CHARACTERIZATION OF DIFFERENT SYZYGIUM CUMINI SKEELS ACCESSIONS BASED ON PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES AND PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS
Keywords:
S cumini, Phytochemical, Physico-chemical, Nutraceutical, Cluster analysisAbstract
Objective: To study variability in respect to physico-chemical and phytochemical characteristics of fruits.
Methods: The twelve accessions with uniform growth and vigour were selected to study physico-chemical characteristics of the fruits. Physical analysis was performed by different qualitative methods in the seed and pulp of fruits of different maturity stages.
Results: The selected accessions were characterized on the basis of physico-chemical screening by comparing presence of phytoconstituents at different stages of maturity in different parts of the fruits. The preliminary phytochemical screening in pulp and seed of fruits of different accessions clearly indicates the significant difference among all the accessions. The dendrogram was constructed to examine the variability in relation to physico-chemical attributes of different accessions. The cluster analysis was carried out based on physico-chemical attributes of the fruits of different accessions that grouped in to four major clusters. The dendrogram constructed on the basis of biochemical characteristics showed the same clustering of accessions as that of the grouping of accessions showed in dendrogram based on biochemical attributes. However, accessions J–51 and J–55 that grouped together in the dendrogram from different geographical regions. The grouping of different accessions may be based on their genetic makeup of plant however, some of the variation was also observed among accessions due to change in weather conditions during growth and development of fruits.
Conclusion: The significant variability was observed with respect to physico-chemical characteristics of fruits of different accessions. The S. cumini accessions grouped in to different clusters according to their physico-chemical properties that give useful insight into their genetic relationships.
Â
Downloads
References
Briskin DP. Medicinal plants and phytomedicines. Linking plant biochemistry and physiology to human health. Plant Physiol 2000;124(2):507-14.
Sagar BPS, Zafar R, Panwar R. Herbal drug standardization. Indian Pharm 2005;4(35):19-22.
Kamboj VP. Herbal medicine. Curr Sci Bangalore 2000;78(1):35-8.
Choudhary N, Sekhon BS. An overview of advances in the standardization of herbal drugs. J Pharm Educ Res 2011;2(2):55-70.
Lim TK. Syzygium cumini. In: Edible medicinal and non medicinal plants. Springer Netherlands; 2012. p. 745-59.
Baliga MS, Bhat HP, Baliga BRV, Wilson R, Palatty PL. Phytochemistry, traditional uses and pharmacology of Eugenia jambolana Lam. (black plum): A review. Food Res Int 2011;44(7):1776-89.
Ayyanar M, Babu SP. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels: A review of its phytochemical constituents and traditional uses. Asian Pacific J Trop Biomed 2012;2(3):240-6.
Chase MW, Reveal JL. A phytogenetic classification of land plants to accompany APG III. Bot J Linn Soc 2009;161:122-7.
Jadhav VM, Kamble SS, Kadam VJ. Herbal medicine: Syzygium cumini: A Review. J Pharm Res 2009;2(8):1212-9.
Ayyanar M, Babu SP, Ignacimuthu S. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels A novel therapeutic agent for diabetes: Folk medicinal and pharmacological evidences. Complementary Ther Med 2013;21(3):232-43.
Helmstadter A. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels (Myrtaceae) against diabetes 125 years of research. Pharm Int J Pharm Sci 2008;63(2):91-101.
Baliga MS, Fernandes S, Thilakchand KR, D'souza P, Rao S. Scientific validation of the antidiabetic effects of Syzygium jambolanum DC (Black Plum), a traditional medicinal plant of India. J Altern Complementary Med 2013;19(3):191-7.
Banerjee A, Dasgupta N, De B. In vitro study of antioxidant activity of Syzygium cumini fruit. Food Chem 2005;90(4):727-33.
Benherlal PS, Arumughan C. Chemical composition and in-vitro antioxidant studies on Syzygium cumini fruit. J Sci Food Agric 2007;87(14):2560-9.
Murti K, Paliwal D, Madan S, Kundu R, Kaushik M. Exploration of preliminary phytochemical studies of seed of Syzygium cumini. Am J Pharm Toxic 2012;7(1):12-4.
Chaudhary B, Mukhopadhyay K. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels: A potential source of nutraceuticals. Int J Pharm Biol Sci 2012;2(1):46-53.
Baliga MS, D’Souza JJ, Haniadka R, Arora R. Indian vegetarian diet and cancer prevention. Bioactive foods and extracts: Can Treat and Pre; 2010. p. 67-72.
Omar R, Li L, Yuan T, Seeram NP. α-Glucosidase inhibitory hydrolyzable tannins from Eugenia jambolana seeds. J Nat Prod 2012;75(8):1505-9.
Wealth of India. Raw materials. CSIR: New Delhi; 1976.
Morton J. Fruits of warm climates. Miami: Julia Morton Winterville North Carolina; 1987. p. 375-8.
Noomrio MH, Dahot MU. Nutritive value of Eugenia jambosa fruit. J Islam Acad Sci 1996;9(1):9-12.
Gowri SS, Vasantha K. Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of Syzygium cumini (L.) (Myrtaceae) leaves extracts. Int J Pharm Tech Res 2010;2:1569-73.
Raheman F, Deshmukh S, Ingle A, Gade A, Rai M. Silver nanoparticles: novel antimicrobial agent synthesized from an endophytic fungus Pestalotia sp. isolated from leaves of Syzygium cumini (L.). Nano Biomed Eng 2011;3(3):174-8.
Sood R, Swarup D, Bhatia S, Kulkarni DD, Dey S, Saini M, et al. Antiviral activity of crude extracts of Eugenia jambolana Lam. against highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) virus. Indian J Exp Biol 2012;179-86.
Kumar A, Ilavarasan R, Jayachandran T, Deecaraman M, Kumar RM, Aravindan P Krishan MRV. Anti-inflammatory activity of Syzygium cumini seed. Afr J Biotech 2008;7(8):941-3.
Bhargava S, Bhargava P, Jain UK. Evaluation of ulcer-protective and antimicrobial activity of Syzygium cumini (linn.) Skeels leaves. Pharmacologyonline 2009;3:266-74.
Mastan SK, Chaitanya G, Bhavya Latha T, Srikanth A, Sumalatha G, Eswar Kumar K. Cardioprotective effect of methanolic extract of Syzygium cumini seeds on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. Pharm Lett 2009;1(1):143-9.
Brito FA, Lima LA, Ramos MFS, Nakamura MJ, Cavalher-Machado SC, Siani AC Sampaio ALF. Pharmacological study of anti-allergic activity of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels. Braz J Med Biol Res 2007;40(1):105-15.
Afify AMR, Fayed SA, Shalaby EA, El-Shemy HA. Syzygium cumini (pomposia) active principles exhibit potent anticancer and antioxidant activities. Afr J Pharm Pharmacol 2011;5:948-56.
Moresco RN, Sperotto RL, Bernardi AS, Cardoso RF, Gomes P. Effect of the aqueous extract of Syzygium cumini on carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Phytother Res 2007;21(8):793-5.
Jagetia GC, Baliga MS. Evaluation of the radioprotective effect of the leaf extract of Syzygium cumini (Jamun) in mice exposed to a lethal dose of γâ€irradiation. Food Nah 2003;47(3):181-5.
Banerjee J, Narendhirakannan RT. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from Syzygium cumini (L.) Seed extract and evaluation of their in vitro antioxidant activities. Digest J Nanomater Biostructures 2011;6(3):961-8.
Banerjee A, Dasgupta N, De B. In-vitro study of antioxidant activity of Syzygium cumini fruit. Food Chem 2005;90(4):727-33.
Benherlal PS, Arumughan C. Chemical composition and in-vitro antioxidant studies on Syzygium cumini fruit. J Sci Food Agric 2007;87(14):2560-9.
Ponnusamy S, Ravindran R, Zinjarde S, Bhargava S, Ravi Kumar A. Evaluation of traditional Indian antidiabetic medicinal plants for human pancreatic amylase inhibitory effect in vitro. Evidence-Based Complement Alter Med 2011;2011:1-10.
Kumar A, Ilavarasan R, Jayachandran T, Deecaraman M, Aravindan P, Padmanabhan N, et al. Anti-diabetic activity of Syzygium cumini and its isolated compound against streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Med Plants Res 2008;2(9):246-9.
Benherlal, Palayyan Saraswathy, Chami A. Chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant studies on Syzygium cumini fruit. J Sci Food Agric 2007;87(14):2560-9.
Chaudhary B, Mukhopadhyay K. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels: A potential source of nutraceuticals. Int J Pharm Bio Sci 2012;2(1):46-53.
O. A. C. [Association of official Analytical Chemistry] Official methods of analysis of the association of official analytical chemists. 11th Edition. Washington D. C.; 1975.
Zaher H, Boulouha B, Baaziz M, Sikaoui L, Gaboun F, Udupa SM. Morphological and genetic diversity in olive (Olea europaea subsp. Europaea L.) clones and varieties. Plant Omics J 2011;4(7):370-6.
Sneath PHA, Sokal RR. Numerical Taxonomy: the principles and practice of numerical classification. W. H. Freeman, San Francisco, USA; 1973.
Mantel NA. The detection of disease clustering and generalized regression approach. Cancer Res 1967;27:209-20.
Patel VB, Pandey SN, Singh SK, Das B. Variability in jamun (Syzygium cuminii Skeels) accessions from Uttar Pradesh and Jharkhand. Indian J Hortic 2005;62(3):244-7.
Ghojage AH, Swamy GSK, Kanamadi VC, Jagdeesh RC, Kumar P, Patil CP, et al. Studies on variability among best selected genotypes of Jamun (Syzygium cumini Skeels.). Acta Hortic 2011;890:255-60.
Devi PS, Thangam M, Desai AR, Adsule PG. Studies on variability in physico-chemical characters of different jamun (Syzygium cumini) accessions from Goa. Indian J Hortic 2002;59(2):153-6.
Gowri, Shyamala S, Vasantha K. Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of Syzygium cumini (L.)(Myrtaceae) leaves extracts. Int J Pharm Tech Res 2010;2(2):1569-73.
Kumar A, Ilavarasan R, Jayachandran T, Decaraman M, Aravindhan P, Padmanabhan N, et al. Phytochemicals investigation on a tropical plant, Syzygium cumini from Kattuppalayam, Erode district, Tamil Nadu, South India. Pak J Nutr 2009;8(1):83-5.
Ayyanar M, Babu SP. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels: A review of its phytochemical constituents and traditional uses. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2012;2(3):240-6.
Prakash J, Maurya AN, Singh SP. Studies on variability in fruit characters of Jamun. Indian J Hortic 2010;67(4):63-6.