ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES FROM VARIOUS EXTRACTS OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF KELAKAI (STENOCHLAENA PALUSTRIS) GROWN IN CENTRAL KALIMANTAN - INDONESIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9s2.13630Abstract
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The aims of this research were to determine antioxidant activity from various extracts of different parts of kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris
[Burm.f.] Bedd) using two antioxidant testing methods, which were 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power
(FRAP), and correlation of total phenolic contents (TPC), total flavonoid contents (TFC), and total carotenoid contents (TCC) with their inhibitory
concentration 50% (IC
50
) of DPPH and exhibitory concentration 50% (EC
50
) of FRAP.
Methods: Sample was extracted by reflux using different polarity solvents. The extracts were evaporated using vacuum rotary evaporator. Antioxidant
activities were tested using DPPH and FRAP assays, determination of TPC, TFC, and TCC was carried out by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, and
correlation with their IC
50
of DPPH and EC
50
of FRAP capacities was analyzed by Pearson's method.
Results: Ethanolic root extract of kelakai (S. palustris) had the lowest IC
50
of DPPH scavenging activity 0.8 µg/ml and the lowest EC
of FRAP capacity
5.4 µg/ml. Ethanolic kelakai root extract demonstrated the highest phenolic content, ethyl acetate young leaves extract had the highest flavonoid
content, and the highest carotenoid content was given by n-hexane root extract. There was significantly negative correlation between TPC in root
extract of kelakai with their IC
50
of DPPH and EC
50
of FRAP.
Conclusions: All different extracts of kelakai parts were categorized as very strong antioxidants by DPPH method. Phenolic compounds in kelakai
root extract were the major contributor in antioxidant activities by DPPH and FRAP methods. DPPH and FRAP showed linear results in antioxidant
activities of root kelakai extract.
Keywords: Antioxidant, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, Ferric reducing antioxidant power, Stenochlaena palustris, Young leaves, Old leaves, Root.
50
Downloads
References
REFERENCES
Cheel J, Theoduloz C, RodrÃguez J, Schmeda-Hirschmann G. Free
radical scavengers and antioxidants from lemongrass (Cymbopogon
citratus (dc.) Stapf.). J Agric Food Chem 2005;53(7):2511-7.
Zielinski AA, Haminiuk CW, Alberti A, Nogueira A, Demiate IM,
Granato D. A comparative study of the phenolic compounds and the
in vitro antioxidant activity of different Brazilian teas using multivariate
statistical techniques. Food Res Int 2014;60:246-54.
Sebei K, Gnouma A, Herchi W, Sakouhi F, Boukhchina S. Lipids,
proteins, phenolic composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities
of seeds of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L) cultivated in Tunisia. Biol
Res 2013;46(3):257-63.
Mokbel MS, Hashinaga F. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities
of banana (Musa, AAA cv. Cavendish) fruits peel. Am J Biochem
Biotechnol 2005;1(3):125-31.
Fidrianny I, Johan Y, Sukrasno. Antioxidant activities of different
polarity extracts from three organs of makrut lime (Citrus hystrix dc)
and correlation with total flavonoid, phenolic, carotenoid content.
Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2015;8(4):239-43.
Gramza-Michalowska A, Czlapka-Matyasik M. Evaluation of the
antiradical potential of fruit and vegetable snacks. Acta Sci Pol Technol
Aliment 2011;10(1):63-72.
Mongkolsilp S, Pongbupakit I, Sae-Lee N, Sitthithaworn W. Radical
scavenging activity and total phenolic content of medicinal plants used
in primary health care. SWU J Pharm Sci 2004;9(1):32-5.
Xu BJ, Chang SK. Total phenolic content and antioxidant properties of
eclipse black beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) As affected by processing
methods. J Food Sci 2008;73(2):H19-27.
Mashkor IM. Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of fenugreek
seeds extract. Int J Pharmacogn Phytochem Res 2014;6(4):841-4.
Fidrianny I, Windyaswari AS, Wirasutisna KR. Antioxidant capacities
of various leaves extract from five colors varieties of sweet potatoes
tubers using ABTS, DPPH assays and correlation with total flavonoid,
phenolic, carotenoid content. Res J Med Plant 2013;7(3):130-40.
Thaipong K, Boonprakob U, Crosby K, Zevallos LC, Byrne DH.
Comparison of ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, and ORAC assays for estimating
antioxidant activity from guava fruit extracts. J Food Compost Anal
;19(6):669-75.
Pellegrini N, Serafini M, Colombi B, Rio DD, Salvatore S. Total
antioxidant capacity of plant food, beverages and oils consumed
in Italy assessed by three different in vitro assays. J Am Coll Nutr
;133(9):2812-9.
Chear NJ, Khaw KY, Murugaiyah V, Lai CS. Cholinesterase inhibitory
activity and chemical constituents of Stenochlaena palustris fronds at
two different stages of maturity. J Food Drug Anal 2016;24:358-66.
Blois MS. Antioxidant determination by the use of stable free radicals.
Nature 1958;181(4617):1199-2000.
Bedawey AA. Characteristics of antioxidant isolated from some plants
sources. Shibin El-Kom, Cairo: Shibin El-Kom; 2010. p. 1-11.
Benzi IF, Strain JJ. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as
a measure of antioxidant powerâ€: The FRAP assay. Anal Biochem
;239(1):70-6.
Pourmorad F, Hosseinimehr SJ, Shahabimajd N. Antioxidant activity,
phenol and flavonoid content of some selected Iranian medicinal plants.
Afr J Biotechnol 2006;5(11):1142-5.
Chang CC, Yang MH, Wen HM, Chern JC. Estimation of total flavonoid
content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods.
J Food Drug Anal 2002;10:178-82.
Chai TT, Panirchellvum E, Ong HC, Wong FC. Phenolic contents and
antioxidant properties of Stenochlaena palustris, an edible medicinal
fern. Bot Stud 2012;53:439-46.
Suhartono E, Viani E, Rahmadhan MA, Gultom IS, Rakhman MF,
Indrawardhana D. Total flavonoid and antioxidant activity of some
selected medicinal plants in South Kalimantan of Indonesian. APCBEE
Procedia 2012;4:235-9.
Li XC, Wang XZ, Chen DF, Chen SZ. Antioxidant activity and
mechanism of protochatechuic acid in vitro. J Funct Food Health Dis
;1(7):232-44.
Barreira JC, Ferreira IC, Oliveira MB, Pereira JA. Effects of different
phenols extraction conditions on antioxidant activity of almond (Prunus
dulcis) fruits. J Food Biochem 2009;33(6):763-76.
Miliauskas G, Venskutonis PR, van Beek TA. Screening of radical
scavenging activity of some medicinal and aromatic plant extracts.
Food Chem 2004;85(2):231-7.
Pandey KB, Rizvi SI. Plant polyphenols as dietary antioxidants in
human health and disease. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2009;2(5):270-8.
Kondratyuk T, Pezzuto J. Natural product polyphenols of relevance to
human health. Pharm Biol 2004;42(1):46-63.
Heim KE, Tagliaferro AR, Bobilya DJ. Flavonoid antioxidants:
Chemistry, metabolism and structure-activity relationships. J Nutr
Biochem 2002;13(10):572-84.
Sroka Z, Cisowski W. Hydrogen peroxide scavenging, antioxidant
and anti-radical activity of some phenolic acids. Food Chem Toxicol
;41(6):753-8.
Foote CS. Free Radicals in Biology. 3
ed. New York: Academic Press;
rd
Charles DJ. Antioxidant properties of spices shells and other. London:
John Willey; 2013.
Kobayashi M, Sakamoto Y. Singlet oxygen quenching ability of
astaxanthin esters from the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis.
Biotech Lett 1999;21(4):265-9.
Beutner S, Bloedorn B, Hoffmann T, Martin HD. Synthetic singlet
oxygen quenchers. Methods Enzymol 2000;319:226-41.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
The publication is licensed under CC By and is open access. Copyright is with author and allowed to retain publishing rights without restrictions.
