DETERMINATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY IN LEAVES AND FLOWERS OF CHROMOLAENA SCABRA (L. F.) R.M. KING AND H. ROB.

PAULA ALEJANDRA GIRALDO VILLAMIL; ANDRÉS CAMILO ANDRADE BURBANO; LUIS POMBO OSPINA; JANETH ARIAS PALACIOS; ÓSCAR EDUARDO RODRÍGUEZ AGUIRRE

doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i9.38835

Authors

PAULA ALEJANDRA GIRALDO VILLAMIL Department of Chemical Pharmaceutical Program, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A., Bogotá Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9915-5816
ANDRÉS CAMILO ANDRADE BURBANO Department of Chemical Pharmaceutical Program, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A., Bogotá Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5934-0451
LUIS POMBO OSPINA Centro de Investigacion, Fundación Universitaria Juan N. Corpas, Bogotá Colombia.
JANETH ARIAS PALACIOS Department of Microbiology, Industrial Microbiology Program, Industrial Environmental and Biotechnology Group, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.
ÓSCAR EDUARDO RODRÍGUEZ AGUIRRE Environmental Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, Research Group CHOC-IZONE, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i9.38835

Keywords:

Agar diffusion method, Chromolaena scabra, antimicrobial activity, Soxhlet extraction, Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium digitatum

Abstract

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of leaf and flower extract in Chromolaena scabra (L. f.) R.M. King and H. Rob., against selected strains of bacteria and fungi.

Methods: The agar diffusion method with plate perforation was developed; the microorganisms used were strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger, and Penicillium digitatum. Rifampicin was used as a positive control. The evaluation was performed by measuring the diameter of the growth inhibition zones around the holes. The inhibitory effect of the plant extracts was obtained by its efficiency compared to the positive control. A comparison with fluconazole and ketoconazole was performed to determine how much of the extract is required to cause inhibition of fungal growth from the standard.

Results: IC50 was determined by relating the ln of mass evaluated with respect to the square of the inhibition halo; ethanolic extracts of leaves and flowers of petroleum ether with IC50 values of 85.8 mg/ml and 50.3 mg/ml showed the highest inhibitory effect against S. aureus; the extract of petroleum ether and ethanol from leaves with IC50 of 64 mg/ml and 60 mg/ml, respectively. They were effective with A. niger. Leaf petroleum ether extract showed the best relative antifungal activity against A. niger with respect to fluconazole equivalent to 459.51 when fluconazole is 1.0.

Conclusion: The extracts with high potential to inhibit the growth of microorganisms were determined to be ether flowers of petroleum and ethanol leaf extracts.

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Author Biography

PAULA ALEJANDRA GIRALDO VILLAMIL, Department of Chemical Pharmaceutical Program, Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales U.D.C.A., Bogotá Colombia.

Departamento de Microbiologia. Grupo de Biotecnologia Ambiental e Industrial

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