STUDY OF ANTI-ANAEMIC EFFECT OF SCHREBERA SWIETENIOIDES ROXB. IN RAT MODELS
Abstract
Objective: Ethnobotanical survey of Schrebera swietenioides Roxb revealed the bark of the tree to be useful in anemia. The objective of this study was
to study the ant-anemic effect of methanolic extract of root bark of S. swietenioides Roxb. against phenylhydrazine induced anemic rat model.
Methods: The methanolic extracts of Leaf, Stem bark, and Root bark were prepared by soxhlation. Phytochemical analysis of the extracts was performed
using standard testing procedures. The total phenolic content (TPC) of Schrebera leaf extract, Schrebera stem bark extract and Schrebera root bark
extract (SRE) was determined by Folin–Ciocalteu method. Hemolytic anemia was induced in male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal administration
of phenylhydrazine HCl (PHZ) at doses of 40 mg/kg body weight/day for 3 consecutive days. Anemic rats were orally treated with SRE at doses of
200 and 350 mg/kg body wt/day. The rats were analyzed for hematological parameters such as hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell count (RBC) and
hematocrit or packed cell volume (PCV) on day 4 and 14.
Results: Phytochemical screening of the extracts indicated the presence of carbohydrates, saponins, sterols, polyphenols, tannins, and flavonoids.
Folin–Ciocalteu method of testing for TPC demonstrated SRE to be rich in total phenols with a value of 266 mg GAE/g of dry extract. Anemia was
induced successfully in Groups II, III, IV, and V, which was indicated by a mean reduction of 51.6% in RBC count; 53.85% in Hb content, and 54.9% in
PCV. Analysis of hematological parameters on day 14 showed that SRE significantly (p<0.05) improved Hb, RBC count, and PCV at a dose of 350 mg/kg
body weight.
Conclusion: This study, not only substantiates the folklore use of the root bark of S. swietenioides, but also suggests its inclusion in the treatment of
anemia as it exhibited significant anti-anemic activity.
Keywords: Schrebera swietenioides, Anemia, Hematological parameters, Phenyl hydrazine, Hematocrit.
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