XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF PISTACIA LENTISCUS L. LEAVES EXTRACTS
Keywords:
Pistacia lentiscusL, Xanthine oxydase inhibitor, TLC, Phenolic compounds, FlavonoidsAbstract
Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the inhibition of the xanthine oxydase (XO) by the crude extract of Pistacia lentiscus L. leaves and their subsequent fractions (chloroformic, ethyl acetate, butanolic and aqueous) in order to find a natural substitute which could have a superior effect of inhibiting XO activity and can be used as an alternative to allopurinol witch is used in therapeutic and clinical management of gout.
Methods: The degree of XO inhibitory activity was determined by measuring the absorbance spectrophotometrically at 295 nm, which is associated with uric acid formation. The different extracts were subjected to chemical screening for preliminary identification of the secondary metabolites. Phenolic acids and flavonoids detected were quantitatively determined.
Results: The results have shown that the crude and ethyl acetate extracts were found to have XO inhibitory activity reaching more than 50 % at a concentration of 100 mg/mL (ethyl acetate fraction with 60.2 %, Necessary concentration to inhibe 50% of xanthine oxidase (IC50) = 2.50, the crude with 55.3 %, IC50 = 2.57), for the butanolic fraction the inhibition reaches 17.5 %, the aqueous 15.4 % and chloroformic 4.5 %.
The comparison was also made with a positive control allopurinol at a concentration of 100μg/mL. The result shows a slight difference, allopurinol has exhibited the highest XO inhibitory activity (71.8 %).
The phytochemical tests show various fluorescence, the quantitative dosage of total phenolic compounds and flavonoids shows respectively a quantities of 246.7 mg gallic acid equivalent (GA) eq /g and 70.9 mg catechin equivalent (Cat) eq /g of lyophilized powder for the crude extract.
Conclusion: These results suggest that the crude and ethyl acetate extracts of Pistacia lentiscus leaves can be used as an alternative to allopurinol due to their high inhibition activity of XO.
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