ESTABLISHMENT OF A MECHANISM OF POLYHERBAL FORMULATION FOR ANTI-RHEUMATISM
Keywords:
Ortho, Adjuvant induced arthritis, Carrageenan, HistamineAbstract
Objective: A marketed product Dr. Ortho has been used by many patients and is gaining a positive feedback from the patients. A study is designed to establish its mechanism of action on various anti-rheumatic models in experimental animals. No studies have been investigated on this product for its anti-rheumatic activity.
Methods: Dr. Ortho (55 mg/kg, p. o.) was administered during adjuvant-induced arthritis, phlogistic agents (Histamine, bradykinin, and serotonin) induced paw edema, Acetic acid induced writhing test in mice, and Eddy's hot plate. Histopathology (T. S. of knee joint) and various hematological parameters (WBC's, RBC's, and ESR count) were observed during the study.
Results: Dr. Ortho decreases arthritis induced inflammation by antagonizing or inhibiting the inflammatory mediators, i.e., histamine, 5-hydroxy tryptamine and bradykinin. (20% (P<0.05) of carrageenan, 10.01%, (P<0.05) of histamine, 8% (P<0.05) of 5-hydroxy tryptamine induced paw volume). Dr. Ortho acts as both peripheral and central analgesic. Histopathology findings revealed that there is a reduction in the neutrophil infiltration, pannus formation, and bone. Hematological parameters show that Dr. Ortho decreases the elevated level of the WBC's count.
Conclusion: The present study revealed some facts regarding the mechanism of Dr. Ortho in reducing arthritis induced inflammation. However study may be done further to illustrate its complete mechanism.
Â
Downloads
References
Gilman Alfred Goodman. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 11th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division; 2006. p. 716-26.
Siddaraju M, Nanjundaiah S, David Y, Lee W, Zhongze Ma, Harry HS, et al. Modified Huo-Luo-Xiao-Ling dan suppresses adjuvant arthritis by inhibiting chemokines and matrix-degrading enzymes. J Evidence-Based Complementary Altern Med 2012;2012:1-8.
Shin SS, Jin M, Jung HJ, Kim B, Jeon H, Choi J, et al. Suppressive effects of PG201, an ethanol extract from herbs, on collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Rheumatology 2003;42:665-72.
Venkatesha SH, Berman BM, Moudgil KD. Herbal medicinal products target defined biochemical and molecular mediators of autoimmune inflammatory arthritis. Bioorg Med Chem 2011;19:21–9.
Taibi DM, Bourguignon C. The role of complementary and alternative therapies in managing rheumatoid arthritis. Family Community Health 2003;26:41–52.
Thomas Smeera, Grace J Nirmala, Narendhirakannan RT. Free radical scavenging activities of Nyctanthes arbortristis L. on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. Br J Pharm Res 2013;3:536-47.
Kadam Parag, Bodhankar Subhash. Antiarthritic activity of ethanolic seed extracts of Diplocyclos palmatus (L) C. Jeffrey in experimental animals. Der Pharm Lett 2013;5:233-42.
Meera S, Kumar NS, Guptatyam VS. Screening of anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of a polyherbal formulation. Int J Pharm 2008;4:398–02.
Xing-Jiu Huang, Yang-Kyu Choi, Hyung-Soon Im, Oktay Yarimaga, Euisik Yoon, Hak-Sung Kim. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST/GOT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT/GPT) detection techniques. Sensors 2006;6:756-82.
Das Sudipta, Haldar Pallab, Pramanik Goutam, Panda Siva, Bera Samit. Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of Diospyros cordifolia extract. Afr J Tradit Complementary Altern Med 2011;8:11–4.
Amdekar Sarika, Roy Purabi, Singh Vinod, Kumar Avnish, Singh Rambir. Anti-inflammatory activity of lactobacillus on carrageenan-Induced paw edema in male wistar rats. Int J Inflammation 2012;1-6. doi.org/10.1155/2012/752015. [Article in Press]
Mishra Debasis, Ghosh Goutam, Kumar Sudhir, Panda Kumar Prasanna. An experimental study of the analgesic activity of selective cox-2 inhibitor with conventional NSAIDs. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2011;4:78-81.
Gawade Shivaji. Acetic acid induced painful endogenous infliction in writhing test on mice. J Pharmacol Pharmacother 2012;3:348-57.
Vogel Gerhard H. Drug discovery and evaluation: pharmacological assays. 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer-Verlag Berlin Publication; 2002. p. 716-59.
Ohmachl Y. Histology and histopathology. J Cellular Molecular Biol 2002;17:434-44.
Talla Mounika, Maheswara Uma, Chidrawar Vijay, Vedasri R, Swathi R. Phytochemical screening and evaluation of anti-rheumatic and anti-inflammatory activity of an extract of stem bark of Litsea Monopetala. Int J Chem Pharm Res 2013;2:404-16.
Elgorashi E Esameldin, Wada Naoki, Essameldin Warrag, Satoh Hiroshi. Effect of Acacia species on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. J Nat Rem 2009;9:185–91.
Pine PR, Chang B, Schoettler N. Inflammation and bone erosion are suppressed in models of rheumatoid arthritis following treatment with a novel Syk inhibitor. Clin Immunol 2007;124:244–57.
Lubberts E. IL 1-independent role of IL-17 in synovial inflammation and joint destruction during collagen-induced arthritis. J Immunol 2001;167:1004-13.