ASSESSMENT OF ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF CASSIA FISTULA L. FRUIT PULP AGAINST ALTERNARIA SOLANI
Keywords:
Antifungal activity, Cold extraction, Hot extraction, Poison food technique, MIC, MFCAbstract
In the present study antifungal activity of crude and partially purified extracts of Cassia fistula L. fruit pulp has been assayed against Alternaria solani which is responsible for early blight of potato. Cold and hot extracts of fruit pulp was prepared in different organic solvents, which were subsequently recycled by rotary vacuum evaporator. Antifungal activity of different fractions was determined by poison food technique. Maximum percent extractive value was obtained with alcoholic extract. Maximum inhibitory activity was observed with 100% alcohol crude extract and partially purified chloroform extract against Alternaria solani. Mancozeb and bavistin were used as standards. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of chloroform fraction of Cassia fistula fruit pulp was investigated against Alternaria solani. Results suggest that Cassia fistula L. fruit pulp extract can be used to develop a biocontrol agent against Alternaria solani. The antifungal activity of the Cassia fistula was due to the presence of various secondary metabolites. Hence, this plant can be used to discover bioactive natural products that may serve as leads in the development of new pharmaceuticals research activities.
Downloads
References
Houghton PJ. The role of plants in traditional medicine and current therapy. J Altern Complement Med 1995;1:131-43.
Runyoro D, Matee M, Olipa N, Joseph C, Mbwambo H. Screening of Tanzanian meditional plants for anti-Candida activity. BMC Complement Altern Med 2006;30:6-11.
Dahanukar SA, Kulkarni RA, Rege NN. Pharmacology of meditional plants and natural products. Indian J Pharmacol 2000;32:S81-118.
Ramasamy S, Charles MA. Antibacterial effect of volatile components of selected medicinal plants against human pathogens. Asian J Microbiol Biotech Environ 2004;6:209-10.
Pasche JS, Piche LM, Gudmestad NC. Effect of the F129L mutation in Alternaria solani on fungicides affecting mitochondrial respiration. Plant Dis 2005;89:269–78.
Wharton P, Kirk W. Early Blight Extention Bulletin E-2991. Dept of Pl Pathol, Michigan State University; 2007.
Raju RA. Transformation of Herbicidal Technology Chemical based to Ecological Concern. Published by Daye publishing house, Delhi; 2001.
Cuthbertson AGS, Murchie AK. Economic Spray Threshold in Need Revision in Northern Irish Bramly Orchad, Biological News; 2003.
Shiva V, Pande P, Singh J. Principles of Organic Farming, Renewing the Earth’s Harvest. Published by Navdanya, New Delhi; 2004.
Kagale S, Marimuthu T, Thayumanavan B, Nandakumar R, Samiyappan R. Antimicrobial activity and induction of systemic resistance in rice by leaf extract of Datura metel against rhizoctonia solani and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol 2004;65:91–100.
Gupta RK. Medicinal and Aromatic plants. CBS publishers & distributors, 1st edition; 2010.
Abubacker MN, Ramanathan R, Kumar TS. In vitro antifungal activity of Cassia alata Linn. Flower extract. Nat Prod Radian 2008;7:6-9.
Hajra S, Mehta A, Pandey P. Assessment of antimicrobial activity of Cassia fistula and Flacoartia indica leaves. J Pharm Res 2011;4:2432-35.
Bhalodia NR, Nariya PB, Acharya RN, Shukla VJ. In vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities of Cassia fistula Linn. fruit pulp extracts. Ayu 2012;33:123–9.
Shadomy S, Ingraff EA. Manual of Clinical Microbiology (Lennet E. H., Spauling E. H., Truant, J. P. eds), American Society of Microbiology, Washington; 1974.
Harborne JB. Methods of plant analysis. In phytochemical methods. London, NewYork: Chapman and hill; 1984.
Groover RK, Moore JD. Toxicometric studies of Fungicides against the brown root organisms Sclerotinia fructicola and S. laxa. Phytopatho 1962;52:876-80.
Collee FG, Miles RS, Watt B. Test for the Identification of Bacteria. In: Mackie and McCartney Practical Medical Microbiology. G Collee, AG Fraser, BP Marmion, A. Simmons eds.), Longman Singapore Publishes Ltd, Singapore; 1996.
Cowan MM. Plant products as antimicrobial agents. Clin Microbiol Rev 1999;12:564-82.
Ghosh M, Thangamani D, Thapliyal M, Yashoda R, Gurumurthi K. Purification of a 20 KD antifungal protein from plumbago capansis-a medicinal plant. J Med Aroma Pl Sci 2002;24:16-8.
Kokate CK, Purohit AP, Gokhale SB. Pharmacognogy In: Analytic pharmacognosy (7th ed.), Nirali Prakashan, Pune; 1990.
Scalbert A. Antimicrobial properties of tannins. Phytochem 1991;30:3875-83.
Zhang Y, Lewis K. Fabatins: New antimicrobial plant polypeptides. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1997;149:59-64.