EXPLORATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPONENTS OF THUNBERGIA COCCINEA, ITS PHARMACOGNOSTIC, ANTIOXIDANT, GCMS AND ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC STUDIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2020v12i6.37290Keywords:
Thunbergia coccinea, Ethnomedicine, Pharmacognosy, Phytochemicals, Antioxidant assays, IC50 value, Antihyperglycemic, Nil, Nil, GCMSAbstract
Objective: An effort currently made to appraise the preliminary phytochemical, pharmacognostic criteria, antioxidant, GCMS and antihyperglycemic investigations of the Thunbergia coccinea leaves. Thunbergia coccinea (T. coccinea) is an ornamental plant considerably practiced by the tribes of forest areas of Assam (INDIA) as an analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antidote, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic and detoxificant substance.
Methods: A comprehensive literature survey was conducted to recognize the ethnomedicinal value of T. coccinea, which is currently grown practically in all provinces. The physicochemical constants like moisture content, ash values especially total ash, insoluble acid ash, water-soluble ash and foreign organic matter were determined for the assessment of the drug. Pharmacognostic parameters like fluorescence examination and microscopic characters of the leaf were studied that would serve to verify for contamination. The extract secured by maceration was subjected to the phytochemical inquiry to determine the existence of substances and their antioxidant activity.
The antihyperglycemic characteristic of alcoholic extract of the leaf was examined with the inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) studies of alcoholic extract of the plant leaf have undertaken to get an insight into the therapeutic properties of the molecules present based on online PASS prediction.
Results: Various physicochemical, microscopic parameters studied gave a clear distinguishing and identifying features of T. coccinea leaf. Phytochemical screening gave an insight into the secondary metabolites existing in the plant leaf through picturizing its therapeutic properties against various ailments. Both extracts of T. coccinea leaf showed enhanced antioxidant activities.
Nevertheless, the alcoholic leaf extract has shown significant antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 171.38±2.51 μg/ml and AQTC an IC50 value of 206.29±4.5 μg/ml respectively by DPPH method. Further, ACTC showed a better-reducing potential with an IC50 value of 105.74±0.61 μg/ml in comparison with AQTC IC50 value of 203.702±0.97 μg/ml by FRP method. The inhibition potentiality of α-amylase and α-glucosidase was found to be 71.66 % and 83.74 %, respectively at 500 µg/ml that rationally an adequate remedy in the treatment of type-2 diabetes. GCMS studies of the alcoholic extract unveiled the presence of different molecules like Glycerol, tris (trimethylsilyl) ether, 3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol, Undecanoic acid, Ethyl ester, Phytol in comparison with NIST library, thereby giving its predicted therapeutic properties like sugar phosphatase inhibitor, antifungal, phobic disorders treatment, antiviral and so on.
Conclusion: The selected plant had many proven therapeutic traits and, possibly, successively united on to the sort of potential therapeutic plants. Besides, isolation and discoveries will lead to the detection of certain novel compounds, which will be of potential medicinal value.
Downloads
References
Cragg GM, Newman DJ. Plants as a source of anti-cancer agents. J Ethnopharmacol 2005;100:72-9.
Verma, Navneet. A brief study on catharanthus roseus: a review. Int J Res Pharm Pharm Sci 2017;2:20-3.
GM Cragg, DJ Newman. Plants as a source of anti‐cancer and anti‐HIV agents. Ann Appl Biol Wiley Online Library 2005;143:127-33.
Balunas MJ, Kinghorn AD. Drug discovery from medicinal plants. Life Sci 2005;78:431-41.
DS Fabricant, NR Farnsworth. The value of plants used in traditional medicine for drug discovery. Environ Health Perspect 2001;109 Suppl 1:69–75.
Chatterjee, Sabyasachi, Sultana, Kaniz Wahida, Roy, Anindita, Chandra Indrani. An overview of ethnopharmacological and phytochemical properties of Thunbergia. Med Aromat Plants 2015;4:5.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunbergia [Last accessed on 15 Jan 2020]
Moe Pwint Phyu, Jitbanjong Tangpong. Protective effect of Thunbergia laurifolia (Linn.) on lead-induced acetylcholinesterase dysfunction and cognitive impairment in mice. Biomed Res Int 2013. Doi:10.1155/2013/186098
Boonyarikpunchai W, Sukrong S, Towiwat P. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of rosmarinic acid isolated from Thunbergia laurifolia lindl. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014;124:67-73.
Chivapat S, Chavalittumrong P, Attawish A, Bansiddhi J, Padungpat S. Chronic toxicity of Thunbergia laurifolia lindl. Extract J Thai Traditional Alternative Med 2009;7:17-24.
Aritajat S, Wutteerapol S, Saenphet K. Anti-diabetic effect of Thunbergia laurifolia linn. aqueous extract. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2004;35 Suppl 2:53-8.
Tejasen P, Thongthapp C. The study of the insecticide antitoxicity of Thunbergia laurifolia linn. Chiang Mai Med Bull 1980;19:105–14.
Thongsaard W, Marsden CA, Morris P, Prior M, Shah YB. Effect of Thunbergia laurifolia a Thai natural product used to treat drug addiction, on cerebral activity detected by functional magnetic resonance imaging in the rat. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2005;180:752–60.
S Ussanawarong, P Mahakunakorn, T Thessiri, S Porasupattana. Effect of Thunbergia laurifolia linn. on detoxication of paraquat. Khon Kaen Univ Res J 2000;5:11–7.
Pramyothin P, Chirdchupunsare H, Runsipipat A, Chaichantipyuth C. Hepatoprotective activity of Thunbergia laurifolia linn extract in rats treated with ethanol: in vitro and in vivo studies. J Ethnopharmacol 2005;102:408-11.
Srida C, Hankete J, Khunkitti W, Aromdee C, Srida C, Pese M, et al. Antioxidant activity of Thunbergia laurifolia ethanolic extract. Thai J Pham Sci 2002;26:1.
Jsr, S Jenifer, Priya, Sonali, Laveena D, John S, et al. Sensitivity patterns of some flowering plants against Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. World J Pharm Pharm Sci 2014;3:1212-20.
Chowdhury AR, Shams-Ud-Doha KM, Ahmed T. Phytochemical and biological Investigations of Thunbergia grandiflora-Characterization of phytochemical compounds and pharmacological activities of Thunbergia grandiflora. LAP; 2012. p. 112.
Jeeva, Solomon, Johnson M, Aparna J, Irudayaraj V. Preliminary phytochemical and anti-bacterial studies on flowers of selected medicinal plants. Int J Med Aromatic Plants 2011;1:107-14.
SN Yoganarasimhan. Medicinal plants of India, Tamilnadu. Cyber Media; 2000. p. 2.
Kabir MSH, Ahmad S, Mahamood Md S, Masum Md AA, Kamala ATM, et al. Evaluation of total condensed tannin content and anthelmintic activities of organic extracts of four Bangladeshi plants on Tubifex tubifex worm using in vitro method. Int J Pharm 2015;5:903-10.
Kar NK Goswami, D Saharia. Distribution and traditional uses of Thunbergia Retzius (Acanthaceae) in Assam, India. Pleione 2013;7:325-32.
Mir, Aabid, Upadhaya, Krishna, Choudhury. Diversity of endemic and threatened ethnomedicinal plant species in meghalaya, North-East India. Int Res J Environ Sci 2014;3:64-78.
Victoria SH, Das S, Lalhlenmawia H, Phucho L, Shantabi L. Study of analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity of the leaves of Thunbergia coccinea Wall. Int Multidiscip Res J 2012;2:83-8.
Victoria D, Das S, Lalhlenmawia H, Shantabi L, Sarda SH. Antioxidant activities of the leaves of Thunbergia coccinea wall. Int J Phytopharm 2014;5:441-4.
Rachel Nall, Tim Newman. Editors. Medical News Today, Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK, CRNA; 2020.
Niels Westergaard, Peter Madsen. Glucose-6-phosphatase inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2001;11:1429-41.
Rasika D Bhalke, Mahendra A Giri. Pharmacognostic and phytochemical investigation of Ailanthus excelsa roxb. bark. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2020;13:74-8.
Trease G, Evans SM. Pharmacognosy. 15th ed. London: Bailer Tindal; 2002. p. 23–67.
Harborne AJ. Phytochemical methods-a guide to modern techniques of plant analysis. 2nd ed. London: Chapman and Hall; 1984. p. 4–16.
Nabanita Ghosh, Bhattacharyya DK. Isolation, characterization, and determination of antioxidative properties of protein extracted from Rohu (Labeo Rohita) fish skin. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2020;13:79-83.
Yildirim A, Mavi A, Kara AA. Determination of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Rumex crispus L. extracts. J Agric Food Chem 2001;49:4083-9.
K Mruthunjaya, VI Hukkeri. In vitro antioxidant and free radical scavenging potential of Parkinsonia aculeata linn. Pharm Mag 2013;3:15-8.
Bharathi S, S Kumaran, G Suresh, B Ramesh, MS Nalina Sundari. Phytosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Hygrophila auriculata leaf extract and assessment of their antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Int J Appl Pharm 2018;10:119-25.
Anindita Banerjee, Bithin Maji, Sandip Mukherjee, Kausik Chaudhuri, Tapan Seal. In vitro anti-diabetic and antioxidant activities of ethanol extract of Tinospora sinensis. Int J Curr Pharm Res 2017;9:42-7.
Kim YM, Jeong YK, Wang MH, Lee WY, Rhee HI. Inhibitory effect of pine extract on alpha-glucosidase activity and postprandial hyperglycemia. Nutrition 2005;21:756–61.
https://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry [Last accessed 15 Jan 2020].
SH Victoria, S Das, H Lalhlenmawia, L Phucho, L Shantabi. Study of analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activities of the leaves of Thunbergia coccinea wall. Int Multidiscip Res J 2012;2:83-8.
John S Mills, Graham A Showell. Exploitation of silicon medicinal chemistry in drug discovery. Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 2004;13:1149-57.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
