FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF AGERATUM CONYZOIDES L. (BABANDOTAN) LEAVES EXTRACT ON RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS MODEL RAT

Authors

  • Erna Harfiani
  • Riri Nurul Suci
  • Ade Arsianti
  • Anton Bahtiar Universitas Indonesia
  • Katrin Basah

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i3.16428

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation in joints. Ageratum conyzoides L. (Babandotan)
leaves are proven to be used in inflammation therapy, yet there is a little data regarding the effects of the leaves on RA. The aim of this study is to
investigate anti-RA activity of the ethanolic extract of A. conyzoides L. leaves (EEAL) harvested from Bogor, Indonesia, in rats.
Methods: The phytochemical screening analysis and thin-layer chromatography were performed to analyze the constituents of the EEAL. This study
used white male Sprague Dawley rats which were divided into 6 groups; normal control and negative control groups, both given 0.5% carboxymethyl
cellulose; the positive control group, given methotrexate suspension (0.05 mg/200 g bw.); the dose variation extract is 40 mg, 80 mg, and 160 mg/200 g
body weight. All the groups were induced with 0.1 ml Complete Freund's adjuvant on day 1, except normal control group. Some parameters will be
measured, such as paw edema, levels of leukocyte and lymphocyte, concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and the number of osteoclasts
per mm2.
Results: For 21 days the rats have given treated the EEAL in three doses, was showed the decreasing volume of paw edema, levels of blood leukocytes
and lymphocytes, concentrations of TNF-α and the number of osteoclasts, compared to the rat model of RA.
Conclusion: This study showed that the leaves of A. conyzoides L. harvested from Bogor, Indonesia, have activity as anti-RA in a rat model, in which
flavonoid plays a role in inhibition of chronic inflammatory processes.
Keywords: Ageratum conyzoides L. leaves, Anti-rheumatoid arthritis, Complete Freund's adjuvant, Flavonoids.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

REFERENCES

Okunade AL. Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae). Fitoterapia 2002;73(1):1-16.

Kamboj A, Saluja AK. Isolation of stigmasterol and B-sitosterol from petroleum ether extract of aerial parts of Ageratum conyzoides (Asteraceae). IJPPS 2011;3(1):94-6.

Singh SB, Devi WR, Marina, Devi WI, Swapana N, Singh CB. Ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Ageratum conyzoides Linn (Asteraceae). J Med Plants Res 2013;7(8):371-85.

Moura AC, Silva EL, Fraga MC, Wanderley AG, Afiatpour P, Maia MB. Antiinflammatory and chronic toxicity study of the leaves of Ageratum conyzoides L. in rats. Phytomedicine 2005;12(1-2):138-42.

Hassan MM, Shahid-ud-Daula AF, Jahan IA, Nimmi I, Adnan T, Mansur AA, et al. Anti-inflammatory activity, total flavonoid and tannin content from ethanolic extract of Ageratum conyzoides Linn. Leaf. IJPPR. 2012;1(5):234-41.

Nathiya S, Durga M, Thiyagarajan, D. Quercetin, encapsulated quercetin and its application - A review. IJPPS 2014;6(10):20-6.

Amadi BA, Duru MK, Agomuo EN. Chemical profiles of leaf, stem, root and flower of Ageratum conyzoides. AJPSR 2012;2(4):428-32.

Okoli CO, Akah PA, Nwafor SV. Review, anti-inflammatory activity of plants. J Nat Remed 2003;3(1):1-30.

Mehta A, Sethiya NK, Mehta C, Shah GB. Anti-arthritis activity of roots of Hemidesmus indicus R.Br. (Anantmul) in rats. Asian Pac J Trop Med 2012;5(2):130-5.

Paul S, Das AP, Bhattacharjee S. Rheumatoid arthritis: Molecular basis and cures from nature. IJPPS 2015; 7(7):30-9.

Schuna AA. In: Dipiro JT, Talbert RL, Yees GC, Matzke GR, Wells BG, Posey LM, editors. Pharmacotherapy, A Pathophysiologic Approach: Rheumatoid Arthritis. 6th ed. New York: Mc Graw-Hill Company; 2005. p. 1670-82.

Aletaha D, Kapral T, Smolen JS. Toxicity profile of traditional disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs for rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2003;62(5):482-6.

Integrated Licensing Agency Bogor District. Climate. PBT Bogor City. Available from: http://www.Lipse.bpt.bogorkab.go.id>invest>iklim. 15 September 2016. 04.50 am.

Awad NE, Kassem HA, Elkhayat ZA, El-Feky AM, Matloub AA. Chemical composition and anti-inflammatory evaluation of Ageratum conyzoides L. leaves. JASR 2013;9(3):2126-34.

Almarestani L, Fitzcharles MA, Bennett GJ, Ribeiro-da-Silva A. Imaging studies in Freund’s complete adjuvant model of regional polyarthritis, a model suitable for the study of pain mechanisms, in the rat. Arthritis Rheum 2011;63(6):1573-81.

Bahtiar A, Nakamura T, Kishida K, Katsura J, Nitta M, Ishida-Kitagawa N, et al. The l-Ser analog #290 promotes bone recovery in OP and RA mice. Pharmacol Res 2011;64(3):203-9.

Bolon B, Stolina M, King C, Middleton S, Gasser J, Zack D, et al. Rodent preclinical models for developing novel anti arthritic molecules: Comparative biology and preferred methods for evaluating efficacy. Hindawi Publ Corp J Biomed Biotechnol 2011. DOI: 10.1155/2011/569068.

Bolon B, Morony S, Cheng Y, Hu YL, Feige U. Osteoclast number in lewis rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis identification of preferred sites and parameters for rapid quantitative analysis. Vet Pathol 2004;41:30-6.

Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. Herbal Pharmacopoeia of Indonesia. 1st ed. (Supplement II) Jakarta: Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia; 2011.

Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. Materia Medika Indonesia. Vol. VI. Jakarta: Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia; 1995.

Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. Parameters Standard General Extracts Plant Medicine. Directorate General of Drug and Food Control. Traditional Drug Control Directorate. Jakarta: Bakti Husada; 2000.

Nagakura Y, Okada M, Kohara A, Kiso T, Toya T, Iwai A, et al. Allodynia and hyperalgesia in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats: Time course of progression and efficacy of analgesics. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2003;306(2):490-7.

Bevaart L, Vervoordeldonk MJ, Tak PP. Evaluation of therapeutic targets in animal models of arthritis: How does it relate to rheumatoid arthritis? Arthritis Rheum 2010;62(8):2192-205.

Hanani E. Phytochemical Analysis. Jakarta: Book Medical Publishers EGC; 2016.

Nair MP, Mahajan S, Reynolds JL, Aalinkeel R, Nair H, Schwartz SA, Kandaswami C. The flavonoid quercetin inhibits proinflammatory cytokine (Tumor necrosis factor-alpha) gene expression in normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells via modulation of the NF-kB system. Clinical and vaccine immunology. 2006;13(3):319-28.

Diallo A, Gadegkeku KE, Agbonon A, Aklikokou K, Creppy EC, Gbeassor M. Acute and sub-chronic (28 days) oral toxicity studies of hidroalcoholic leaf extract of Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae). TJPR 2010;9(5):463-7.

Nijveldt RJ, van Nood E, van Hoorn DE, Boelens PG, van Norren K, van Leeuwen PA. Flavonoids: A review of probable mechanisms of action and potential applications. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;74(4):418-25.

Durga M, Nathiya S, Devasena T. Immunomodulatory and antioxidant actions of dietary flavonoids. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2014;6(2):50-6.

Chen CC, Chow MP, Huang WC, Lin YC, Chang YJ. Flavonoids inhibit tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced up-regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in respiratory epithelial cells through activator protein-1 and nuclear factor-kappaB: Structure-activity relationships. Mol Pharmacol 2004;66(3):683-93.

Miyamoto T, Suda T. Review: Differentiation and function of osteoclasts. Keio J Med 2002;52(1):1-7.

Braun T, Zwerina J. Positive regulation of osteoclastogenesis and bone resorpsion in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2011;13(4):235.

Udagawa N, Kotake S, Kamatani N, Takahashi N, Suda T. The molecular mechanism of osteoclastogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res 2002;4:281-9.

Karmakar S, Kay J, Gravallese EM. Bone damage in rheumatoid arthritis: Mechanistic insights and approaches to prevention. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2010;36(2):385-404.

Stolina M, Adamu S, Ominsky M, Dwyer D, Asuncion F, Geng Z, et al. RANKL is a marker and mediator of local and systemic bone loss in two rat models of inflammatory arthritis. J Bone Miner Res 2005;20(10):1756-65.

Schett G, Gravallese E. Bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis: mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment. Nature Reviews Rheumatology. 2012;8(11):656-64.

Stolina M, Schett G, Dwyer D, Vonderfecht S, Middleton S, Duryea D, Pacheco E, Van G, Bolon B, Feige U, Zack D. RANKL inhibition by osteoprotegerin prevents bone loss without affecting local or systemic inflammation parameters in two rat arthritis models: comparison with anti-TNFα or anti-IL-1 therapies. Arthritis research & therapy. 2009;11(6):1.

Published

01-03-2017

How to Cite

Harfiani, E., R. N. Suci, A. Arsianti, A. Bahtiar, and K. Basah. “FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF AGERATUM CONYZOIDES L. (BABANDOTAN) LEAVES EXTRACT ON RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS MODEL RAT”. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, vol. 10, no. 3, Mar. 2017, pp. 429-33, doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i3.16428.

Issue

Section

Original Article(s)