HOSPITAL-BASED CLINICAL STUDY ON PREVALENCE OF TPO ANTIBODIES IN ASSOCIATION TO AUTOIMMUNE THYROID DISEASES IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

JASJOT SINGH; PRANAV KUMAR PRABHAKAR; NURAKANT NEUPANE

doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i12.39513

Authors

JASJOT SINGH Department of Medical Laboratory, OSF HealthCare Saint Francis Medical Center, Peoria-IL-61614, USA.
PRANAV KUMAR PRABHAKAR Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
NURAKANT NEUPANE Dpartment of Genetics Lab, National Academy of Medical Sciences, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu - 44600, Nepal.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i12.39513

Keywords:

Autoimmune, Anti-thyroperoxidase, Subclinical thyroidism, Overt thyroidism, Thyroid stimulating hormones, Free T3, Free T4

Abstract

Objective: Autoimmune thyroid disease is one of the organs specific autoimmune disorders. The onset is much more common in women than in men. Worldwide, 2–4% of women and only 1% of men have affected and the rate increases with age. Thyroperoxidase (TPO) antibodies (Abs) level helps to diagnose autoimmune thyroid disease along with levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Free Tri-iodotyrosine (Free T3), and Free Thyroxin(Free T4) and it helps in differentiation between subclinical and overt thyroidism. The core objective of clinical study was to evaluate prevalence of anti-TPO Abs in association to autoimmune thyroid disease in a tertiary care hospital – Punjab.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of random patient (n=200 patients) at a tertiary care hospital, Mohall – Punjab was carried out. All the patients fall in the age group 12–89 years. The parameters, which were used for the diagnosis of autoimmune thyroid disease, were anti-TPO level, Free T3 level, and Free T4 level. The patients were divided in different group on the basis of their age, gender, and their clinical conditions. The level of TPO Abs, TSH, Free T3, and Free T4 was noted for each patient. Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay method was used for determination of TPO Abs and other thyroid parameters. After a period of 16 weeks, subjects from different groups had great difference in their anti-TPO values in the autoimmune thyroid disease.

Results: TPO Abs positive is one of the most common associated with hypothyroidism which was 36.5%, among them 20.5% suffered from subclinical hypothyroidism, whereas other remaining suffered from clinical hypothyroidism, clinical hyperthyroidism, and other autoimmune disease.

Conclusion: TPO Abs level helps to diagnose autoimmune thyroid disease, along with this the level of TSH, Free T3, and Free T4 helps in differentiation between subclinical and overt thyroidism.

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