THE EFFECT OF DIETARY OILS AND HYDROLYZED COCONUT OIL ON MINERALS ABSORPTION IN RATS.

Authors

  • Linda Margata Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.
  • Jansen Silalahi Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.
  • Urip Harahap Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.
  • Denny Satria Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i1.20687

Keywords:

Virgin coconut oil, Enzymatic hydrolysis, Rhizomucor miehei, Calcium, Magnesium, Absorption

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of coconut oil (virgin coconut oil; VCO), corn oil, palm oil, and hydrolyzed VCO (HVCO) on minerals (calcium and magnesium) absorption in rats.

Methods: The oils used were corn oil, palm oil, VCO, and HVCO. VCO hydrolysis was done using lipase from Rhizomucor miehei (active on sn-1,3 position). The effect of oils and HVCO on minerals absorption was carried out on 25 male rats, weighing approximately 150–200 g. Rats were housed in air-conditioned room at 22–25°C, under 12-light/dark cycle, fed on basal diet and tap water ad libitum. After 1-week acclimatization, rats were given oils and HVCO for 21 days. The effect of oils on the minerals absorption were determined over the 4-day metabolic balance study. Mineral concentrations in diet, feces, urine, and serum were measured using atomic absorption spectrometry. Minerals absorption are expressed as apparent minerals absorption, apparent minerals absorption rate, and apparent minerals balance.

Results: Calcium absorption in rats given with VCO, corn oil, palm oil, and HVCO is 47.09%, 45.46%, 44.48%, and 49.33%, respectively, whereas, magnesium absorption in rats given with VCO, corn oil, palm oil, and HVCO is 34.87%, 32.08%, 29.39%, and 37.11%, respectively. The results of this study show that minerals absorption in rats given with dietary oils is significantly lower than the control group (51.79% for calcium and 42.34% for magnesium). Mineral absorption in rats given with HVCO results in the highest rate of all rats given with the other oils tested.

Conclusion: Corn oil and palm oil, which belong to the long chain triglycerides oil, lower calcium, and magnesium absorption more significantly than VCO as a medium chain triglyceride oil does. HVCO results in significantly higher calcium and magnesium absorption compared to non-HVCO.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Linda Margata, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry

Jansen Silalahi, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry

Urip Harahap, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.

Department of Pharmacology

Denny Satria, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.

Department of Pharmaceutical Biology

References

Almatsier S. Prinsip Dasar Ilmu Gizi. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama; 2004.

Silalahi J. Dampak negatif air minum reverse osmosis (RO) terhadap kesehatan. J Indon Med Assoc 2014;64:215-7.

O’Dell BL, Sunde RA. Handbook of Nutritionally Essential Mineral Elements. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.; 1997.

World Health Organization. Calcium and Magnesium in Drinking-Water: Public Health and Significance. Spanyol, Geneva: World Health Organization; 2009.

Waldman T, Sarbaziha R, Merz NB, Shufelt C. Calcium supplements and cardiovascular disease: A review. Am J Lifestyle Med 2015;9:298-307.

Gogoi P, Kalita JC. Mineral content of some edible medicinally important leafy vegetables of Kamrup district of Assam, India. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2014;6:404-6.

Tai V, Leung W, Grey A, Reid IR, Bolland MJ. Calcium intake and bone mineral density: Systemtic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2015;351:h4183.

Ensminger AH, Ensminger ME, Konlande JE, Robson JR. Foods and Nutrition Encyclopedia. 2nd ed. USA: CRC Press; 1994.

Bohn, T. Dietary factors influencing magnesium absorption in humans. Curr Nutr Food Sci 2008;4:1-20.

Fife B. The Coconut Oil Miracle. New York: Penguin Group, Inc.; 2004.

Man YB, Manaf MA. Medium-chain triacylglycerols. In: Shahidi F, editor. Nutraceutical and Specialty Lipids and their Co-products. USA: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC; 2006. p. 31-2.

Silalahi J, Nurbaya S. Komposisi, distribusi dan sifat aterogenik asam lemak dalam minyak kelapa dan kelapa sawit. J Indon Med Assoc 2011;61:453-7.

Rezq AA, Labib FA, Attia AE. Effect of some dietary oils and fats on serum lipid profile, calcium absorption and bone mineralization in mice. Pak J Nutr 2010;9:643-50.

Tadayyon B, Lutwak L. Interrelationship of triglycerides with calcium, magnesium and phosphorus in the rat. J Nutr 1968;97:246-54.

Elysa E, Harahap U, Silalahi J. Antibacterial activity of enzymatic hydrolisis of virgin coconut oil against Salmonella. Int J PharmTech Res 2014;6:589-99.

Silalahi J, Permata YM, Putra ED. Antibacterial activity of hydrolyzed virgin coconut oil. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 2014;7:90-4.

Loung FS, Silalahi J, Suryanto D. Antibacterial activity of enzymatic hydrolized of virgin coconut oil and palm kernel oil against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella thypii and Escherichia coli. Int J PharmTech Res 2014;6:628-33.

Sihombing NT, Silalahi J, Suryanto D. Antibacterial activity of aqueous garlic (Allium sativum) extracts and virgin coconut oil and their combination against Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 and Escherichia coli ATCC 8939. Int J ChemTech Res 2014;6:2774-82.

Ketaren S. Minyak dan Lemak Pangan. Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia; 2005.

Zenevicz MC, Jacques A, Furigo AF Jr, Oliveira JV, Oliveira D. Enzymatic hydrolysis of soybean and waste cooking oils under ultrasound system. Ind Crops Prod 2016;80:235-41.

Egba SI, Ugwu CE, Osuocha C. Effect of some dietary lipids administration on the levels of some serum minerals in wistar albino rats. Cibtech J Zool 2015;4:6-12.

Willis JB. Determination of calcium and magnesium in urine by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Anal Chem 1961;33:556-9.

Perkin E. Analytical Methods for Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. USA: Perkin-Elmer Corporation; 1996.

Rodrigues RC, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Lipase from rhizomucor miehei as a biocatalyst in fats and oils modification. J Mol Catal B Enzym 2010;66:15-32.

Sivaraj R, Suji M, Priya SV. Optimization of lipase production from different agroindustrial wastes by marine actinomycetes. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci 2014;6:292-4.

Roskoski R. Biochemistry. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders Company; 1996.

Rolfes SA, Pinna K, Whitney E. Understanding Normal and Clinical Nutrition. 8th ed. USA: Wadsworth, Belmoth; 2009.

Gropper SS, Smith JL, Groff JL. Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism. 5th ed. Australia: Belmont, Wadsworth Cengage Learning; 2009.

Haderslev KV, Jeppesen PB, Mortensen PB, Staun M. Absorption of calcium and magnesium in patients with intestinal resections treated with medium chain fatty acids. Gut 2000;46:819-23.

Chow CK. Fatty Acids in Foods and their Health Implications. 3rd ed. USA: CRC Press; 2008.

Zambiazi RC, Przybylski R, Zambiazi MW, Mendonca CB. Fatty acid composition of vegetable oils and fats. B. CEPPA Curitiba 2007;25:111-20.

Published

01-01-2018

How to Cite

Margata, L., J. Silalahi, U. Harahap, and D. Satria. “THE EFFECT OF DIETARY OILS AND HYDROLYZED COCONUT OIL ON MINERALS ABSORPTION IN RATS”. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, vol. 11, no. 1, Jan. 2018, pp. 185-90, doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i1.20687.

Issue

Section

Original Article(s)

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 3 4 5 > >>