To monitor the adverse drug reactions associated with the use of antihypertensive agents in a tertiary care hospital in Central Kerala.

Ashin  Senoj; Santosh Pillai; Sajit  Varghese; Nisha Kurian; Jithin Yesudas Varghese; Jomon S John; Liya  Roslin Joseph

Authors

Ashin S MBBS Student https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1666-5078
Santosh Pillai Department of Pharmacology, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Tiruvalla 689101, Kerala https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2089-6751
Sajit Varghese Associate Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Pushpagiri Medical College, Tiruvalla, Kerala https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8810-8766
Nisha K Assistant Professor in Biostatistics, Department of Community Medicine, Pushpagiri Medical College, Tiruvalla https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7541-8557
Jithin Yesudas MBBS Student
Jomon John MBBS Student
Liya Roslin Joseph Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Pushpagiri Medical College, Tiruvalla, Kerala https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2757-1295

Keywords:

Adverse drug reactions, Antihypertensive agents

Abstract

Aims and Objectives: To monitor the adverse drug reactions due to anti hypertensive drugs prescribed in a tertiary care hospital. Background:

There are a great variety of anti hypertensive medications now available in the market. The Clinicians will come across a lot of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) while prescribing antihypertensive medications. Studying the ADR and causality will help them be vigilant while prescribing. Design: This was an open, non-comparative, observational study. Methods: The study was conducted in the out patient department of General Medicine of a tertiary care hospital in Kerala. The demographic details,suspected ADRs were collected from the patients, evaluated and causality assesment was done. Results : More women developed ADRs compared to men due to the antihypertensive drug.The occurrence of adverse reactions were seen to be more in older patients of over 50 years of age compared to younger individuals. Occurrence of ADR was more in patients using a combination of drugs(74.3%) rather than monotherapy. Calcium channel blockers was associated with more number of adverse reactions (62.5%) with amlodipine showing the maximum ADRs (64.8). The commonly seen ADR was edema. When the causality assessment was done most were probable/ likely followed by possible.Conclusions:This study shows that Calcium channel blockers were the therapeutic class of drugs that caused the most number of ADRs , especially pedal edemaThere was a higher frequency of ADRs to various antihypertensive drugs. Females and those more than 50 years old had shown a higher proportion of ADRs though not statistically significant. Also those individuals who took more drugs to treat hypertension also showed more ADRs. Organ system distribution of ADRs showed a general system, followed by the cardiovascular system. This study of adverse reactions towards antihypertensive medications will help physicians to choose a better option to treat their patients which will eventually help in patient satisfaction and medication safety.

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References

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To monitor the adverse drug reactions associated with the use of antihypertensive agents in a tertiary care hospital in Central Kerala.

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