-ethanol mixtures. Bioresour Technol 2007;98:2963-7.
Giao MS, Gonzalez SML, Rivero PMD, Pereira CI, Pintado ME, Malcata FX. Infusions of portuguese medicinal plants: dependence of final antioxidant capacity and phenolic content on extraction features. J Sci Food Agric 2007;87:2638-47.
Rajeshwar Y, Senthilkumar GP, Malay AG, Mazumder UK. Studies on in vitro antioxidant activities of methanol extract of Mucuna pruriens (Fabaceae) seeds. Eur Bull Drug Res 2005;13:131-8.
Madan MP, Raghavan G, Ajay KSR, Prabhu P. Free radical scavenging potential of Saussurea costus. Acta Pharm 2005;55:297-4.
Das S, Vasishat S, Snehlata R, Das N, Srivastava LM. Correlation between total antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation in hypercholesterolemia. Curr Sci 2000;78:486-7.
Sinha AK. Colorimetric assay of catalase. Anal Biochem 1972;47:389-4.
Rotruck JT, Pope AL, Ganther HE. Selenium, biochemical role as a component of glutathione peroxidase purification and assay. Science 1973;179:588-90.
Habig W, Pabst MJ, Jacob WB. Glutathione-S-transferase the first enzyme step in mercapturic acid formation. J Biol Chem 1974;249:7130-9.
Balinsky D, Bernstein RE. The purification and properties of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from human erythrocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1963;67:313-5.
Moron MS, Depierre JW, Mannervik B. Levels of glutathione, glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase activities in rat lung and liver. Biochim Biophys Acta 1979;582:67-78.
Omaye ST, Turnbull TP, Sauberchich HC. Selected methods for determination of ascorbic acid in cells, tissues and fluids. Method Enzymol 1979;62:3-11.
Rosenberg HR. Chemistry and physiology of the vitamins. Interscience Publishers Inc., New York; 1992. p. 452-3.
Uchiyama M, Mihara M. Determination of MDA precursor in tissues by the thiobarbituric acid test. Anal Biochem 1978;86:271-8.
Swargiary A, Roy B. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant property of shoot extracts of Alpinia nigra (Gaertn.) burtt (Family-Zingiberaceae). Med Plants Int J Phytomed India 2015;7:48-54.
Kaur R, Arora S. Alkaloids-important therapeutic secondary metabolites of plant origin. J Crit Rev 2015;2:1-8.
Meher R, Rao DM, Reddy KA. Phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity of Spathodea campunalata stem extracts. Int J Phytomed 2015;7:209-18.
Chanda S, Dave R, Kaneria M. In vitro antioxidant property of some Indian medicinal plants. Res J Med Plant 2011;5:169-79.
Lugasi A, Hovari J, Sagi KV, BÃro L. The role of antioxidant phytonutrients in the prevention of diseases. Acta Biol Szeged 2003;47:119-25.
Kumarappan CT, Thilagam E, Mandal SC. Antioxidant activity of polyphenolic extracts of Ichnocarpus frutescens. Saudi J Biol Sci 2012;19:349-55.
Usha B, Pushpalatha. In vitro antioxidant activity and phytochemical screening of leaf extracts of Grewia heterotricha mast. Int J Curr Pharm Res 2016;8:68-72.
Geetha S, Irulandi K, Mehalingam P. Evaluation of antioxidant and free radical activities of different solvent extracts of leaves of Piper umbellatum. Asian J Pham Clin Res 2017;10:274-6.
Hagerman AE, Riedl KM, Jones GA, Sovik KN, Ritchard NT, Hartzfeld PW, et al. High molecular weight plant polyphenolics (tannins) as biological antioxidants. J Agric Food Chem 1998;46:1887-92.
Goncalves C, Dinis T, Batista MT. Antioxidant properties of proanthocyanidins of Uncaria tomentosa bark decoction: a mechanism for anti-inflammatory activity. Phytochemistry 2005;66:89-98.
Halliwell B, Gutteridge J. Formation of a thiobarbituricâ€acid reactive substance from deoxyribose in the presence of iron salts: the role of superoxide and hydroxyl radicals. FEBS Lett 1981;128:347-52.
Sutar RC, Kalaichelvan VK. Evaluation of antioxidant activity of leaf extracts of Holoptelea integrifolia (ROXB) planch. Int J Appl Pharm 2014;16:6-8.
Shami PJ, Moore JO, Gockerman JP, Hathorn JW, Misukonis MA, Weinberg JB. Nitric oxide modulation of the growth and differentiation of freshly isolated acute non-lymphocytic leukemia cells. Leuk Res 1995;19:527-33.
Sainani GS, Manika JS, Sainani RG. Oxidative stress. A key factor in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases. Med Uptake 1997;7:1-5.
Sagbo IJ. Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial properties of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Brachylaena elliptica and Brachylaena ilicifolia (MSc Dissertation). South Africa: University of Fort Hare; 2015.
Jethinlalkhosh JP, Antony A, Praveena P, Victor Arokia Doss D. Phytochemical, antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of a hydro ethanolic extract of aerial parts of Pothos scandens L. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2016;9:236-9.
McCord JM. The evolution of free radicals and oxidative stress. Am J Med 2000;108:652-9.
Masella R, Di Benedetto R, Vari R, Filesi C, Giovannini C. Novel mechanisms of natural antioxidant compounds in biological systems: involvement of glutathione and glutathione-related enzymes. J Nutr Biochem 2005;16:577-86.
Yousef MI, Saad AA, El-Shennawy LK. Protective effect of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract against oxidative stress induced by cisplatin in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2009;47:1176-83.
Lindholm C, Acheva A, Salomaa S. Clastogenic plasma factors: a short overview. Rad Environ Biophys 2010;49:133-8.
Vidya R, Kalaivani K, Venkatesh R. Antioxidant activity of goat liver slices treated with cucumis melo (L). Fruit extract. Int J Pharm Sci Res 2014;5:4846-50.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
