APPLICATIONS OF REMOTE SENSING: A REVIEW

Abstract

Objective: This paper presents a comprehensive review of the basic principles of the microwave remote sensing technique, Capabilities of microwave sensors for the remote sensing, several studies of Applications of Remote sensing and the status of current methods. The spectral characteristic of the main earth surface feature is Soil Radiation interaction characteristics of earth and atmosphere in different regions of electromagnetic spectrum are very useful for identifying and characterizing earth and atmospheric features. It gives the information needed for soil management programs in order to satisfy the environmental conditions. The principle objective of this review is to present particularly soil studies based on Remote sensors.

Materials and Methods: Remote sensing measures electromagnetic radiation that interacts with the atmosphere and objects. Remote sensing is considered a primary means of acquiring spatial data. The Remote Sensing is a multi-disciplinary science. Remote sensing uses the entire electromagnetic spectrum, ranging from short wavelengths (for example, ultraviolet) to long wavelengths (microwaves). The characteristics of soil that determine its reflectance properties are its moisture content, organic matter content, texture, structure and iron oxide content.

Results: Interactions of electromagnetic radiation with the surface of the Earth can provide information not only on the distance between the sensor and the object but also on the direction, intensity, wavelength, and polarization of the electromagnetic radiation.

Conclusion: Recent technological advances in satellite remote sensing have helped to overcome the limitation of conventional soil survey and providing a new outlook for soil survey and mapping.