COMPARATIVE BOTANICAL AND GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF CERTAIN SOLANUM SPECIES GROWN IN EGYPT
Keywords:
Solanum, Seaforthianum, Macrocarpon, Botanical profiling, DNA fingerprinting, RAPDAbstract
Objective: Urgent need for proper identification and characterization has emerged for some Solanum species as their toxicity to humans and animals ranges from mildly irritating to fatal. The objective of this work was targeted towards discrimination between Solanum seaforthianum Andrews and Solanum macrocarpon L.
Methods: For establishment of different botanical and genetic criteria, this study presents a comparative investigation of the botanical features of the roots, stems and leaves of both plants through microscopical investigation of the prepared entire, transverse sections and powdered forms of different organs of both plants under study. Furthermore, the DNA of both plants was extracted from leaf samples and Random Amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis using ten primers of arbitrary sequences.
Results: Comparative botanical characters of different organs were identified. On the other hand a total 101 fragments were generated in S. macrocarpon while 105 fragments were generated in S. seaforthianum. Where the highest degree of similarities (70%) was recorded using primer B16 therefore could be used as an indicator for obtaining genetic markers, followed by 65.38% for Z13 and the lowest degree of similarity (38.1%) was recorded using primer O14 which could be used to discriminate between the two Solanum species depending on their low values of similarity coefficients and high level of polymorphism.
Conclusion: For the present study, macro and micro-morphological characters, as well as, DNA fingerprinting can be considered as the identifying parameters to authenticate and differentiate between the two plants under study.
Â
Downloads
References
Olmstead R, Bohs L. editors. A summary of molecular systematic research in Solanaceae: 1982-2006. VI International Solanaceae Conference: Genomics Meets Biodiversity; 2006. p. 745.
Weese T, Bohs L. A three-gene phylogeny of the genus Solanum (Solanaceae). Syst Bot 2007;32:445-63.
Zaidi J, Qureshi I, Arif M, Fatima I. Trace element analysis of food spices by inaa: ii. solanaceae, liliaceae, zingiberaceae and apiaceae families. Int J Environ Anal Chem 1992;48:33-40.
Kupchan S, SJ B, Knox J, CA C. Beta-solamarine: tumor inhibitor isolated from Solanum dulcamara. Science 1965;150:1827-8.
Nakamura T, Komori C, Lee Y, Hashimoto F, Yahara S, Nohara T, et al. Cytotoxic activities of Solanum steroidal glycosides. Biol Pharm Bull 1996;19:564-6.
Nohara T, Yahara S, Kinjo J. bioactive saponins from solanaceous and leguminous plants. Adv Exp Med Biol 1996;404:263-76.
Chinese drug Dictionary†KNMCe, Shangahai Science and Technology Publishing Co; 1978;1:630-1.
Murakami K, Ezima H, Takaishi Y, Takeda Y, Fujita T, Sato A, Nagayama Y, Nohara T. Studies on the constitucnts of Solanum plants V. The constitucnts of Solanum lyratum. Thumb. II. Chem Pharm Bull 1985;33:67.
Marcucci MC. Propolis: chemical composition, biological properties and therapeutical activity. Apidologie 1995;26:83.
Bailey L. Manual of the cultivated plants. 4th ed. The Macmillan Co, New York; 1958. p. 867.
Alexander R, Forbes G, Hawkins E. A fatal case of solanine poisoning. Br Med J 1948;2:518.
Richard-Alden H. Early botanical records from the West Indies, particularly Barbados: Ligon (1657) to Lord Seaforth (1806). Bot J Linn Soc 1979;79:65-96.
Janaki-Ammal E, Viswanathan T. A new garden plant for India tetraploid Solanum seaforthianum. Indian Horticulture. 1975;20:25.
Jagatheeswari D. Cytological investigation of brazilian nightshade (Solanum Seaforthianam Andr.). Int Lett Natl Sci 2014;10:44-8.
Oboh G, Ekperigin M, Kazeem M. Nutritional and haemolytic properties of eggplants (Solanum macrocarpon) leaves. J Food Compos Anal 2005;18:153-60.
Shinde V, Dhalwal K. DNA fingerprinting of tinospora cordifolia using RAPD analysis. J Global Pharm Technol 2010;2:38-42.
Issa M. Pharmacognositical study of certain Swieteniaspecies F. meliaceae cultivated in egypt. Pharmacogn Dep Cairo University Faculty Pharm 2009:64-5.
Ravichandra N. Methods and techniques in plant nematology. P H I Learning, Connaught Circus, New Delhi, India; 2010. p. 334-6.
Williams JG, Kubelik AR, Livak KJ, Rafalski JA, Tingey SV. DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. Nucleic Acids Res 1990;18:6531-5.
Edmonds J, Chweya J. Black Nightshades: Solanum Nigrum L. and Related Species; 1997. p. 17-21.
Knapp S. A Revision of the dulcamaroid clade of Solanum L. (Solanaceae); 2013. p. 251-5.
Grubben G. Vegetables: Plant Resources of Tropical Africa; 2004. p. 484-7.