INVESTIGATING THE ANTIBACTERIAL, ANTIOXIDANT, AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF AQUEOUS AND HYDROETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF OCIMUM BASILICUM AND OCIMUM GRATISSIMUM ON SOME GERMS RESPONSIBLE FOR AEROBIC VAGINITIS

DJOVA STEVE VALDI; NDOYE FOE FLORENTINE; DONGMO ZANGUE ARLETTE; KENGNE GOUNMADJE LANDRY; NDJIB ROSETTE; NGONGANG TCHAMI DIMITRI; NYEGUE MAXIMILIENNE ASCENSION

doi:10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i3.47116

Authors

DJOVA STEVE VALDI Department of Biochemistry, University of Bamenda, P. O. Box 39, Bambili, NW-Region Cameroon https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7868-8632
NDOYE FOE FLORENTINE Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, P. O. Box 812 Yaounde, Cameroon
DONGMO ZANGUE ARLETTE Department of Microbiology, University of Yaounde I, P. O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4452-0150
KENGNE GOUNMADJE LANDRY Department of Biochemistry, University of Yaoundé I, P. O. Box 812 Yaounde, Cameroon https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0973-513X
NDJIB ROSETTE Laboratory of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Research and Study of Medicinal Plants, P. O. Box 13033 Yaounde, Cameroon
NGONGANG TCHAMI DIMITRI Department of Microbiology, University of Yaounde I, P. O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
NYEGUE MAXIMILIENNE ASCENSION Department of Microbiology, University of Yaounde I, P. O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2023v15i3.47116

Keywords:

Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum gratissimum, Antibacterial activity, Antioxidant activity, Polyphenols, Anti-inflammatory activity

Abstract

Objective: The present work evaluates the antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities of aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of Ocimum basilicum and Ocimum gratissimum on germs responsible for aerobic vaginitis.

Methods: University Teaching Hospital of Yaoundé and Central Hospital of Yaoundé provided the germ (Staphylococcus aureus) and isolates (Enterobacter cloacae and Providencia stuartii). The extracts were obtained by maceration of the plants in water and hydroethanolic system. Phytochemical screening was assessed using the standard method; sensitivity and inhibition tests were carried out on agar medium and microplates in liquid medium. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), and β-carotene assays; total polyphenols content was obtained by the Folin Ciocalteu assay; anti-inflammatory activity by denaturation of ovalbumin.

Results: Flavonoids, catechin, and tannins were abundant in the hydroethanolic extracts (56.65±3.89 and 228.94±8.42 mg EAA/g, respectively). The extracts were bactericidal for S. aureus and bacteriostatic for P. stuartii and E. cloacae. The hydroethanolic extract of the leaves of O. gratissimum has the best anti-radical activity 23.08±3.12, while that of the leaves of O. basilicum had the best-reducing power (388.36±9.96). The anti-inflammatory activity was found to be significant in the leaf extracts studied with IC₅₀ values of 0.358±0.013 mg/ml for O. basilicum to 0.269±0.008 mg/ml for O. gratissimum, thus justifying their anti-inflammatory properties. The equivalent contents of primary and secondary antioxidants of the extracts were also obtained.

Conclusion: The hydroethanolic extracts of Ocimum basilicum and Ocimum gratissimum have antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties.

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