SOME NATURAL PRODUCTS AND THEIR SECONDARY METABOLITES ATTRIBUTED TOWARDS DIABETIC CURE: A REVIEW
Keywords:
Diabetes, Disease, Allopathic Drugs, Secondary metabolitesAbstract
Diabetes is one of the major health and development challenges of the 21st century. According to the International Diabetes Federation, there are currently more than 371 million people living with diabetes and another 28 million are at risk of developing the disease. Aside from conventional allopathic medicines, traditional/alternative therapy plays a substantial part in treating diabetes mellitus. In the final few decades eco-friendly, bio-friendly, cost effective and relatively safe plant-based medicines have gone from the periphery to the mainstream with the increased research in the area of traditional medication. Plant-based medications are preferable as mainly non-toxic, having typically fewer side effects, better compatibility with physiological flora, and availability at low-costs. However, secondary metabolites isolated from these plants (Diosmin, Tangeritin, Lycopene, Syringin etc., ) possess this antidiabetic property. The power of the herb/active compound to enhance glucose utilization and lower plasma glucose level in rats suffering from insulin deficiency suggests that these plant extracts/phytochemicals may be useful in the discussion of human diabetes.
Â
Downloads
References
Scheen AJ. Drug treatment of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in the 1990s. Achievements and future developments. Drugs 1997;54:355-68.
CW Spellman. Pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes: targeting islet cell dysfunction. J Am Osteopath Assoc 2010;110:S2-7.
TS Fr¨ode, YS Medeiros. Animal models to test drugs with potential antidiabetic activity. JEthnopharmacol 2008;115:173-83.
Melmed S, Polonsky KS, Larsen PR, Kronenberg HM. Williams textbook of endocrinology. 12th ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2012. p.1371-435.
Wild S, Roglic G, Green A, Sicree R, King H. Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030. Diabetes Care 2004;27:1047-53.
Adeqhate E, Schattner P, Dunn E. An update on the etiology and epidemiology of diabetes mellitus. Ann N Y Acad Sci2006;1084:1-29.
Sen S, Chakraborty R, Biplab D. Challenges and opportunities in the advancement of herbal medicine. India’s position and role in a global context.J Herb Med2011;1:67-75.
Modak M, Dixit P, Londhe J. Devasagayam. Indian herbs and herbal drugs used for the treatment of diabetes. J ClinBiochem Nutr 2007;40:163-73.
Yasir M, Prateek Jain D, Kharya MD. Hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic effect of different extracts of Acacia arabica bark in normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats. Int J Phytomed2010;2:133-8.
Jarald E, Joshi SB, Jain DC. Biochemical study on the hypoglycaemic effects of extract and fraction of Acacia catechuwilld in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Int J Diabetes Metab2009;17:63-9.
Rajasekaran R, Satishsekar D. Therapeutic evaluation of aloe vera leaf gel extract on glycoprotein components in rats with streptozotocin diabetes. J Pharmacol Toxicol 2007;2:380-5.
Arumugam S, Kavimani S, Kadalmanic B, Ahmed AB, Akbarsha MA, Rao MV, et al. Antidiabetic activity ofleaf and callus extracts of Aegle marmelosin rabbit. Sci Asia 2008;34:317-21.
Appia Krishnan G, Rai VK, Nandy BC, Meena KC, Dey S, Tyagi PK, et al. Hypoglycemic and antihyperlipidaemic effect of ethanolic extract of aerial parts of Aerva lanataLinn. in normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats. Int J Pharm Sci Drug Res 2009;1:191-4.
Raj N, Nadeem S, Jain S, Raj C, PrithwishNandi KC. Ameliorative effects of Alpinia calcaratain alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Digest J Nanomater Biostructures2011;6:991-7.
Patil P, Patil S, Mane A, Verma S. Antidiabetic activity of alcoholic extract of neem (Azadirachta indica) root bark. Natl J Physiol Pharm Pharmacol2013;3:142-6.
Eidi A, Eidi M, Esmaeili E. Antidiabetic effect of garlic (Allium sativumL.) in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Phytomed 2006;13:624-9.
Tomar RS, Sisodia S. Antidiabetic activity of Annona squamosaL.in experimental induced diabetic rats. Int J Pharm Biol Arch 2012;3:1492-5.
Syiem D, Khup PZ, Syiem AB. Evaluation of anti-diabetic potential of Albizzia lebbekbark in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Pharmacol Online 2008;3:563-73.
Agrawal NK, Gupta U. Evaluation of hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic effects of Acacia tortilisseed extract in normal and diabetic rats. Int J PharmTech Res2013;5:330-6.
Chhetree RR, Dash GK, Mondal S, Acharyya S. Studies on the hypoglycaemic activity of Aconitum napellusL.roots. DrugInvention Today 2010;2:343-6.
Rao NK. Anti-hyperglycemic and renal protective activities of Andrographis paniculataroots chloroform extract. Iran J PharmacolTher2006;5:47-50.
Vadivelan R, Dipanjan M, Umasankar P, Dhanabal SP, Satishkumar MN, Antony S, et al. Hypoglycemic, antioxidant and hypolipidemic activity of Asparagus racemosuson streptozotocin-induced diabetic in rats. Adv Appl Sci Res 2011;2:179-85.
El-Demerdash FM, Yousef MI, Abou El-Naga NI. Biochemical study on the hypoglycemic effects of onion and garlic in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2005;43:57-63.
Mohana Rupa L, Mohan K. Hypoglycaemic effect of aqueous extract of Benincasa hispidain rabbits. J Ayurveda Integrative Med2013;1:1-5.
Senthilkumar MK, Sivakumar P, Changanakkattil F, Rajesh V, Perumal P. Evaluation of anti-diabetic activity of Bambusavulgarisleaves in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Int J Pharm Sci Drug Res2011;3:208-10.
Thirumalai T, Therasa SV, Elumalai E, David E. Hypoglycemic effect of Brassica juncea(seeds) on streptozotocin induced diabetic male albino rat. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed2011;1:323-5.
Nalamolu RK, Boini KM, Nammi S. Effect of chronic administration of Boerhaavia diffusaLinn. leafextract on experimental diabetes in rats. Trop J Pharm Res 2004;3:305-9.
Kwon Y, Apostolidis E, Shetty K. Evaluation of pepper (Capsicum annuum) for management of diabetes and hypertension. J Food Biochem2007;31:370-85.
Vega-Avila E, Cano-Velasco JL, Alarcon-Aguilar FJ, Fajardo OrtÃz MC, Almanza-Perez JC, et al. Hypoglycemic activity of aqueous extracts from Catharanthus roseus. Evidence-Based Complementary Altern Med2012;5:35-40.
Chauhan PK, Pandey IP, Dhatwalia VK. Evaluation of the antidiabetic effect of ethanolic and methanolic extracts of Centellaasiaticaleaves extract on alloxan induced diabetic rats. Adv BiolRes 2010;4:27-30.
Gunjan M, Jana GK, Jha AK, Mishra U. Pharmacognostic and antihyperglycemic study of Coccinia indica. Int J Phytomed 2010;2:36-40.
Tirgar PR, Shah KV, Patel VP, Desai TR, Goyal RK. Investigation into mechanism of action of anti-diabetic activity ofEmblicaofficinalison streptozotocin induced type I diabetic rat. Res JPharm Biol Chem Sci 2010;1:672-82.
Sridhar SB, Sheetal UD, Pai MR, Shastri MS. Preclinical evaluation of the antidiabetic effect of Eugenia jambolanaseed powder in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. BrazJ Med Biol Res 2005;38:463-8.
Choudhary S, Pathak AK, Khare S, Kushwah S. Evaluation of antidiabetic activity of leaves and fruits of Ficus religiosaLinn. Int J Pharm Life Sci 2011;2:1325-7.
Parveen A, Irfan M, Mohammad F. Antihyperglycemic activity in Grewia asiatica, a comparative investigation. Int J PharmPharm Sci 2012;4:210-3.
Verma N, Shakya VK, Saxena RC. Antidiabetic activity of glycoside isolated from Gymnema sylvestreinstreptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Asian J Chem 2008;20:5033-6.
Danmalam UH, Abdullahi LM, Agunu A, Musa KY. Acute toxicity studies and hypoglycemic activity of the methanol extract of the leaves of Hyptis suaveolensPoit. (lamiaceae). Niger J Pharm Sci 2009;8:87-92.
Mishra SB, Vijayakumar M, Ojha SK, Verma A. Antidiabetic effect of Jatropha curcasL. leaves extract in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Int J Pharm Sci 2010;2:482-7.
Sutar NG, Sutar UN, Behera BC. Antidiabetic activity of the leaves ofMimosa pudicaLinn. in albino rats. J Herbal MedToxicol 2009;3:123-6.
Jaiswal D, Kumar Rai P, Kumar A, Mehta S, Watal G. Effect of Moringa oleiferaLam.leaves aqueous extract therapy on hyperglycemic rats. J Ethnopharmacol2009;123:392-6.
Ahmed SM, Vrushabendra Swamy BM, Gopkumar P, Dhanapal R, Chandrashekara VM. Anti-diabetic activity of Terminaliacatappa Linn. leaf extracts in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Iran J PharmacolTher2005;4:36-9.
Stanely P, Prince M, Menon VP. Hypoglycaemic and other related actions of Tinospora cordifoliaroots in alloxan-induced diabeticrats. J Ethnopharmacol2000;70:9-15.
Farook SM, Atlee CW. Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic potential of Tragia involucrata linn. In streptozotocin-induced type II diabetic rats. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2011;3:103-9.
MA Campanero, M Escolar, E Perez, Garcia-Quetglas, B Sadaba, JR Azanza, et al.
Simultaneous determination of diosmin and diosmetin in human plasma by ion trapliquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal2010;51:875-81.
Le Marchand, SP Murphy, JH Hankin, LR Wilkens, LN Kolonel. Intake offlavonoids and lung cancer. J Nat Cancer Inst 2000;92:154-60.
Maughan, Barbara, Iervolino, Alessandra C, Collishaw, Stephan. Time trends in child and adolescent mental disorders. Curr Opinion Psychiatry 2005;18(4):381–5.
Capanlar S, Böke N, Yaşa I, KirmizigülS. A novel glycoside from Acanthus hirsutus (Acanthaceae). Nat Prod Commun 2010;5:563-6.
Rangachari Balamurugan, Veeramuthu Duraipandiyan, Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu. Antidiabetic activity of γ-sitosterol isolated from Lippia nodiflora L. instreptozotocininduced diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2011;66:410-8.
GB Kavishankara, N Lakshmidevia.Anti-diabetic effect of a novel N-Trisaccharide isolated from Cucumis prophetarum on streptozotocin–nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats. Phytomed2014;21:624-30.
Sadiq S, Moreea GB, Kavishankarb J, Rajeshaa. Antidiabetic effect of secoisolariciresinol diglucoside in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Phytomed 2013;20:237-45.
Swapna Sirasanagandla, RameshBabuKasetti, AbdulNabiShaik, Rajesh Natava, VenkataPrasadSurtineni, SureshReddyCirradur, et al. Antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities of 2-(4-[(2-hydroxybenzyl) amino]-phenyl amino-methyl)-phenol in STZ induced diabetic rats. Eur J Med Chem 2013;66:400-6.
Ramalingam Sundarama, Palanivelu Shanthib, Panchanatham Sachdanandam. Effect of tangeretin, a polymethoxylated flavone on glucose metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Phytomed2014;21:793-9.
MamdouhMAli, FatmaGAgha.Amelioration of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, oxidative stress and dyslipidemia in rats by tomato extract lycopene. Scand J Clin Lab Invest2009;69:371-9.
Gyeong-Min Do, Un Ju Jung, Hae-Jin Park, Eun-Young Kwon, Seon-Min Jeon,
RobinA McGregor, et al. Resveratrol ameliorates diabetes-relatedmetabolic changes via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase and its downstreamtargets in db/db mice. Mol Nutr Food Res2012;56(8):1282-91.
De Carvalho, C C C R D, FonsecaM M R. "Carvone: Why and how should one bother to produce this terpene".Food Chem2006;95:413-22.
Udaiyar Muruganathan, Subramani Srinivasan, Dhananjayan Indumathi. Antihyperglycemic effect of carvone on the levels of glycoprotein components in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.J Acupuncture Dis 2013;4:310-5.
Raju Murali, Subramani Srinivasan, Natarajan Ashokkumar. Antihyperglycemic effect of fraxetin on hepatic key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Biochim2013;95:1848-54.
Leelavinothan Parin, Pandurangan Monisha, Abdul Mohamed Jalaludeen.Beneficial role of diosgenin on oxidative stress in aorta of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol2012;691:143-50.
SemanteeBhattacharya, Prasenjit Manna, RatanGachhui, Parames C.D-saccharic acid-1, 4-lactone ameliorates alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress in rats through inhibiting pancreatic beta-cells from apoptosis via mitochondrial dependent pathway. ToxicolApplPharmacol2011;257:272-83.
Ramalingam Sundaram, Rajendran Naresh, Palanivelu Shanthi, Panchanatham Sachdanandam.Efficacy of 20-OH-ecdysone on hepatic key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Phytomed 2012;19:725-72.
Shanmuga Sundaram, Chinna Krishnan, Iyyam Pillai Subramanian, Sorimuthu Pillai Subramanian. Isolation, characterization of syringin, phenylpropanoid glycoside from Musa paradisiaca tepal extract and evaluation of its antidiabetic effect in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Biomed Prev Nutr 2014;4:105-11.
Mitchell AE, Hong YJ, Koh E, Barrett DM, Bryant DE, Denison RF, et al. "Ten-year comparison of the influence of organic and conventional crop management practices on the content of flavonoids in tomatoes". JAgricFood Chem2007;55:6154–9.
Vessal, Mahmood, Mina Hemmati, Mohammad Vasei. "Antidiabetic effects of quercetin in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats." Comp BiochemPhysiol Part C: ToxicolPharmacol 2003;135:357-64.
Fiuza SM. "Phenolic acid derivatives with potential anticancer properties–a structure–activity relationship study. Part 1:Methyl, propyl and octyl esters of caffeic and gallic acids." Bioorg Med Chem 2004;12:3581-9.
Punithavathi, Vilapakkam Ranganathan. "Antihyperglycaemic, antilipid peroxidative and antioxidant effects of gallic acid on streptozotocin induced diabetic Wistar rats." Eur JPharmacol 2011;650:465-71.
E Tripoli, MLa Guardia, S Giammanco, DDi Majo, MGiammanco. Citrus flavonoids: molecular structure, biological activity and nutritional properties, a review. Food Chem2007;104:466-79.
L Pari, S Srinivasan. Antihyperglycemic effect of diosmin on hepatic key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats. Biomed Pharmacother2010;64:477-81.